TRV
Study This Verse
Public-domain commentary
Matthew Henry
From his Commentary on the Whole Bible. Henry comments on passages, not single verses — this entry covers Psalms 71:1–13. His four-level outline is real structure in the source text, so it is rendered as structure.
Two things in general David here prays for - that he might not be confounded and that his enemies and persecutors might be confounded.
I.He prays that he might never be made ashamed of his dependence upon God nor disappointed in his believing expectations from him.
With this petition every true believer may come boldly to the throne of grace; for God will never disappoint the hope that is of his own raising. Now observe here,
1.How David professes his confidence in God, and with what pleasure and grateful variety of expression he repeats his profession of that confidence, still presenting the profession of it to God and pleading it with him. We praise God, and so please him, by telling him (if it be indeed true) what an entire confidence we have in him (Psa 71:1): "In thee, O Lord! and in thee only, do I put my trust. Whatever others do, I choose the God of Jacob for my help." Those that are entirely satisfied with God's all-sufficiency and the truth of his promise, and in dependence upon that, as sufficient to make them amends, are freely willing to do and suffer, to lose and venture, for him, may truly say, In thee, O Lord! do I put my trust. Those that will deal with God must deal upon trust; if we are shy of dealing with him, it is a sign we do not trust him. Thou art my rock and my fortress (Psa 71:3); and again, "Thou art my refuge, my strong refuge" (Psa 71:7); that is, "I fly to thee, and am sure to be safe in thee, and under thy protection. If thou secure me, none can hurt me. Thou art my hope and my trust" (Psa 71:5); that is, "thou hast proposed thyself to me in thy word as the proper object of my hope and trust; I have hoped in thee, and never found it in vain to do so."
2.How his confidence in God is supported and encouraged by his experiences (Psa 71:5, Psa 71:6): "Thou hast been my trust from my youth; ever since I was capable of discerning between my right hand and my left, I stayed myself upon thee, and saw a great deal of reason to do so; for by thee have I been holden up from the womb." Ever since he had the use of his reason he had been a dependent upon God's goodness, because ever since he had had a being he had been a monument of it. Note, The consideration of the gracious care which the divine Providence took of us in our birth and infancy should engage us to an early piety and constant devotedness to his honour. He that was our help from our birth ought to be our hope from our youth. If we received so much mercy from God before we were capable of doing him any service, we should lose no time when we are capable. This comes in here as a support to the psalmist in his present distress; not only that God had given him his life and being, bringing him out of his mother's bowels into the world, and providing that he should not die from the womb, nor give up the ghost when he came out of the belly, but that he had betimes made him one of his family: "Thou art he that took me out of my mother's bowels into the arms of thy grace, under the shadow of thy wings, into the bond of thy covenant; thou tookest me into thy church, as a son of thy handmaid, and born in thy house, Psa 116:16. And therefore," (1.) "I have reason to hope that thou wilt protect me; thou that hast held me up hitherto wilt not let me fall now; thou that madest me wilt not forsake the work of thy own hands; thou that helpedst me when I could not help myself wilt not abandon me now that I am as helpless as I was then." (2.) "Therefore I have reason to resolve that I will devote myself unto thee: My praise shall therefore be continually of thee;" that is, "I will make it my business every day to praise thee and will take all occasions to do it."
3.What his requests to God are, in this confidence.
(1.)That he might never be put to confusion (Psa 71:1), that he might not be disappointed of the mercy he expected and so made ashamed of his expectation. Thus we may all pray in faith that our confidence in God may not be our confusion. Hope of the glory of God is hope that makes not ashamed.
