Proverbs 22:17

KJV

¶ Bow down thine ear, and hear the words of the wise, and apply thine heart unto my knowledge.

KJV (with Strong's)

Bow down {H5186} thine ear {H241}, and hear {H8085} the words {H1697} of the wise {H2450}, and apply {H7896} thine heart {H3820} unto my knowledge {H1847}.

Complete Jewish Bible

Pay attention, and listen to the words of the wise; apply your heart to my knowledge;

Berean Standard Bible

Incline your ear and hear the words of the wise— apply your mind to my knowledge—

American Standard Version

Incline thine ear, and hear the words of the wise, And apply thy heart unto my knowledge.

Commentary

### SUMMARY
Proverbs 22:17 serves as a pivotal introduction to a new collection of wisdom sayings, issuing a direct and urgent call to the reader or student. It emphasizes the foundational prerequisites for acquiring and internalizing divine wisdom: a humble and attentive posture of listening, a discerning reception of counsel from experienced and godly teachers, and a profound, holistic commitment of one's entire inner being to integrate this knowledge into practical living. This verse establishes that true wisdom is not passively absorbed but actively engaged with, demanding both intellectual reception and heartfelt application.

### CONTEXT
* **Literary Context:** Proverbs 22:17 marks a distinct shift in the book of Proverbs, introducing what scholars often refer to as "The Sayings of the Wise" (Proverbs 22:17-24:34). Unlike the preceding sections, which frequently feature the direct address of a father to his son or the personification of Wisdom calling out, this verse initiates a collection of thirty individual sayings, often more didactic and direct in their instruction. It serves as an overture, setting the tone and outlining the necessary disposition for the reception of the practical wisdom that follows. The structure of these sayings often involves observations about life, warnings against folly, and commendations of virtue, all framed by the overarching theme of biblical wisdom. This transition signals a more formal, teacher-to-disciple instruction, emphasizing the deliberate act of learning.
* **Historical & Cultural Context:** In ancient Israel, wisdom was highly valued and transmitted primarily through oral tradition, mentorship, and formal instruction within family units or specialized schools. The "wise" were respected figures—elders, scribes, or sages—who had accumulated knowledge and discernment through experience, observation, and particularly, through their understanding of God's law and creation. The act of "bowing down the ear" speaks to a cultural norm of respect and humility shown to a teacher or elder, signifying a readiness to receive instruction. Knowledge was not merely intellectual assent but was deeply intertwined with moral character and practical living, aiming to shape one's entire life. The emphasis on the "heart" (Hebrew: *lêb*) reflects the ancient Near Eastern understanding of the heart as the center of intellect, will, emotion, and moral decision-making, not just a physical organ. This holistic view of the human person is crucial for understanding the call to internalize wisdom, as seen in passages like [Deuteronomy 6:4-6](/deuteronomy/6-4 "Deuteronomy 6:4-6 - The Shema and Teaching Children").
* **Key Themes:** This verse encapsulates several key themes prevalent throughout the book of Proverbs and biblical wisdom literature. Firstly, it underscores the **primacy of attentive listening** as the gateway to wisdom. True learning begins with a humble and focused receptivity, a willingness to incline oneself towards truth rather than approaching it with arrogance or distraction. Secondly, it highlights the **authority and value of wise instruction**, recognizing that genuine wisdom is often found in the counsel of those who have walked with God and gained discernment. This theme is echoed in [Proverbs 1:7](/proverbs/1-7 "Proverbs 1:7 - The Fear of the Lord is the Beginning of Knowledge"), which states that "The fear of the Lord is the beginning of knowledge." Lastly, and perhaps most profoundly, the verse emphasizes the **holistic application of knowledge**. It's not enough to merely hear or intellectually grasp wisdom; it must be "applied to the heart," meaning it must penetrate one's inner being, shaping thoughts, desires, and actions. This integration of knowledge into life is the ultimate goal of biblical wisdom, leading to a transformed character and righteous living, a concept also found in [Matthew 7:24-27](/matthew/7-24 "Matthew 7:24-27 - The Wise and Foolish Builders").

### EXPOSITION AND ANALYSIS
#### Key Word Analysis
* **Bow down (Hebrew, _nâṭâh'_):** From H5186, meaning "to stretch or spread out; by implication, to bend away (including moral deflection); used in a great variety of application." In this context, it signifies a deliberate, physical act of inclining the ear, symbolizing a posture of humility, attentiveness, and readiness to receive instruction. It is not a passive hearing but an active leaning in.
* **Hear (Hebrew, _shâmaʻ'_):** From H8085, meaning "to hear intelligently (often with implication of attention, obedience, etc.; causatively, to tell, etc.)." This word goes beyond mere auditory perception; it implies understanding, paying heed, and often, acting in response to what is heard. It denotes a receptive and obedient listening that leads to comprehension and application.
* **Heart (Hebrew, _lêb'_):** From H3820, meaning "the heart; also used (figuratively) very widely for the feelings, the will and even the intellect; likewise for the centre of anything." In Hebrew thought, the *lêb* is the seat of intellect, emotion, will, and moral choice. To "apply thine heart" means to engage one's entire inner being—mind, will, and affections—in the process of receiving and internalizing knowledge.

