Daniel 11:43

KJV

But he shall have power over the treasures of gold and of silver, and over all the precious things of Egypt: and the Libyans and the Ethiopians [shall be] at his steps.

KJV (with Strong's)

But he shall have power {H4910} over the treasures {H4362} of gold {H2091} and of silver {H3701}, and over all the precious {H2532} things of Egypt {H4714}: and the Libyans {H3864} and the Ethiopians {H3569} shall be at his steps {H4703}.

Complete Jewish Bible

he will control the treasures of gold and silver, as well as everything else in Egypt of value. Put and Ethiopia will be subject to him.

Berean Standard Bible

He will gain control of the treasures of gold and silver and over all the riches of Egypt, and the Libyans and Cushites will also submit to him.

American Standard Version

But he shall have power over the treasures of gold and of silver, and over all the precious things of Egypt; and the Libyans and the Ethiopians shall be at his steps.

Commentary

### SUMMARY
Daniel 11:43 continues the detailed prophecy concerning a powerful end-time ruler, often identified as the "King of the North," by describing his immense economic and military dominion. This verse highlights his total control over the vast financial resources of Egypt—specifically its gold, silver, and other precious commodities—and his subjugation of key North African nations, the Libyans and Ethiopians, who will be entirely subservient to his will. It paints a vivid picture of a global power consolidating unprecedented wealth and influence in the final days.

### CONTEXT
* **Literary Context:** Daniel 11 is renowned for its unparalleled prophetic detail, initially outlining the historical conflicts between the Seleucid (King of the North) and Ptolemaic (King of the South) dynasties. However, a significant interpretive shift occurs around [Daniel 11:36](/daniel/11-36 "Daniel 11:36 - The King Who Exalts Himself"), where the prophecy transitions from historical events to a description of a future, eschatological figure. This "king" is depicted as exalting himself above every god, operating with unprecedented arrogance and defying divine authority. Verse 43, therefore, is understood by many scholars as detailing the economic and military consolidation of power by this ultimate world ruler, setting the stage for the climactic events of the very end of the age described in the subsequent verses of [Daniel 11](/daniel/11 "Daniel 11 - Prophecy of Kings and End Times") and into [Daniel 12](/daniel/12 "Daniel 12 - The Time of the End").
* **Historical & Cultural Context:** While the initial portions of Daniel 11 accurately predict the Hellenistic period's conflicts, the latter part, including verse 43, moves beyond these historical figures. The nations mentioned—Egypt, Libya, and Ethiopia—were historically significant powers in the ancient world, often vying for influence or serving as strategic territories. Egypt, in particular, was famed for its ancient wealth and strategic location. Libya (Lubim) and Ethiopia (Cush) represent regions to the west and south of Egypt, respectively, indicating a broad sweep of control over North Africa. Their inclusion underscores the extensive reach of this future ruler's dominion, encompassing not just the Levant but also vital African territories. Culturally, the seizure of "treasures" and "precious things" was a common practice of conquering empires, signifying complete subjugation and the transfer of national sovereignty.
* **Key Themes:** This verse contributes significantly to several major themes within Daniel and broader biblical prophecy. Firstly, it emphasizes the theme of **Dominion and Plunder**, illustrating the King of the North's insatiable desire for power and wealth, which he acquires through direct appropriation and conquest. His control over "treasures of gold and of silver, and over all the precious things of Egypt" signifies not merely economic influence but outright seizure, indicative of a massive transfer of global wealth into his hands. Secondly, the verse highlights **Military and Political Subjugation**, as the phrase "the Libyans and the Ethiopians shall be at his steps" denotes their complete subservience, serving him either as subjects or as part of his military forces. This demonstrates his widespread regional and potentially global influence, echoing descriptions of universal authority found in other prophetic scriptures, such as [Revelation 13:7](/revelation/13-7 "Revelation 13:7 - The Beast's Authority Over All Peoples"). Finally, for those who interpret this section as **End-Time Prophecy**, this verse paints a vivid picture of the immense power and reach of the final world ruler, whose dominion over nations and resources sets the stage for the ultimate confrontation with God and His people, as detailed in [Daniel 12:1](/daniel/12-1 "Daniel 12:1 - Michael Stands Up").

