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Public-domain commentary
Matthew Henry
From his Commentary on the Whole Bible. Henry comments on passages, not single verses — this entry covers Colossians 4:5–6.
The apostle exhorts them further to a prudent and decent conduct towards all those with whom they conversed, towards the heathen world, or those out of the Christian church among whom they lived (Col 4:5): Walk in wisdom towards those who are without. Be careful, in all your converse with them, to get no hurt by them, or contract any of their customs; for evil communications corrupt good manners; and to do not hurt to them, or increase their prejudices against religion, and give them an occasion of dislike. Yea, do them all the good you can, and by all the fittest means and in the proper seasons recommend religion to them. - Redeeming the time; that is, either "improving every opportunity of doing them good, and making the best use of your time in proper duty" (diligence in redeeming time very much recommends religion to the good opinion of others), or else "walking cautiously and with circumspections, to give them no advantage against you, nor expose yourselves to their malice and ill-will," Eph 5:15, Eph 5:16. Walk circumspectly, redeeming the time, because the days are evil, that is, dangerous, or times of trouble and suffering. And towards others, or those who are within as well as those who are without, "Let your speech be always with grace, Col 4:6. Let all your discourse be as becomes Christians, suitable to your profession - savoury, discreet, seasonable." Though it be not always of grace, it must be always with grace; and, though the matter of our discourse be that which is common, yet there must be an air of piety upon it and it must be in a Christian manner seasoned with salt. Grace is the salt which seasons our discourse, makes it savoury, and keeps it from corrupting. That you may know how to answer every man. One answer is proper for one man, and another for another man Pro 26:4, Pro 26:5. We have need of a great deal of wisdom and grace to give proper answers to every man, particularly in answering the questions and objections of adversaries against our religion, giving the reasons of our faith, and showing the unreasonableness of their exceptions and cavils to the best advantage for our cause and least prejudice to ourselves. Be ready always to give an answer to every man who asketh you a reason of the hope that is in you, with meekness and fear, Pe1 3:15.
Historical interpretation
Two Centuries of Reception
5 surviving comments on this verse. Each one is dated, so this reads as a timeline rather than a list.
Select a marker to jump to its quote. Markers stagger vertically where authors wrote within a few decades of each other.
Let your conversation always be temperate and modest, and seasoned with religion as with salt. And, further, let there be no jealousy among you or contentiousness, which might bring you into all manner of confusion and division, and thus also make you objects of aversion to Christ and to the emperor, and lead you into the deepest abomination, so that not one stone of your building could stand upon another.
And, "If a man speak, let him speak in the words of God." [1 Peter 4:11] And, "If there is in you understanding, give an answer to your brother but if not, put your hand on your mouth." [Sirach 5:14] For, "at one time it is proper to keep silence, and at another you to speak." [Ecclesiastes 3:7] And again it says "When a man speaks in season, it is honourable to him." [Proverbs 25:11] And again it says: "Let your speech be seasoned with grace. For it is required of a man to know how to give an answer to every one in season." For "he that utters whatsoever comes to his mouth, that man produces strife; and he that utters a superfluity of words increases vexation; and he that is hasty with his lips falls into evil. For because of the unruliness of the tongue comes anger; but the perfect man keeps watch over his tongue, and loves his soul's life."
"Let your speech be always with grace, seasoned with salt"; that is, that this graciousness may not lapse into indifferentism. For it is possible to be simply agreeable, it is possible also to be so with due seemliness. "That ye may know how ye ought to answer each one." So that one ought not to discourse alike to all, Greeks, I mean, and Brethren. By no means, for this were the very extreme of senselessness.
