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circa 1050–1010 BC
Samuel & King Saul
Israel demands a king; Samuel anoints Saul, whose disobedience leads to his rejection as God chooses a man after his own heart.
- 1 Samuel 23:28c. 1061 BC
So Sha'ul stopped chasing David and went to fight the P'lishtim. Therefore they called that place Sela-Hamachlekot [rock of divisions].
- 1 Samuel 23:29c. 1061 BC
From there David went up and lived in the strongholds of 'Ein-Gedi.
- 1 Samuel 24:1c. 1061 BC
When Sha'ul returned from pursuing the P'lishtim, he was told that David was in the desert at 'Ein-Gedi.
- 1 Samuel 24:2c. 1061 BC
Sha'ul took three thousand men chosen from all Isra'el and went searching for David and his men on the cliffs where the mountain goats are.
- 1 Samuel 24:3c. 1061 BC
Near some sheep pens along the way was a cave, and Sha'ul went inside to relieve himself. It happened that David and his men were sitting in the recesses at the back of the cave;
- 1 Samuel 24:4c. 1061 BC
and David's men said to him, "Look! The day has come that ADONAI told you about when he said to you, 'I will turn your enemy over to you, and you will do to him whatever seems good to you.'"Then David stole over unobserved and cut off the corner of Sha'ul's cloak.
- 1 Samuel 24:5c. 1061 BC
But after doing this, David felt remorse over cutting Sha'ul's garment.
- 1 Samuel 24:6c. 1061 BC
He said to his men, "ADONAI forbid that I should do such a thing to my lord, ADONAI's anointed, as raise my hand against him! After all, he is ADONAI's anointed."
- 1 Samuel 24:7c. 1061 BC
By saying this, David stopped his men and would not let them do anything to Sha'ul. Sha'ul got up, left the cave and went on his way.
- 1 Samuel 24:8c. 1061 BC
Then David too got up and went outside the cave, where he called after Sha'ul, "My lord the king!" When Sha'ul looked behind him, David bowed with his face to the ground and prostrated himself.
- 1 Samuel 24:9c. 1061 BC
David said to Sha'ul, "Why do you listen to people who say, 'David is out to harm you?'
- 1 Samuel 24:10c. 1061 BC
Here, today you have seen with your own eyes that ADONAI put you in my power there in the cave. Some of my men said I should kill you, but I spared you; I said, 'I won't raise my hand against my lord, because he is ADONAI's anointed.'
- 1 Samuel 24:11c. 1061 BC
Moreover, my father, look! Here in my hand you see the corner of your cloak. By the fact that I only cut off a piece of your cloak and didn't kill you, you can see and understand that I have no plan to do harm or rebel, and that I haven't sinned against you -even though you are seeking every chance you get to take my life.
- 1 Samuel 24:12c. 1061 BC
May ADONAI judge between you and me, and may ADONAI avenge me on you! But I will not lay a hand on you -
- 1 Samuel 24:13c. 1061 BC
as the old saying has it, 'Out of the wicked comes wickedness, but I will not lay a hand on you.'
- 1 Samuel 24:14c. 1061 BC
The king of Isra'el has come on a campaign - after whom? Whom are you chasing? A dead dog! A single flea!
- 1 Samuel 24:15c. 1061 BC
ADONAI be the judge; let him decide between you and me. May he take my side and rescue me from your power!"
- 1 Samuel 24:16c. 1061 BC
After David had finished speaking to Sha'ul, Sha'ul said, "Is that your voice, my son David?" Then Sha'ul cried out and wept;
- 1 Samuel 24:17c. 1061 BC
and he said to David, "You are more righteous than I, because you have treated me well, while I have been treating you badly.
- 1 Samuel 24:18c. 1061 BC
You have made it clear to me today that you have done me good; for when ADONAI put my fate in your hands, you didn't kill me.
- 1 Samuel 24:19c. 1061 BC
A man finds his enemy and lets him go unharmed?! May ADONAI reward you well for what you did to me today.
- 1 Samuel 24:20c. 1061 BC
Now I'm certain that you will indeed become king, and that the kingship of Isra'el will be established in your hands.
- 1 Samuel 24:21c. 1061 BC
So swear to me by ADONAI that you will not kill my descendants after I die or blot out my name from my father's family."
- 1 Samuel 24:22c. 1061 BC
David swore to Sha'ul, and Sha'ul went home, but David and his men went back up to the stronghold.
- 1 Samuel 25:1c. 1060 BC
Sh'mu'el died. All of Isra'el assembled to mourn him and bury him at his home in Ramah. Then David set out and went down to the Pa'ran Desert.