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Public-domain commentary
Matthew Henry
From his Commentary on the Whole Bible. Henry comments on passages, not single verses — this entry covers Mark 10:46–52. His two-level outline is real structure in the source text, so it is rendered as structure.
This passage of story agrees with that, Mat 20:29, etc. Only that there were told of two blind men; here, and Luk 18:35, only of one: but if there were two, there was one. This one is named here, being a blind beggar that was much talked of; he was called Bartimeus, that is, the son of Timeus; which, some think, signifies the son of a blind man; he was the blind son of a blind father, which made the case worse, and the cure more wonderful, and the more proper to typify the spiritual cures wrought by the grace of Christ, on those that not only are born blind, but are born of those that are blind.
I.This blind man sat begging; as they do with us.
Note, Those who by the providence of God are disabled to get a livelihood by their own labour, and have not any other way of subsisting, are the most proper objects of charity; and particular care ought to be taken of them.
II.He cried out to the Lord Jesus for mercy; Have mercy on me, O Lord, thou Son of David.
Misery is the object of mercy, his own miserable case he recommends to the compassion of the Son of David, of whom it was foretold, that, when he should come to save us, the eyes of the blind should be opened, Isa 35:5. In coming to Christ for help and healing, we should have an eye to him as the promised Messiah, the Trustee of mercy and grace.
III.Christ encouraged him to hope that he should find mercy; for he stood still, and commanded him to be called.
We must never reckon it a hindrance to us in our way, to stand still, when it is to do a good work. Those about him, who had discouraged him at first, perhaps were now the persons that signified to him the gracious call of Christ; "Be of good comfort, rise, he calls thee; and if he calls thee, he will cure thee." Note, The gracious invitations Christ gives us to come to him, are great encouragements to our hope, that we shall speed well if we come to him, and shall have what we come for. Let the guilty, the empty, the tempted, the hungry, the naked, be of good comfort, for he calls them to be pardoned, to be supplied, to be succoured, to be filled, to be clothed, to have all that done for them, which their case calls for.
IV.The poor man, hereupon, made the best of his way to Christ; He cast away his loose upper garment, and came to Jesus (Mar 10:50); he cast away every thing that might be in danger of throwing him down, or might in any way hinder him in coming to Christ, or retard his motion. Those who would come to Jesus, must cast away the garment of their own sufficiency, must strip themselves of all conceit of that, and must free themselves from every weight, and the sin that, like long garments, doth most easily beset them, Heb 12:1.
V.The particular favour he begged, was, that his eyes might be opened; that so he might be able to work for his living, and might be no longer burthensome to others. It is a very desirable thing to be in a capacity of earning our own bread; and where God has given men their limbs and senses, it is a shame for men by their foolishness and slothfulness to make themselves, in effect, blind and lame.
VI.This favour he received; his eyes were opened (Mar 10:52); and two things Mark here adds, which intimate,
1.How Christ made it a double favour to him, by putting the honour of it upon his faith; "Thy faith hath made thee whole; faith in Christ as the Son of David, and in his pity and power; not thy importunity, but thy faith, setting Christ on work, or rather Christ setting thy faith on work." Those supplies are most comfortable, that are fetched in by our faith.
2.How he made it a double favour to himself; When he had received his sight, he followed Jesus by the way. By this he made it appear that he was thoroughly cured, that he no more needed one to lead him, but could go himself; and by this he evidenced the grateful sense he had of Christ's kindness to him, that, when he had his sight, he made this use of it. It is not enough to come to Christ for spiritual healing, but, when we are healed, we must continue to follow him; that we may do honour to him, and receive instruction from him. Those that have spiritual eye-sight, see that beauty in Christ, that will effectually draw them to run after him.
Historical interpretation
Nine Centuries of Reception
8 surviving comments on this verse. Each one is dated, so this reads as a timeline rather than a list.
Select a marker to jump to its quote. Markers stagger vertically where authors wrote within a few decades of each other.