#### Verse Breakdown
* **"Bow down thine ear":** This imperative command initiates the call to wisdom, demanding a physical and spiritual posture of humility and focused attention. It implies setting aside distractions and pride, actively inclining oneself to listen intently to what is about to be communicated. This is a prerequisite for genuine learning.
* **"and hear the words of the wise":** Following the command to incline, this phrase specifies the content and source of the instruction. The listener is urged to intelligently receive and understand the teachings of those who possess wisdom—individuals who have gained discernment through experience, observation, and divine insight. This highlights the value of seeking out and heeding sound counsel.
* **"and apply thine heart unto my knowledge":** This final clause moves beyond mere reception to internal transformation. "Apply thine heart" (literally, "set your heart" or "place your heart") signifies a deliberate, conscious act of directing one's entire inner self—intellect, emotions, and will—towards the knowledge being offered. The goal is not just intellectual understanding, but a deep, personal internalization that shapes character and behavior, making the knowledge truly one's own.

#### Literary Devices
Proverbs 22:17 employs several potent **Literary Devices** to convey its message. The primary device is **Imperative Mood**, seen in the commands "Bow down," "hear," and "apply." These are not suggestions but direct, authoritative instructions, underscoring the urgency and necessity of the actions for acquiring wisdom. The phrase "Bow down thine ear" is a vivid **Metaphor** for humble and attentive listening, transforming a physical act into a spiritual disposition. It paints a picture of leaning in, demonstrating eagerness and respect. Furthermore, the verse exhibits a form of **Parallelism**, specifically **Synthetic Parallelism**, where the second and third clauses build upon and complete the thought of the first. "Bow down thine ear" sets the stage for "hear the words of the wise," which is then deepened and made personal by "apply thine heart unto my knowledge." This progression emphasizes that true wisdom requires not just passive hearing, but active, internal appropriation. The use of "my knowledge" at the end also implies a personal relationship between the teacher and the student, adding a layer of intimacy and trust to the instructional process.

### THEOLOGICAL AND THEMATIC CONNECTIONS
Proverbs 22:17 profoundly connects to the broader biblical emphasis on the nature of true wisdom, which is not merely intellectual accumulation but a holistic, transformative engagement with divine truth. It underscores that God's wisdom, often mediated through human teachers and the written Word, demands a receptive heart and an obedient will. This verse echoes the call throughout Scripture for diligent attention to God's voice and a commitment to living out His precepts. It reminds us that spiritual growth and discernment are contingent upon a humble posture, a discerning ear, and a heart fully yielded to the knowledge that leads to life. This active receptivity is foundational for a life lived in accordance with God's will and for bearing the fruit of righteousness.

* [Deuteronomy 4:10](/deuteronomy/4-10 "Deuteronomy 4:10 - Hear and Learn")
* [James 1:22](/james/1-22 "James 1:22 - Be Doers of the Word")
* [Psalm 119:34](/psalm/119-34 "Psalm 119:34 - Give Me Understanding to Keep Your Law")

### REFLECTION AND APPLICATION
Proverbs 22:17 offers timeless wisdom for anyone seeking to grow in understanding and live a life aligned with God's purposes. In an age of constant noise and information overload, the command to "bow down thine ear" is a powerful invitation to cultivate intentional, humble listening. This means not just hearing passively, but actively inclining ourselves towards truth, especially the truth found in God's Word and the counsel of godly mentors. Furthermore, the imperative to "apply thine heart unto my knowledge" challenges us to move beyond mere intellectual assent to deep, transformative internalization. It calls us to allow divine wisdom to penetrate our innermost being, shaping our thoughts, desires, and actions, leading to genuine character formation rather than superficial knowledge. This verse encourages a lifelong pursuit of wisdom, marked by humility, discernment, and a wholehearted commitment to living out what we learn.