Next, lest thou think that he is speaking of money, he adds, "Let your speech be always with grace, seasoned with salt, that ye may know how ye ought to answer each one." That it may not be full of hypocrisy, for this is not "grace," nor "a seasoning with salt." For instance, if it be needful to pay court to any one without incurring danger, refuse not [to do so]; if the occasion require that thou discourse civilly, think not the doing so flattery, do everything that pertaineth to honor, so that piety be not injured. Seest thou not how Daniel payeth court to an impious man? Seest thou not the three children, how wisely they bore themselves, showing both courage, and boldness in speaking, and yet nothing rash nor galling, for so it had not been boldness, but vainglory. "That ye may know," he saith, "how ye ought to answer every man." For the ruler ought to be answered in one way, the ruled in another, the rich in one way, the poor in another. Wherefore? Because the souls of those who are rich, and in authority, are weaker, more inflammable, more fluctuating, so that towards them, one should use condescension; those of the poor, and the ruled, firmer and more intelligent, so that to these one should use greater boldness of speech; looking to one thing, their edification. Not that because one is rich, another poor, the former is to be honored more, the latter less, but because of his weakness, let the former be supported, the latter not so: for instance, when there is no cause for it, do not call the Greek "polluted," nor be insulting; but if thou be asked concerning his doctrine, answer that it is polluted, and impious; but when none asketh thee, nor forceth thee to speak, it becomes thee not causelessly to challenge to thee his enmity. For what need is there to prepare for thyself gratuitous hostilities? Again, if thou art instructing any one; speak on the subject at present before thee, otherwise be silent. If the speech be "seasoned with salt," should it fall into a soul that is of loose texture, it will brace up its slackness; into one that is harsh, it will smooth its ruggedness. Let it be gracious, and so neither hard, nor yet weak, but let it have both sternness and pleasantness therewith. For if one be immoderately stern, he doth more harm than good; and if he be immoderately complaisant, he giveth more pain than pleasure, so that everywhere there ought to be moderation. Be not downcast, and sour visaged, for this is offensive; nor yet be wholly relaxed, for this is open to contempt and treading under foot; but, like the bee, culling the virtue of each, of the one its cheerfulness, of the other its gravity, keep clear of the fault. For if a physician dealeth not with all bodies alike, much more ought not a teacher. And yet better will the body bear unsuitable medicines, than the soul language; for instance, a Greek cometh to thee, and becomes thy friend; discourse not at all with him on this subject, until he have become a close friend, and after he hath become so, do it gradually.
See, when Paul also had come to Athens, how he discoursed with them. He said not, "O polluted, and all-polluted"; but what? "Ye men of Athens, in all things I perceive that ye are somewhat superstitious." (Acts xvii. 22.) Again, when to insult was needful, he refused not; but with great vehemency he said to Elymas, "O full of all guile and all villainy, son of the devil, enemy of all righteousness." For as to have insulted those had been senselessness, so not to have insulted this one had been softness. Again, art thou brought unto a ruler on a matter of business, see that thou render him the honors that are his due.
A hermit said to a brother, ‘Do not measure yourself against your brother, saying that you are more serious or more chaste or more understanding than he is. But be obedient to the grace of God, in the spirit of poverty, and in love unfeigned. The efforts of a man swollen with vanity are futile. It is written, “Let him that thinks he stands take heed lest he fall” (1 Cor. 10:12); “let your speech be seasoned with salt” (Col. 4:6) and so you will be dependent upon Christ.’
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Summary
This verse provides a profound directive for Christian communication, urging believers to speak with grace and wisdom, effectively engaging with all people. This verse emphasizes that the manner and content of a believer's words should consistently reflect divine favor and discernment, enabling them to offer appropriate and insightful responses in any interaction, particularly with those outside the faith.
Context
Literary Context
Colossians 4:6 serves as the culmination of Paul's practical exhortations regarding the Colossian believers' conduct, especially their public witness. The preceding verses establish a foundation for this instruction: Colossians 4:2-4 urges persistent prayer, specifically for open doors for the gospel and for Paul to clearly proclaim the "mystery of Christ." Following this, Colossians 4:5 commands believers to "walk in wisdom toward them that are without, redeeming the time." Verse 6 directly builds upon this, specifying how this wise conduct should manifest in their speech, ensuring their verbal interactions are both winsome and effective for the sake of the gospel. It transitions from general conduct to the specific quality of their words.
Historical & Cultural Context
The city of Colossae was a diverse community, likely influenced by various philosophical and religious ideas, including a nascent Gnostic-like heresy that Paul addresses throughout the epistle. In such a pluralistic environment, the way Christians communicated was crucial for both internal cohesion and external evangelism. Public discourse was highly valued in the Greco-Roman world, and the ability to articulate one's beliefs persuasively and respectfully was essential. The metaphors of "grace" and "salt" would have resonated deeply: "grace" (Greek charis) was understood as favor, charm, or pleasantness, while "salt" (Greek hálas) held multiple significances—as a preservative, a flavor enhancer, and even a symbol of wisdom, covenant, or purification in both Jewish and Hellenistic thought. Paul's instruction thus speaks to the need for speech that is both appealing and substantial, capable of preserving truth and adding flavor to interactions.