But Jesus, considering his ready will, rewards him with the fulfilment of his desire.
But the blindness in part, brought upon the Jews, will in the end be enlightened when He sends unto them the Prophet Elias. (Rom. 11:25)
The people of the Jews also, because it kept the Scriptures and did not fulfil them, begs and starves by the wayside; but he cries out, Son of David, have mercy upon me, because the Jewish people is enlightened by the merits of the Prophets. Many rebuke him that he may hold his peace, that is, sins and devils restrain the cry of the poor; and he cried the more, because when the battle waxes great, hands are to be lifted up with crying to the Rock of help, that is, Jesus of Nazareth.
Again, the Jewish people comes leaping, stripped of the old man, as a hart leaping on the mountains, that is, laying aside sloth, it meditates on Patriarchs, Prophets, and Apostles on high, and raises itself to heights of holiness. How consistent also is the order of salvation. First we heard by the Prophets, then we cry aloud by faith, next we are called by Apostles, we rise up by penitence, we are stripped of our old garment by baptism, and of our choice we are questioned. Again, the blind man when asked requires, that he may see the will of the Lord.
Or, this is the way of which He said, I am the Way, the Truth, and the Life. This is the narrow way, which leads to the heights of Jerusalem, and Bethany, to the mount of Olives, which is the mount of light and consolation.
(in Matt. tom. xvi. 13) As if he said, Those who were foremost in believing rebuked him when he cried, Thou Son of David, that he might hold his peace, and cease to call Him by a contemptible name, when he ought to say, Son of God, have pity upon me. He however did not cease; wherefore it goes on: But he cried the more a great deal, Thou Son of David, have mercy upon me; and the Lord heard his cry; wherefore there follows: And Jesus stood still, and commanded him to be called. But observe, that the blind man, of whom Luke speaks, is inferior to this one; for neither did Jesus call him, nor order him to be called, but He commanded him to be brought to Him, as though unable to come by himself; but this blind man by the command of our Lord is called to Him. Wherefore it goes on: And they call the blind man, saying unto him, Be of good comfort, rise, he calleth thee; but he casting away his garment, comes to Him. It goes on: And he casting away his garment, rose, and came to Jesus. Perchance, the garment of the blind man means the veil of blindness and poverty, with which he was surrounded, which he cast away and came to Jesus; and the Lord questions him, as he is approaching. Wherefore there follows: And Jesus answered and said unto him, What will thou that I should do unto thee.
The name of the city agrees with the approaching Passion of our Lord; for it is said, And they came to Jericho. Jericho means moon or anathema; but the failing of the flesh of Christ is the preparation of the heavenly Jerusalem. It goes on: And as he went out of Jericho with his disciples, and a great number of people, blind Bartimæus, the son of Timæus, sat by the wayside begging.
(Vict. Ant. e Cat. in Marc.) The blind man calls the Lord, the Son of David, hearing the way in which the passing multitude praised Him, and feeling sure that the expectation of the prophets was fulfilled. There follows: And many charged him that he should hold his peace.t
But when we persist intensely in our prayer, we fix Jesus as He passes by in our mind. Behold, He who was passing by before now stands still, because while we still suffer the crowds of phantasms in prayer, we perceive Jesus as somewhat passing by. But when we persist intensely in prayer, Jesus stands still to restore our sight, because God is fixed in the heart, and the lost light is restored.