### EXPOSITION AND ANALYSIS

#### Key Word Analysis
* **power (Hebrew, _mâshal'_):** From a primitive root meaning "to rule," this word signifies dominion, authority, and the ability to govern or reign. In Daniel 11:43, it emphasizes the extensive and absolute control the described ruler will exert over resources and nations, indicating a comprehensive and unchallenged sovereignty.
* **treasures (Hebrew, _mikman'_):** Derived from a root implying "hiding," this term refers to hidden wealth, stored valuables, or secret hoards. Its use here highlights the King of the North's ability to uncover and seize the accumulated riches, particularly of Egypt, signifying a complete appropriation of national assets.
* **steps (Hebrew, _mitsʻâd'_):** Literally meaning "a step," this word figuratively denotes companionship, being in one's train, or following closely. When applied to nations being "at his steps," it powerfully conveys their complete subjugation, indicating they are compelled to follow, serve, or accompany him as part of his retinue or forces, rather than acting as independent allies.

#### Verse Breakdown
* **"But he shall have power over the treasures of gold and of silver, and over all the precious things of Egypt:":** This clause details the economic aspect of the King of the North's dominion. The phrase "shall have power over" (from the Hebrew _mâshal_) indicates absolute control and authority, not merely influence. His dominion extends to the "treasures" (hidden wealth) of "gold and of silver," which represent the primary forms of ancient wealth, and "all the precious things of Egypt," encompassing any valuable commodities or assets. This signifies a complete economic subjugation and plunder of one of the ancient world's richest nations, consolidating immense material resources under his command.
* **"and the Libyans and the Ethiopians [shall be] at his steps.":** This clause describes the military and political subjugation of neighboring nations. Libya (Lubim) and Ethiopia (Cush) represent significant regions to the west and south of Egypt. The phrase "at his steps" is a powerful idiom indicating complete subservience, obedience, or being part of his retinue or army. It suggests these nations will not merely be allies but will be compelled to follow his command, perhaps providing manpower or resources for his campaigns, underscoring the vast geographical reach and coercive nature of his power.

#### Literary Devices
Daniel 11:43 employs several powerful literary devices to convey the magnitude of the described ruler's power. **Hyperbole** is evident in the sweeping declaration of control over "all the precious things of Egypt" and the complete subjugation of nations, emphasizing the extraordinary scale of his dominion. **Symbolism** is present in "gold and of silver" and "precious things," which symbolize not just material wealth but also the economic sovereignty and national pride of Egypt, all of which fall under his control. The phrase "at his steps" functions as a potent **Metonymy**, where the physical act of following or being in one's train stands in for the complete political and military subjugation of the Libyans and Ethiopians. This vivid imagery underscores the absolute authority and coercive power wielded by this figure.

### THEOLOGICAL AND THEMATIC CONNECTIONS
Daniel 11:43, particularly in its eschatological interpretation, offers profound theological insights into the nature of earthly power versus divine sovereignty. It portrays a future world leader who will amass unprecedented wealth and military might, seemingly unchecked in his ambition and control over nations. This immense human power, however, is always presented within the larger framework of God's overarching plan. Even the rise of such a formidable figure serves a divine purpose, ultimately leading to the establishment of God's eternal kingdom. The verse serves as a stark reminder that all earthly kingdoms, no matter how powerful or wealthy, are temporary and ultimately subject to the sovereign will of the Almighty. It highlights the transient nature of worldly authority and material possessions, contrasting them with the enduring and unshakeable reign of God.

* [Psalm 2:1-4](/psalms/2-1-4 "Psalm 2:1-4 - The Nations Rage, God Laughs")
* [Revelation 13:7-8](/revelation/13-7-8 "Revelation 13:7-8 - The Beast's Authority and Worship")
* [Daniel 2:44](/daniel/2-44 "Daniel 2:44 - God's Kingdom Endures Forever")

### REFLECTION AND APPLICATION
Daniel 11:43, while describing a future geopolitical landscape, offers timeless truths for reflection and application in our lives today. It reminds us that humanity's pursuit of power and wealth, when divorced from God's righteous standards, often leads to oppression, exploitation, and ultimately, self-destruction. The temporary, though vast, dominion of the King of the North serves as a powerful contrast to the eternal and just reign of God. For believers, this passage encourages a posture of vigilance and discernment, recognizing the deceptive allure of worldly authority and material possessions. It calls us to place our trust not in the fleeting powers of this age, but in the unchanging sovereignty of God, who orchestrates all events, even the rise and fall of empires, to fulfill His ultimate purposes. Our focus should be on building God's kingdom, which is not of this world, and investing in eternal treasures rather than perishable earthly ones.