(2.)That he might be delivered out of the hand of his enemies (Psa 71:2): "Deliver me in thy righteousness. As thou art the righteous Judge of the world, pleading the cause of the injured and punishing the injurious, cause me in some way or other to escape" (God will, with the temptation, make a way to escape, Co1 10:13): "Incline thy ear unto my prayers, and, in answer to them, save me out of my troubles, Psa 71:4. Deliver me, O my God! out of the hands of those that are ready to pull me in pieces." Three things he pleads for deliverance: - [1.] The encouragement God had given him to expect it: Thou hast given commandment to save me (Psa 71:3); that is, thou hast promised to do it, and such efficacy is there in God's promises that they are often spoken of as commands, like that, Let there be light, and there was light. He speaks, and it is done. [2.] The character of his enemies; they are wicked, unrighteous, cruel men, and it will be for the honour of God to appear against them (Psa 71:4), for he is a holy, just, and good God. [3.] The many eyes that were upon him (Psa 71:7): "I am as a wonder unto many; every one waits to see what will be the issue of such extraordinary troubles as I have fallen into and such extraordinary confidence as I profess to have in God." Or, "I am looked upon as a monster, am one whom every body shuns, and therefore am undone if the Lord be not my refuge. Men abandon me, but God will not."
(3.)That he might always find rest and safety in God (Psa 71:3): Be thou my strong habitation; by thou to me a rock of repose, whereto I may continually resort. Those that are at home in God, that live a life of communion with him and confidence in him, that continually resort unto him by faith and prayer, having their eyes ever towards him, may promise themselves a strong habitation in him, such as will never fall of itself nor can ever be broken through by any invading power; and they shall be welcome to resort to him continually upon all occasions, and not be upbraided as coming too often.
(4.)That he might have continual matter for thanksgiving to God, and might be continually employed in that pleasant work (Psa 71:8): "Let my mouth be filled with thy praise, as now it is with my complaints, and then I shall not be ashamed of my hope, but my enemies will be ashamed of their insolence." Those that love God love to be praising him, and desire to be doing it all the day, not only in their morning and evening devotions, not only seven times a day (Psa 119:164), but all the day, to intermix with all they say something or other that may redound to the honour and praise of God. They resolve to do it while they live; they hope to be doing it eternally in a better world.
(5.)That he might not be neglected now in his declining years (Psa 71:9): Cast me not off now in the time of my old gage; forsake me not when my strength fails. Observe here,
[1.]The natural sense he had of the infirmities of age: My strength fails. Where there was strength of body and vigour of mind, strong sight, a strong voice, strong limbs, alas! in old age they fail; the life is continued, but the strength is gone, or that which is his labour and sorrow, Psa 90:10.
[2.]The gracious desire he had of the continuance of God's presence with him under these infirmities: Lord, cast me not off; do not then forsake me. This intimates that he should look upon himself as undone if God should abandon him. To be cast off and forsaken of God is a thing to be dreaded at any time, especially in the time of old age and when our strength fails us; for it is God that is the strength of our heart. But it intimates that he had reason to hope God would not desert him; the faithful servants of God may be comfortably assured that he will not cast them off in old age, nor forsake them when their strength fails them. He is a Master that is not wont to cast off old servants. In this confidence David here prays again (Psa 71:12): "O God! be not far from me; let me not be under the apprehension of thy withdrawings, for then I am miserable. I my God! a God in covenant with me, make haste for my help, lest I perish before help come."
II.He prays that his enemies might be made ashamed of their designs against him. Observe,
1.What it was which they unjustly said against him, Psa 71:10, Psa 71:11. Their plot was deep and desperate; it was against his life: They lay wait for my soul (Psa 71:10), and are adversaries to that, Psa 71:13. Their powers and policies were combined: They take counsel together. And very insolent they were in their deportment: They say, God has forsaken him; persecute and take him. Here their premises are utterly false, that because a good man was in great trouble and had continued long in it, and was not so soon delivered as perhaps he expected, therefore God had forsaken him and would have no more to do with him. All are not forsaken of God who think themselves so or whom others think to be so. And, as their premises were false, so their inference was barbarous. If God has forsaken him, then persecute and take him, and doubt not but to make a prey of him. This is talking to the grief of one whom God has smitten, Psa 69:26. But thus they endeavour to discourage David, as Sennacherib endeavoured to intimidate Hezekiah by suggesting that God was his enemy and fought against him. Have I now come up without the Lord against this city, to destroy it? Isa 36:10. It is true, if God has forsaken a man, there is none to deliver him; but therefore to insult over him ill becomes those who are conscious to themselves that they deserve to be for ever forsaken of God. But rejoice not against me, O my enemy! though I fall, I shall rise. He that seems to forsake for a small moment will gather with everlasting kindness.