And Jesus stood still and commanded him to be called. Here stands He who previously was passing by. In this matter, the Lord intimates something from which knowledge of His humanity and divinity can be usefully understood. For He heard the blind man crying out while passing by, but standing, He exhibited the miracle of illumination. And they called the blind man, saying to him, "Take heart; rise, He is calling you." The Lord calls the blind man crying out to Him, when to the people of nations desiring the knowledge of truth, He entrusts the word of faith through holy preachers. Truly, those who call the blind man, tell him to take heart, to rise, and come to the Lord. When preaching the word to the untaught, they tell them to have hope of salvation, to arise from the lethargy of vices, and to equip themselves for the pursuit of virtues by which they may merit illumination. Saying with the prophet: "Approach him and be enlightened" (Psalm 34); and again: "Arise, you who sleep, and rise from the dead, and Christ will illuminate you" (Ephesians 5). And because the early Church from the Gentiles was so fervent with the desire for the promised light in Christ, that many, having forsaken the world's resources, followed the evangelical life naked, in order to merit to have eternal treasure in heaven, it is rightly added about the blind man being illuminated:
(ubi sup.) He did not say, however, that He gave His life a ransom for all, but for many, that is, for those who would believe on Him.
(ubi sup.) Matthew says, that there were two blind men sitting by the wayside, who cried to the Lord, and received their sight; but Luke relates that one blind man was enlightened by Him, with a like order of circumstances, as He was going into Jericho; where no one, at least no wise man, will suppose that the Evangelists wrote things contrary to one another, but that one wrote more fully, what another has left out. We must therefore understand that one of them was the more important, which appears from this circumstance, that Mark has related his name and the name of his father.
(ubi sup.) Could He who was able to restore sight be ignorant of what the blind man wanted? His reason then for asking is that prayer may be made to Him; He puts the question, to stir up the blind man's heart to pray.
For the blind man looks down upon every gift except light, because, whatever a blind man may possess, without light he cannot see what he possesses.
(ubi sup.) In a mystical sense, however, Jericho, which means the moon, points out the waning of our fleeting race. The Lord restored sight to the blind man, when drawing near to Jericho, because coming in the flesh and drawing near to His Passion, He brought many to the faith; for it was not in the first years of His Incarnation, but in the few years before He suffered, that He showed the mystery of the Word to the world.
(ubi sup.) Now in that on approaching Jericho, He restored sight to one man, and on quitting it to two, He intimated, that before His Passion He preached only to one nation, the Jews, but after His resurrection and ascension, through His Apostles He opened the mysteries both of His Divinity and His Humanity to Jews and Gentiles. Mark indeed, in writing that one received his sight, refers to the saving of the Gentiles, that the figure might agree with the salvation of those, whom he instructed in the faith; but Matthew, who wrote his Gospel to the faithful among the Jews, because it was also to reach the knowledge of the Gentiles, fitly says that two received their sight, that He might teach us that the grace of faith belonged to each people. Therefore, as the Lord was departing with His disciples and a great multitude from Jericho, the blind man was sitting, begging by the way-side; that is, when the Lord ascended into heaven, and many of the faithful followed Him, yea when all the elect from the beginning of the world entered together with Him the gate of heaven,u, presently the Gentile people began to have hope of its own illumination; for it now sits begging by the wayside, because it has not entered upon and reached the path of truth.
Again, the people of the Gentiles, having heard of the fame of the name of Christ, sought to be made a partaker of Him, but many spoke against Him, first the Jews, then also the Gentiles, lest the world which was to be enlightened should call upon Christ. The fury of those who attacked Him, however, could not deprive of salvation those who were fore-ordained to life. And He heard the blind man's cry as He was passing, but stood when He restored his sight, because by His Humanity He pitied him, who by the power of His Divinity has driven away the darkness from our mind; for in that Jesus was born and suffered for our sakes, He as it were passed by, because this action is temporal; but when God is said to stand, it means, that, Himself without change, He sets in order all changeable things. But the Lord calls the blind man, who cries to Him, when He sends the word of faith to the people of the Gentiles by preachers; and they call on the blind man to be of good cheer and to rise, and bid him come to the Lord, when by preaching to the simple, they bid them have hope of salvation, and rise from the sloth of vice, and gird themselves for a life of virtue. Again, he throws away his garment and leaps, who, throwing aside the bands of the world, with unencumbered pace hastens to the Giver of eternal light.