#### Questions for Reflection
* **How does the description of the King of the North's power over wealth and nations challenge or affirm your understanding of worldly authority?**
* **In what ways might the pursuit of "gold and silver" and "precious things" distract us from eternal values?**
* **How does the transient nature of this powerful ruler's dominion encourage you to place your trust more fully in God's eternal kingdom?**
* **What practical steps can you take to prioritize God's spiritual treasures over the allure of worldly power and possessions?**

### FAQ

**Who is the "he" in Daniel 11:43, and is this prophecy about a historical figure or a future one?**

Answer: The identity of the "he" in Daniel 11:43 is a subject of significant scholarly debate. While the earlier verses of [Daniel 11](/daniel/11 "Daniel 11 - Prophecy of Kings and End Times") clearly describe historical figures like Antiochus IV Epiphanes, many biblical scholars interpret the shift beginning around [Daniel 11:36](/daniel/11-36 "Daniel 11:36 - The King Who Exalts Himself") as a transition to an eschatological, or end-time, figure. This future individual is often identified with the Antichrist or the "man of lawlessness" mentioned in the New Testament. The unparalleled scope of his power, his defiance of all gods, and the global reach of his influence described in these latter verses suggest a figure far exceeding any historical king, pointing instead to a climactic world ruler who will appear before the return of Christ.

### CHRIST-CENTERED FULFILLMENT
While Daniel 11:43 vividly portrays the temporary, oppressive dominion of an end-time adversary, its ultimate Christ-centered fulfillment lies in the stark contrast and eventual triumph of Jesus Christ's eternal and righteous kingdom. The King of the North's power is gained through plunder and subjugation, a fleeting reign built on material wealth and coerced obedience. In contrast, Jesus, though possessing "all authority in heaven and on earth" ([Matthew 28:18](/matthew/28-18 "Matthew 28:18 - All Authority Given to Jesus")), established His kingdom not by seizing earthly treasures but through self-sacrifice and humble service. His dominion is over hearts and lives, transforming them by grace, not by force. While the King of the North demands nations be "at his steps" through coercion, Christ invites willing followers to take up their cross and walk "at His steps" ([1 Peter 2:21](/1_peter/2-21 "1 Peter 2:21 - Christ's Example of Suffering")) in faith and love. Ultimately, every knee will bow and every tongue confess that Jesus Christ is Lord ([Philippians 2:9-11](/philippians/2-9-11 "Philippians 2:9-11 - Jesus Exalted Above All")), not under duress, but in recognition of His supreme worth and rightful universal sovereignty, when the kingdoms of this world truly "become the kingdom of our Lord and of His Christ" ([Revelation 11:15](/revelation/11-15 "Revelation 11:15 - The Kingdom of the World Becomes the Kingdom of Our Lord")).

Note: Commentary is generated by AI with a directive for Biblical fidelity. Always rely on the Holy Spirit for discernment. The Scripture text and cross-references are from verified, non-AI sources.

Cross-References

2 Chronicles 12:3

With twelve hundred chariots, and threescore thousand horsemen: and the people [were] without number that came with him out of Egypt; the Lubims, the Sukkiims, and the Ethiopians.

Nahum 3:9

Ethiopia and Egypt [were] her strength, and [it was] infinite; Put and Lubim were thy helpers.

Judges 4:10

¶ And Barak called Zebulun and Naphtali to Kedesh; and he went up with ten thousand men at his feet: and Deborah went up with him.

Ezekiel 30:4

And the sword shall come upon Egypt, and great pain shall be in Ethiopia, when the slain shall fall in Egypt, and they shall take away her multitude, and her foundations shall be broken down.

Ezekiel 30:5

Ethiopia, and Libya, and Lydia, and all the mingled people, and Chub, and the men of the land that is in league, shall fall with them by the sword.

Exodus 11:8

And all these thy servants shall come down unto me, and bow down themselves unto me, saying, Get thee out, and all the people that follow thee: and after that I will go out. And he went out from Pharaoh in a great anger.

Jeremiah 46:9

Come up, ye horses; and rage, ye chariots; and let the mighty men come forth; the Ethiopians and the Libyans, that handle the shield; and the Lydians, that handle [and] bend the bow.