2.What it was which he justly prayed for, from a spirit of prophecy, not a spirit of passion (Psa 71:13): "Let them be confounded and consumed that are adversaries to my soul. If they will not be confounded by repentance, and so saved, let them be confounded with everlasting dishonour, and so ruined." God will turn into shame the glory of those who turn into shame the glory of God and his people.
Historical interpretation
Historical Reception
One surviving comment on this verse from the historical church.
"As it were a monster I have become unto many" [Psalm 71:7]. Here in time of hope, in time of groaning, in time of humiliation, in time of sorrow, in time of infirmity, in time of the voice from the fetters— here then what? "As it were a monster I have become unto many." Why, "As it were a monster"? Why do they insult me that think me a monster? Because I believe that which I see not. For they being happy in those things which they see, exult in drink, in wantonness, in chamberings, in covetousness, in riches, in robberies, in secular dignities, in the whitening of a mud wall, in these things they exult: but I walk in a different way, contemning those things which are present, and fearing even the prosperous things of the world, and secure in no other thing but the promises of God. And they, "Let us eat and drink, for tomorrow we die." [1 Corinthians 15:32] What do you say? Repeat it: "let us eat," he says, "and drink." Come now, what have you said afterwards? "for tomorrow we die." You have terrified, not led me astray. Certainly by the very thing which you have said afterwards, you have stricken me with fear to consent with you. "For tomorrow we die," you have said: and there has preceded, "Let us eat and drink." For when you had said, "Let us eat and drink;" you added, "for tomorrow we die." Hear the other side from me, "Yea let us fast and pray, 'for tomorrow we die.'" I keeping this way, strait and narrow, "as it were a monster have become unto many: but You are a strong helper." Be with me, O Lord Jesus, to say to me, faint not in the narrow way, I first have gone along it, I am the way itself, [John 14:6] I lead, in Myself I lead, unto Myself I lead home. Therefore though "a monster I have become unto many;" nevertheless I will not fear, for "You are a strong Helper."
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Summary
Psalms 71:7 poignantly captures the psalmist's profound experience of public vulnerability and scrutiny, contrasting it sharply with his unwavering and absolute trust in God as his unshakeable sanctuary. It articulates the tension of feeling like a spectacle to human observers while simultaneously finding ultimate security and identity in the divine, highlighting how God remains a steadfast refuge even when one's circumstances invite public astonishment or questioning.
Context
Literary Context
Psalm 71 is a deeply personal prayer, likely from an elderly individual, possibly David, who is facing significant adversity, including enemies and those who wish him ill. It stands as a testament to a lifelong relationship with God, recounting divine faithfulness from youth and pleading for continued deliverance in old age. The preceding verses establish this profound, enduring dependence, with the psalmist declaring, "For you are my hope, O Lord God; you are my trust from my youth. Upon you I have leaned from birth; you are he who took me from my mother's womb. My praise is continually of you" as he states in Psalms 71:5-6. Verse 7, therefore, emerges from this backdrop of lifelong reliance, introducing a specific challenge—how the psalmist is perceived by others—before immediately reasserting his ultimate source of security in God. The psalm continues to plead for God's presence and deliverance, emphasizing the psalmist's weakness and God's strength.
Historical & Cultural Context
In ancient Near Eastern societies, suffering, especially in old age, was often interpreted as a sign of divine displeasure or a lack of favor, leading to public scrutiny and even scorn. To be "a wonder unto many" (Hebrew: môpēth) could imply being an object of astonishment, a spectacle, or even an ominous sign, which would have carried significant social stigma and emotional weight. People would observe the psalmist's trials and perhaps question his righteousness or God's justice. The concept of "refuge" (Hebrew: maḥaseh) was deeply rooted in the physical and political realities of the ancient world, where literal strongholds, fortresses, or cities of refuge offered protection from enemies or avengers. The psalmist's declaration that God is his "strong refuge" translates this tangible need for physical safety into a profound spiritual truth, asserting God's absolute capacity to protect and shelter him from all forms of harm and judgment, both physical and social.