#### Questions for Reflection
* **In what areas of your life do you find it most challenging to "bow down your ear" and truly listen, especially to difficult truths or wise counsel?**
* **How does your current approach to learning or studying Scripture reflect the command to "apply thine heart" to God's knowledge?**
* **What practical steps can you take this week to cultivate a more humble and receptive posture toward wisdom, whether from God's Word or from wise individuals in your life?**

### FAQ
**What does "Bow down thine ear" specifically mean in this context?**

Answer: "Bow down thine ear" (Hebrew: *natah ozen*) is a vivid metaphorical command that goes beyond simply hearing sound. It signifies a deliberate, humble posture of attentive listening. It implies an intentional leaning in, a willingness to set aside distractions, pride, or preconceived notions, and to actively make oneself receptive to the words being spoken. It's about showing respect to the speaker and demonstrating eagerness to receive and understand the instruction.

**Who are "the wise" whose words are to be heard?**

Answer: "The wise" (Hebrew: *chakam*) refers to individuals who possess practical discernment and understanding, often gained through experience, observation, and especially, through their relationship with God and His truth. In ancient Israel, this could include elders, sages, scribes, or even parents who had accumulated and lived out divine wisdom. Their words are valuable because they are rooted in a fear of the Lord and an understanding of how life truly works according to God's design. This aligns with the broader teaching of [Proverbs 1:7](/proverbs/1-7 "Proverbs 1:7 - The Fear of the Lord is the Beginning of Knowledge") that true wisdom begins with reverence for God.

**Why is "apply thine heart" emphasized, rather than just "apply your mind"?**

Answer: In Hebrew anthropology, the "heart" (Hebrew: *leb*) is far more comprehensive than the modern English understanding. It is considered the seat of the entire inner person—encompassing intellect, emotions, will, conscience, and moral decision-making. Therefore, to "apply thine heart" (Hebrew: *shith leb*) means to direct one's entire being—mind, will, and affections—towards the knowledge. It's about internalizing the wisdom so deeply that it shapes not just what you think, but also what you feel, what you desire, and how you choose to act. It demands a holistic commitment to integrate the knowledge into one's character and daily living, leading to transformation, not just information. This holistic engagement is crucial for genuine spiritual formation, as highlighted in passages like [Proverbs 4:23](/proverbs/4-23 "Proverbs 4:23 - Guard Your Heart").

### CHRIST-CENTERED FULFILLMENT
Proverbs 22:17, with its call to humble listening and heartfelt application of wisdom, finds its ultimate fulfillment and embodiment in Jesus Christ. While the Old Testament wise men offered profound insights, their wisdom was always partial and preparatory. Jesus, however, is presented as the very **Wisdom of God incarnate** ([1 Corinthians 1:30](/1_corinthians/1-30 "1 Corinthians 1:30 - Christ, Our Wisdom")). He is the one in whom "are hidden all the treasures of wisdom and knowledge" ([Colossians 2:3](/colossians/2-3 "Colossians 2:3 - Christ, the Treasure of Wisdom")). The "words of the wise" find their perfect expression in the teachings of Christ, who spoke with unparalleled authority and truth, declaring, "I am the way, and the truth, and the life" ([John 14:6](/john/14-6 "John 14:6 - Jesus, the Way, Truth, and Life")). Furthermore, the call to "apply thine heart unto my knowledge" is perfectly answered in the New Covenant, where the Spirit writes God's law on our hearts ([Hebrews 8:10](/hebrews/8-10 "Hebrews 8:10 - The New Covenant Written on Hearts")), enabling true internalization and obedience. Jesus himself invited, "Take my yoke upon you and learn from me, for I am gentle and humble in heart, and you will find rest for your souls" ([Matthew 11:29](/matthew/11-29 "Matthew 11:29 - Take My Yoke")). Thus, to bow down our ear and apply our heart to "my knowledge" is ultimately to submit to and learn from Christ, the source and sum of all true wisdom, who not only teaches us but also empowers us to live out His truth through His Spirit.

Note: Commentary is generated by AI with a directive for Biblical fidelity. Always rely on the Holy Spirit for discernment. The Scripture text and cross-references are from verified, non-AI sources.

Cross-References

Proverbs 23:12

¶ Apply thine heart unto instruction, and thine ears to the words of knowledge.

Proverbs 3:1

¶ My son, forget not my law; but let thine heart keep my commandments:

Psalms 90:12

¶ So teach [us] to number our days, that we may apply [our] hearts unto wisdom.

Proverbs 2:2

So that thou incline thine ear unto wisdom, [and] apply thine heart to understanding;

Proverbs 2:5

Then shalt thou understand the fear of the LORD, and find the knowledge of God.

Ecclesiastes 7:25

I applied mine heart to know, and to search, and to seek out wisdom, and the reason [of things], and to know the wickedness of folly, even of foolishness [and] madness:

Proverbs 1:3

To receive the instruction of wisdom, justice, and judgment, and equity;