(ubi sup.) Therefore let us also imitate him, let us not seek for riches, earthly goods, or honours from the Lord, but for that Light, which we alone with the Angels can see, the way to which is faith; wherefore also Christ answers to the blind man, Thy faith hath saved thee. But he sees and follows who works what his understanding tells him is good; for he follows Jesus, who understands and executes what is good, who imitates Him, who had no wish to prosper in this world, and bore reproach and derision. And because we have fallen from inward joy, by delight in the things of the body, He shows us what bitter feelings the return thither will cost us.
The mind of the blind man is grateful, for when he was made whole, he did not leave Jesus, but followed Him.
Further, it says that he followed the Lord in the way, that is, in this life, because after it all are excluded who follow Him not here, by working His commandments.
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Summary
Mark 10:49 marks a pivotal moment in the narrative of blind Bartimaeus, showcasing Jesus' profound compassion and divine authority. Despite the surrounding noise and His own pressing journey toward Jerusalem, Jesus deliberately halts His procession to respond directly to the persistent cry of a marginalized individual. This verse beautifully illustrates how Jesus' authoritative command transforms the crowd from an obstacle into a messenger of hope, inviting Bartimaeus into the presence of the One who can grant him sight and solace.
Context
Literary Context
This verse is intricately woven into the broader narrative of Jesus' final journey from Jericho to Jerusalem, a path that culminates in His crucifixion and resurrection. Immediately preceding this, Bartimaeus, a blind beggar, has been persistently crying out, "Jesus, thou son of David, have mercy on me!" (Mark 10:47). The crowd, annoyed by his disruptive shouts, attempts to silence him (Mark 10:48). Verse 49 represents a dramatic reversal, as Jesus' direct intervention not only acknowledges Bartimaeus but also re-directs the crowd's energy from suppression to invitation, highlighting Jesus' unique attentiveness to the needy and His sovereign control over circumstances. This incident serves as the final healing miracle recorded in Mark's Gospel before Jesus enters Jerusalem, underscoring its significance as a demonstration of His messianic power and compassion before His ultimate sacrifice.
Historical & Cultural Context
Jericho was a significant city, strategically located on the main pilgrimage route from Galilee to Jerusalem. As Jesus passed through, He would have been accompanied by a large crowd of pilgrims. In ancient Jewish society, blindness was a severe disability, often associated with sin or divine judgment, leading to social marginalization and economic destitution. Blind individuals like Bartimaeus were typically reduced to begging for survival, often positioned at city gates or along busy roads where they could solicit alms. The title "Son of David" was a deeply significant messianic appellation, identifying Jesus as the long-awaited King from David's lineage who would restore Israel. Bartimaeus' use of this title indicates a profound theological understanding and desperate faith, recognizing Jesus' true identity despite his physical blindness.
Key Themes
This passage powerfully contributes to several overarching themes within Mark's Gospel. Firstly, it underscores Jesus' profound compassion and availability to the marginalized and suffering. Even amidst a crucial journey towards His destiny, Jesus demonstrates His willingness to be interrupted by individual human need, a consistent motif throughout His ministry, as seen in His healing of the woman with the issue of blood. Secondly, it highlights the power of persistent faith and the efficacy of crying out to Jesus, contrasting Bartimaeus' unwavering plea with the crowd's initial attempt to silence him. Thirdly, the verse showcases Jesus' divine authority not only over physical ailments but also over human will, as His single command transforms the crowd's disposition. Finally, it emphasizes the transformative nature of Jesus' call, as His personal invitation brings comfort, hope, and ultimately, restoration, echoing the broader call to discipleship found in passages like Mark 1:17.
Exposition and Analysis
Key Word Analysis
This verb signifies a deliberate halt, a fixed position, or to cause to stand. In this context, it emphasizes Jesus' intentional cessation of movement amidst a journey to attend to Bartimaeus. It's not a casual pause but a purposeful act of stopping His entire procession, demonstrating His sovereign control and focused compassion, prioritizing the individual's desperate plea over the momentum of His journey or the expectations of the crowd.