Key Themes
This verse contributes to several overarching themes within the Psalter and broader biblical narrative. Firstly, it underscores the theme of Vulnerability and Public Scrutiny, portraying the psalmist as exposed and observed, perhaps even mocked, due to his circumstances. This resonates with the experience of many biblical figures who faced public shame or misunderstanding, such as Job or Jeremiah. Secondly, it powerfully highlights the theme of Divine Refuge and Strength, presenting God as an impenetrable shelter and an unshakeable source of security, a concept frequently found in the Psalms, as seen in the declaration, "God is our refuge and strength, a very present help in trouble". Thirdly, and perhaps most profoundly, the verse articulates the Contrast Between Human Perception and Divine Reality. Despite how humans might view a person—as an object of wonder, pity, or scorn—the ultimate reality for the believer is that their true security, identity, and worth are found solely in God. This juxtaposition serves to affirm God's steadfastness over fleeting human judgment, a truth echoed throughout Scripture, for example, in God's promise to be with His people through trials as found in Isaiah 43:2.
Exposition and Analysis
Key Word Analysis
This term (H4159) carries a range of meanings, including a sign, omen, portent, or a miraculous demonstration. In the context of Psalms 71:7, it signifies that the psalmist has become an object of astonishment, an unusual sight, or even a negative example in the eyes of others due to his suffering. It suggests that his trials are so severe or unusual that they elicit public curiosity, questioning, or even a sense of foreboding, making him a spectacle. It implies that people are observing his plight and perhaps drawing conclusions about divine judgment or the absence of God's favor.
This word (H5797) denotes strength, might, or power in various applications. When applied to God as a refuge, it emphasizes the absolute, unyielding, and formidable nature of the protection He provides. It suggests that God's capacity to shelter and defend is not merely adequate but overwhelming and invincible, ensuring complete security against any threat or adversary.
This word (H4268) denotes a place of shelter, protection, or asylum. It conveys the idea of a safe haven where one can find security from danger, enemies, or distress. Coupled with "strong," it emphasizes the absolute and unshakeable nature of the protection God provides. It is not a temporary hiding place but an enduring, powerful, and impenetrable sanctuary, signifying God's complete reliability and sufficiency as a protector.
Verse Breakdown
"I am as a wonder unto many"
This clause reveals the psalmist's acute awareness of how he is perceived by others. His suffering, trials, or unique circumstances have made him conspicuous, an object of public observation and astonishment. This "wonder" is likely not positive admiration but rather a gaze of curiosity, perhaps mixed with pity, skepticism, or even disdain, as people observe his distress and perhaps question the nature of his relationship with God or the justice of his plight. It speaks to the deep vulnerability of feeling exposed and misunderstood in one's pain.
"but thou art my strong refuge."
In stark and powerful contrast to the preceding clause, this declaration pivots immediately to the psalmist's ultimate source of security. Despite being an object of public scrutiny and potential scorn, his true and unshakeable reality is found in God. God is not merely a temporary shelter but a "strong refuge"—a steadfast, impenetrable, and unfailing sanctuary. This phrase expresses absolute trust and confidence in God's protective power, affirming that divine security transcends human judgment and external circumstances.
Literary Devices
The verse employs several potent literary devices to convey its message. Most prominent is Contrast, which is central to the verse's impact. The psalmist juxtaposes his public perception ("I am as a wonder unto many") with his private reality of divine protection ("but thou art my strong refuge"). This stark opposition highlights the disparity between human judgment and God's unwavering faithfulness. The phrase "strong refuge" functions as a Metaphor, portraying God not literally as a physical shelter but as an all-encompassing, secure, and impenetrable sanctuary for the psalmist's soul and life. This metaphorical language effectively communicates God's protective nature in a tangible way. Additionally, the phrase "unto many" could be seen as a form of Hyperbole, emphasizing the widespread nature of the psalmist's perceived vulnerability and the intensity of the public gaze, thereby magnifying the relief and power of God's singular, unwavering protection.
