The Hebrew word ʻôz, represented by H5797, is a foundational term for strength. It appears 93 times across 92 unique verses. Derived from the root verb ʻâzaz H5810, which means to be strong, ʻôz encompasses a wide range of applications, including force, security, majesty, power, and even loudness in sound.
Beyond its foundational sense of raw power, H5797 often imbues a sense of inherent or vested strength, distinguishing it from mere transient force. It can denote the very essence of robustness, whether in a physical entity, a spiritual attribute, or a strategic advantage. This nuance allows H5797 to describe not just an action of being strong, but a state of being strong that confers stability and resilience. For instance, when the "ark of thy strength" is mentioned 2 Chronicles 6:41, it refers to the ark as the embodiment or symbol of God's powerful presence, rather than just an object that has strength. Similarly, in contexts describing human attributes, H5797 can denote a deep-seated fortitude, as seen in the virtuous woman who "girdeth her loins with strength" Proverbs 31:17, indicating an inner resolve and capacity for labor.
In scripture, H5797 is frequently used to describe the power and might of God. God's very nature is characterized by this attribute, as stated in the Psalms: "power belongeth unto God" Psalms 62:11. This strength is not kept to Himself; He gives it to His people Psalms 29:11 and acts as their personal strength and shield Psalms 28:7. The term is also used to describe places of security, such as a "strong tower" Proverbs 18:10 or a "strong city" Isaiah 26:1. In a broader sense, it can describe the might of a king 1 Samuel 2:10 or the loudness of a voice Psalms 68:33 or musical instruments 2 Chronicles 30:21.
While God's strength is consistently portrayed as unwavering, H5797 is also employed in contexts that highlight the transience or vulnerability of human and national strength. Prophets frequently use H5797 to lament or prophesy the downfall of earthly powers, indicating that even the most formidable human might is ultimately subject to divine will. For example, God declares, "I will break the pride of your power" Leviticus 26:19, and speaks of bringing down Egypt's "pomp of her strength" Ezekiel 30:18 and causing the "excellency of your strength" to cease in the sanctuary Ezekiel 24:21. These instances demonstrate that strength, when detached from its divine source or used in defiance of God, is destined to fail and be brought to nothing, serving as a stark reminder of humanity's finite capabilities compared to the infinite power of the Almighty.
Several related words provide a fuller picture of the biblical concept of strength:
- H5810 ʻâzaz: As the root verb, this word means to be stout, prevail, or be strong. It describes the state of being strong or the act of strengthening oneself Proverbs 21:29.
- H4581 mâʻôwz: This term refers to a fortified place, a fortress, or a defense. It is often used figuratively to describe God as a stronghold for His people in times of trouble Nahum 1:7.
- H3581 kôach: This word describes vigor, force, ability, or capacity. It is often used to describe the power to get wealth Deuteronomy 8:18 or the strength that God renews in those who wait for Him Isaiah 40:31.
- H2428 chayil: This word refers to a force of men, valor, or strength, often in the context of an army or resources. It is famously used in the phrase, "Not by might, nor by power, but by my spirit" Zechariah 4:6.
- H5794 ʻaz (strong, fierce): This adjective directly relates to H5797 by describing the quality of being strong or mighty. It often characterizes individuals, nations, or even animals, providing the adjectival form of the noun H5797.
- H5807 ʻĕzûwz (strength, might): A closely related noun, H5807 often carries a similar meaning to H5797, emphasizing active might or power. It functions as a synonym or intensifying form, further articulating the concept of robust strength.
The theological significance of H5797 is profound, defining God's nature and His relationship with humanity.
- Divine Power and Majesty: God is clothed in strength and majesty Psalms 93:1. His might is demonstrated in His works, such as dividing the sea Psalms 74:13 and scattering His enemies Psalms 89:10. This power is an inherent part of His character.
- Strength as a Refuge: God's strength provides security and a place of refuge for the righteous. The name of the LORD is a strong tower Proverbs 18:10, and God Himself is a refuge and strength in trouble Psalms 46:1. This divine strength is the basis for the believer's confidence Proverbs 14:26.
- Strength as a Gift to be Sought: Believers are commanded to seek the LORD and His strength (1 Chronicles 16:11, Psalms 105:4). Strength is given to God's people Psalms 68:35 and to His servants Psalms 86:16, enabling them to stand firm and rejoice. In response, they are to give glory and strength back to God in praise 1 Chronicles 16:28.
- Strength as a Basis for Worship and Praise: H5797 is repeatedly linked with expressions of worship, song, and praise, indicating that God's strength is not merely a theological concept but a lived experience that prompts adoration. The psalmist proclaims, "The LORD is my strength and song, and is become my salvation" Psalms 118:14, and calls to "Sing aloud unto God our strength" Psalms 81:1. This demonstrates that recognizing and experiencing God's H5797 naturally leads to a joyful and public declaration of His greatness, forming a core component of Israel's liturgy and personal devotion.
- The Paradox of Human Weakness and Divine Strength: While humans are often tempted to rely on their own H5797 or external fortifications, scripture contrasts this with the true, ultimate source of power. The wisdom of man, though it may shine, is distinct from the strength that comes from God Ecclesiastes 8:1. The narrative of Ezra, who was "ashamed to require of the king a band of soldiers. because we had spoken unto the king, saying, The hand of our God is upon all them for good that seek him; but his power and his wrath is against all them that forsake him" Ezra 8:22, powerfully illustrates the conviction that divine strength is superior to any human or military might, especially for those who seek God.
The Hebrew term H5797 (ʻôz) is a multifaceted word that profoundly shapes the biblical understanding of strength, extending far beyond mere physical capacity. It serves as a foundational descriptor for God's inherent nature, portraying Him as the ultimate source of power, majesty, and security. This divine H5797 is not abstract; it is actively manifested in His works, from the creation of the world to the deliverance of His people, and provides an unwavering refuge for the righteous. The call to "seek the LORD and his strength" 1 Chronicles 16:11 underscores the active pursuit required by believers to tap into this divine resource, which God graciously bestows upon His people, enabling them to navigate life's challenges.
However, the lexicon entry for H5797 also reveals a critical distinction between divine and human strength. While God's H5797 is eternal and unyielding, human and national strength is consistently depicted as transient and subject to divine judgment. Prophets frequently highlight how earthly powers, despite their formidable might, can have their H5797 broken or brought to an end by God, serving as a powerful reminder that true and lasting security is found only in Him. This vulnerability of human H5797 contrasts sharply with God's enduring power, reinforcing the theological truth that reliance on self or earthly fortifications is ultimately futile.
H5797 is deeply intertwined with expressions of worship and praise. The experience of God's strength in salvation and protection elicits songs and declarations of adoration from His people, making H5797 a central theme in psalms and hymns. This connection emphasizes that God's power is not just a concept to be understood, but a reality to be experienced and celebrated, forming a vital component of biblical spirituality and communal faith. Ultimately, H5797 encapsulates both the awe-inspiring might of the Creator and the comforting assurance He provides, directing all glory and honor back to Him as the steadfast rock and salvation of His people.
TRV