Derived from a root meaning "courage" or "boldness," this imperative verb means "to take courage," "to be bold," or "to cheer up." It's a command to overcome fear, anxiety, or despair. When used by Jesus, as here and in other contexts like Matthew 9:2, it serves as a powerful reassurance, inviting the recipient to shed their apprehension and embrace hope, knowing that Jesus is present and responsive.
This verb means "to waken," "to rouse," "to lift up," or "to raise." While literally commanding Bartimaeus to stand up, it carries deeper implications of being roused from a state of inactivity, obscurity, or even spiritual death. It is the same word often used for resurrection, suggesting a profound transformation from one state to another. Here, it signifies Bartimaeus' transition from a passive, marginalized beggar to an active participant in his own healing and, subsequently, a follower of Jesus.
Verse Breakdown
"And Jesus stood still"
This phrase highlights Jesus' deliberate and compassionate interruption of His journey. Despite the urgency of His mission to Jerusalem and the clamor of the crowd, He chooses to halt, demonstrating His attentiveness to the cry of a single, marginalized individual. This act underscores His sovereignty and His willingness to be moved by human need.
"and commanded him to be called."
This is a powerful display of Jesus' authority. He doesn't just stop; He issues a direct command that shifts the entire dynamic. The crowd, which moments before was rebuking Bartimaeus, is now compelled by Jesus' word to facilitate his approach. This command transforms the crowd from an obstacle into a conduit for God's grace.
"And they call the blind man, saying unto him"
This clause shows the immediate obedience and transformation of the crowd. They respond to Jesus' command, turning from silencing Bartimaeus to actively summoning him. This demonstrates the compelling power of Jesus' word, which can even redirect human intentions and actions.
"Be of good comfort, rise; he calleth thee."
These words, spoken by the crowd but originating from Jesus' command, are filled with profound encouragement and hope. "Be of good comfort" (tharséō) is an imperative to shed fear and take heart, while "rise" (egeírō) is a call to action and a foreshadowing of the physical and spiritual restoration to come. The final declaration, "he calleth thee," is the ultimate source of comfort and motivation, signifying a personal, divine invitation that validates Bartimaeus' desperate cries and promises a direct encounter with the Messiah.
Literary Devices
Mark 10:49 is rich in Irony, particularly in the crowd's sudden shift. Previously, they rebuked Bartimaeus for his persistence (Mark 10:48), but upon Jesus' command, they become the very messengers of hope, urging him to approach Jesus. This reversal highlights Jesus' transformative power, not only over individuals but also over group dynamics. There is also a strong Contrast between Jesus' deliberate stillness and the chaotic movement and noise of the crowd, emphasizing His calm authority amidst the tumult. The Imperative Mood is prominent in the commands "Be of good comfort" and "rise," which are not mere suggestions but authoritative calls to action, empowering Bartimaeus to respond. Finally, the narrative employs Foreshadowing through the command "rise." While a literal instruction to stand, it subtly anticipates Bartimaeus' subsequent spiritual "rising" into new life and discipleship after his sight is restored (Mark 10:52), linking physical healing to spiritual transformation.
Theological and Thematic Connections
This verse profoundly illustrates the nature of God's attentiveness and the power of His personal call. Jesus, embodying divine compassion, does not merely acknowledge Bartimaeus' cry from a distance but actively stops and commands his presence, demonstrating that no one is too insignificant or marginalized to capture the Lord's full attention. The message conveyed by the crowd—"Be of good comfort, rise; he calleth thee"—is a microcosm of the Gospel itself: an invitation to shed fear, embrace hope, and respond to the personal summons of Christ. This divine initiative transforms both the recipient and the surrounding community, turning those who once hindered into facilitators of grace. It underscores that true spiritual sight begins with hearing and responding to Jesus' voice, a call that promises not just physical healing but holistic restoration and purpose.