Theological and Thematic Connections
Psalms 71:7 profoundly speaks to the theological truth of God's unwavering faithfulness and sovereignty, particularly in the face of human vulnerability and suffering. It asserts that true security and identity are not found in human approval or the absence of trials, but exclusively in God. The psalmist's experience of being a "wonder" to others—a potential object of curiosity, pity, or even scorn—highlights the often-misguided nature of human judgment, especially when confronted with suffering. Yet, in the midst of this public exposure, the declaration "but thou art my strong refuge" serves as a powerful affirmation of divine steadfastness. This verse reminds us that God remains our ultimate stronghold, an unshakeable fortress against all external pressures and internal anxieties, demonstrating His character as a reliable and ever-present help for those who trust in Him, regardless of their circumstances or how the world perceives them.
Reflection and Application
In a world that often judges by outward appearance, success, or freedom from struggle, Psalms 71:7 offers profound solace and a corrective perspective. When our lives, circumstances, or trials make us feel exposed, misunderstood, or even an object of curiosity or pity to others, this verse calls us to shift our gaze from human perception to divine reality. It reminds us that our true security, worth, and identity are not defined by how "many" see us, but by who God is to us—our "strong refuge." This means that even when our suffering is public, our peace can remain private and profound, rooted in God's unshakeable presence. It encourages us to embrace God as our ultimate sanctuary, a place where we are fully known, loved, and protected, regardless of external judgments or the severity of our trials. This deep trust allows us to persevere with dignity and hope, knowing that our ultimate safety is secured in Him.
Questions for Reflection
FAQ
What does "I am as a wonder unto many" truly mean in the context of the psalmist's experience?
This phrase means the psalmist felt like an object of public astonishment, curiosity, or even a spectacle due to his severe suffering or unusual circumstances. In ancient cultures, prolonged or intense suffering was often seen as a sign of divine disfavor, leading people to observe the afflicted with a mix of wonder, pity, or even judgment. The psalmist likely felt exposed and scrutinized, his trials making him conspicuous to a broad audience, perhaps leading them to question his righteousness or God's justice in his life. This feeling of being a "wonder" highlights his deep vulnerability and the social burden of his affliction.
How can God be a "strong refuge" if the psalmist is still experiencing public suffering?
The "strong refuge" God provides is not necessarily an immediate removal of all outward suffering or public scrutiny, but rather an internal, spiritual, and ultimate security that transcends external circumstances. It means that despite the public's gaze and the pain of his trials, the psalmist's core being, his hope, and his ultimate safety are anchored in God. God is his impenetrable sanctuary, protecting his spirit, preserving his faith, and ensuring his ultimate deliverance and vindication. This refuge is a source of strength and peace in the midst of the storm, rather than an assurance that the storm will immediately cease. It speaks to God's unwavering presence and protective power over the psalmist's soul, even when his body or reputation are under attack. This concept is beautifully echoed in the New Testament, where believers are promised peace in Christ even amidst tribulation as found in John 16:33.
Christ-Centered Fulfillment
Psalms 71:7 finds its ultimate and profound fulfillment in the person and work of Jesus Christ. While the psalmist experienced being "a wonder unto many" due to his personal suffering and perceived vulnerability, Jesus became the ultimate "wonder" in His suffering, not for His own sin, but for the sins of the world. He was publicly exposed, scrutinized, mocked, and made a spectacle on the cross, fulfilling prophecies that spoke of His rejection and humiliation. He was despised and rejected by men, a man of sorrows and acquainted with grief, becoming an object of astonishment and scorn to those who witnessed His crucifixion, a truly unprecedented "wonder" of divine love and human depravity. Yet, in that ultimate moment of public vulnerability and perceived weakness, Jesus's unwavering trust was in His Father, who was His "strong refuge." He committed His spirit into the Father's hands, finding His ultimate security and vindication in God even in death. Through His perfect obedience and sacrificial death, Christ became our "strong refuge," the one in whom we can find shelter from the judgment of sin and the scrutiny of the world. Just as the psalmist found security in God amidst his trials, believers now find their ultimate refuge in Christ, who has overcome the world and offers an eternal, unshakeable sanctuary for all who believe.