Key Themes
This verse contributes significantly to several key themes within Colossians and the broader Pauline corpus. It underscores the theme of Christian witness and evangelism, emphasizing that believers' speech is a primary means of engaging with "outsiders" (Colossians 4:5). It also highlights the importance of practical wisdom (Colossians 1:9-10) in daily life, particularly in communication, reflecting a life transformed by Christ. The call for "gracious" speech aligns with the overarching theme of Christ-like character and the fruit of the Spirit, which includes kindness and gentleness (Galatians 5:22-23). Furthermore, the imagery of "seasoned with salt" connects to Jesus' teaching about believers being the "salt of the earth" in Matthew 5:13, implying speech that purifies, preserves, and adds distinctiveness to a morally decaying world. The ultimate goal—"that ye may know how ye ought to answer every man"—reinforces the theme of readiness to articulate one's faith and hope, a concept also strongly echoed in 1 Peter 3:15.
Exposition and Analysis
Key Word Analysis
This term, often translated as "word," encompasses not just individual utterances but also discourse, communication, and even the underlying thought or reason. In this context, it refers to the entirety of one's verbal expression, highlighting that the believer's entire manner of speaking, not just specific words, should be characterized by grace and wisdom.
This rich word denotes graciousness, favor, kindness, and charm. It can refer to God's unmerited favor, but here it describes a quality of human interaction. When applied to speech, it signifies communication that is pleasant, gentle, winsome, and benevolent, reflecting the divine favor that has been bestowed upon the speaker. It implies a demeanor that is appealing and non-offensive.
Literally "salt," this term is used metaphorically. In ancient contexts, salt was a preservative, a flavor enhancer, and sometimes a symbol of wisdom, purity, or covenant. When speech is "seasoned with salt," it suggests communication that is not bland, corrupt, or decaying, but rather insightful, discerning, wholesome, and perhaps even sharp or poignant in a way that adds value and prevents spiritual decay.
Verse Breakdown
"Let your speech be alway with grace"
This imperative (implied by the structure) calls for a consistent, perpetual quality of communication. "Alway" (Greek pántote) emphasizes that this is not an occasional practice but a continuous characteristic. "With grace" (Greek en cháris) indicates that grace should be the fundamental atmosphere or essence of all verbal interactions. This means speaking kindly, gently, and in a way that conveys favor and good will, even when addressing difficult topics.
"seasoned with salt"
This vivid metaphor describes the quality or effect of gracious speech. To be "seasoned" (Greek artýō) implies preparation and enhancement, like food made palatable and preserved. "With salt" (Greek hálas) suggests that the speech should possess wisdom, purity, and perhaps a distinctive, preserving quality. It should be thoughtful, relevant, and impactful, preventing decay (like corruption or meaninglessness) and adding flavor (like insight or conviction). It implies speech that is not insipid or offensive, but rather discerning and wholesome.
"that ye may know how ye ought to answer every man"
This clause reveals the practical purpose and outcome of such communication. The aim is to gain the discernment ("know," Greek eídō) and ability ("how ye ought," Greek pōs deî) to respond appropriately ("answer," Greek apokrínomai) to anyone ("every man," Greek hékastos heîs). This implies readiness to engage with diverse perspectives, whether in evangelism, apologetics, or general conversation, always with wisdom and Christ-like character.
Literary Devices
The most prominent literary device in Colossians 4:6 is Metaphor, specifically in the phrase "seasoned with salt." This vivid image draws on the tangible properties of salt—its ability to preserve, enhance flavor, and purify—to describe the desired qualities of Christian speech. It implies that believers' words should be wholesome, preventing moral or spiritual decay, and adding a distinct, appealing quality to communication that sets it apart from bland or corrupt discourse. The verse also employs Didactic Instruction, as Paul directly teaches and commands his audience on proper conduct. This instructional tone is characteristic of Pauline epistles, guiding believers in practical living. Furthermore, there is an implied Imperative Mood in "Let your speech be," which functions as a command, emphasizing the non-negotiable nature of this call to gracious and wise communication.