Reflection and Application
Mark 10:49 offers profound insights into the character of Jesus and our own spiritual journey. Just as Jesus deliberately stopped for Bartimaeus, He continues to be attentive to the individual cries of His people today. We can take immense comfort in knowing that our Lord is never too busy, too distant, or too preoccupied with grander plans to hear and respond to our personal needs, fears, and desperate prayers. This passage encourages us to cultivate a persistent faith, crying out to Him with confidence, knowing that His call is always one of comfort, hope, and invitation to new life. Furthermore, it challenges us to consider our own role in the spiritual landscape. Are we, like the initially hindering crowd, sometimes obstacles to others approaching Jesus, or do we, like the transformed crowd, become agents of encouragement, sharing the good news that "He calleth thee"? This calls us to actively invite and facilitate others' encounters with Christ, recognizing that our words can carry the very comfort and hope that leads someone to their Savior.
Questions for Reflection
FAQ
Why did Jesus "stand still" for a blind beggar?
Jesus' act of standing still was a deliberate and profound demonstration of His compassion, authority, and the inversion of societal values. In a culture where the marginalized were often ignored, Jesus intentionally interrupted His journey, which was leading Him to His ultimate purpose in Jerusalem, to attend to a single, desperate individual. This act underscores that no one is too insignificant for His divine attention, and it highlights His willingness to be moved by human suffering, prioritizing an individual's need over the momentum of a crowd or the urgency of a schedule. It also asserts His authority, as His halt immediately commanded the attention and obedience of those around Him.
What is the significance of the crowd's change of heart from silencing Bartimaeus to calling him?
The crowd's transformation is highly significant. Initially, they tried to silence Bartimaeus, reflecting common societal attitudes towards beggars and those who disrupted order. However, upon Jesus' command to call him, their demeanor completely shifts. This change illustrates the powerful, transformative influence of Jesus' word and presence. It shows that Jesus not only responds to the needy but also has the power to redirect human intentions and actions. The crowd becomes an unwilling but obedient instrument of God's grace, turning from an obstacle to a facilitator, demonstrating that even those who initially hinder can be used by God to bring others to Christ.
What does the phrase "Be of good comfort, rise; he calleth thee" truly convey?
This phrase, spoken by the crowd at Jesus' behest, is packed with theological and emotional weight. "Be of good comfort" (Greek tharséō) is an imperative that means "take courage," "cheer up," or "be bold." It's a direct command to shed fear, anxiety, and despair, inviting Bartimaeus into a state of hope and confidence. "Rise" (Greek egeírō) is a literal command to stand up, but also carries the spiritual implication of being roused from a state of passivity or spiritual darkness into active engagement and new life. The culminating declaration, "he calleth thee," is the ultimate source of comfort and motivation. It signifies a personal, divine invitation from Jesus Himself, validating Bartimaeus' persistent cries and assuring him of a direct, life-changing encounter with the One who holds all power and compassion.
Christ-Centered Fulfillment
Mark 10:49, with Jesus' compassionate halt and authoritative call to Bartimaeus, powerfully foreshadows the broader redemptive work of Christ. Bartimaeus, blind and marginalized, represents humanity's spiritual condition apart from God—lost in darkness, unable to see the truth, and often silenced by the world. Jesus, the true Light of the World, deliberately steps into this darkness, interrupting the course of human history to address our deepest need. His command to call Bartimaeus, and the subsequent message "Be of good comfort, rise; he calleth thee," is the very essence of the Gospel: a personal, divine invitation to those who are spiritually blind (2 Corinthians 4:4) to come to Him for sight and salvation. This call is not merely an offer of physical healing but an invitation to new life, to be raised from spiritual death to life in Him, much like the resurrection of Lazarus. Jesus, as the Good Shepherd, knows His sheep by name and calls them out of their former state into His glorious presence. Bartimaeus' immediate response and subsequent following of Jesus (Mark 10:52) illustrates the proper response to Christ's saving call, culminating in a life of discipleship that finds its ultimate fulfillment in the One who gave His life as a ransom for many.