Theological and Thematic Connections
Colossians 4:6 profoundly shapes our understanding of Christian communication as a theological act, not merely a social one. It elevates speech to a realm where it reflects God's character and serves His redemptive purposes. The call for "grace" in speech aligns with the very nature of the gospel—God's unmerited favor extended to humanity. To speak with grace is to embody this divine attribute, making our words channels of kindness, understanding, and reconciliation. The "salt" metaphor connects to the concept of believers as agents of preservation and distinctiveness in a fallen world, implying that our words should carry truth, wisdom, and moral purity, preventing decay and adding spiritual flavor to conversations. This verse underscores the theological truth that our words are powerful instruments, capable of building up or tearing down, and thus must be stewarded responsibly as part of our worship and witness.
Reflection and Application
Colossians 4:6 presents a timeless challenge for believers in every generation, urging us to cultivate intentionality and spiritual depth in our daily conversations. In an age saturated with rapid, often unfiltered, and frequently abrasive communication through social media and digital platforms, this verse serves as a crucial anchor. It calls us to pause and consider not just the content of our words, but their tone, their intent, and their potential impact. Are our words consistently characterized by grace, building up and offering kindness, even when we disagree? Do they carry the "salt" of wisdom, discernment, and truth, providing substance and clarity rather than contributing to noise or confusion? This command extends beyond formal evangelism; it applies to our interactions with family, colleagues, neighbors, and even strangers. It compels us to be thoughtful communicators, ready to engage with others respectfully, to listen empathetically, and to respond in a way that reflects the transforming power of Christ in our lives, ultimately making our faith attractive and comprehensible to a watching world.
Questions for Reflection
FAQ
What does "seasoned with salt" truly mean for our speech?
"Seasoned with salt" is a rich metaphor indicating that our speech should be wise, wholesome, and impactful. In ancient times, salt was used for preservation, flavor, and purification. Therefore, speech seasoned with salt means communication that is:
It implies that our words should be thoughtful, appropriate for the situation, and capable of adding value and insight, perhaps even a gentle challenge, always within the framework of grace. This echoes Jesus' teaching in Matthew 5:13.
Is this verse only about evangelism?
While Colossians 4:6 is certainly crucial for evangelism and engaging with "outsiders" (Colossians 4:5), its application extends far beyond that specific context. The phrase "every man" (Greek hékastos heîs) suggests a universal scope for our communication. This principle applies to all our interactions: with fellow believers, family members, colleagues, and even those with whom we disagree. The call for gracious and wise speech is a foundational aspect of Christian character, reflecting Christ in every sphere of life. It encompasses how we resolve conflicts, offer encouragement, share opinions, and simply converse daily.
How does "grace" relate to "salt" in speech?
"Grace" and "salt" are complementary qualities that work together to define effective Christian speech. "Grace" (Greek cháris) speaks to the manner and tone of our communication—it should be kind, gentle, winsome, and benevolent, reflecting God's unmerited favor. It ensures that our words are delivered with love and respect, making them approachable and non-offensive. "Salt" (Greek hálas) speaks to the content and impact of our communication—it should be wise, pure, discerning, and relevant. It ensures that our words have substance, clarity, and perhaps a preserving or convicting quality. Without grace, "salt" can become harsh or abrasive; without "salt," "grace" can become bland or lacking in truth. Together, they ensure that our speech is both appealing and substantial, embodying both truth and love, as seen in Ephesians 4:15.
Christ-Centered Fulfillment
Colossians 4:6 finds its ultimate fulfillment and perfect example in the person and ministry of Jesus Christ. He is the embodiment of both grace and truth (John 1:14). His speech was consistently "full of grace" (Luke 4:22), drawing people in with His compassionate words, yet it was also "seasoned with salt," possessing unparalleled wisdom, piercing truth, and divine authority that left even His enemies astonished, declaring, "Never man spake like this man" (John 7:46). Jesus perfectly knew "how to answer every man," whether it was silencing His critics with profound parables (Matthew 22:15-22), engaging Nicodemus in deep theological discourse (John 3:1-21), or offering comfort to the brokenhearted (John 14:1-3). As believers, we are called to imitate Christ, and it is through the indwelling Holy Spirit, who empowers us to live out Christ's character, that we can genuinely speak with grace and salt. Our ability to communicate in this Christ-like manner is a direct result of His transformative work within us, enabling our words to flow from a heart renewed by His grace (Matthew 12:34). Thus, Colossians 4:6 is not merely a behavioral command but an invitation to reflect the communicative excellence of our Savior.