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circa 1010–970 BC
The Reign of David
David unites the tribes, conquers Jerusalem, and establishes Israel's golden age—even through deep personal failure.
- 2 Samuel 17:24c. 1023 BC
David had reached Machanayim by the time Avshalom and all the men of Isra'el crossed the Yarden.
- 2 Samuel 17:25c. 1023 BC
Avshalom had put 'Amasa in charge of the army in place of Yo'av. 'Amasa was the son of a man whose name was Yitra the Isra'eli, who had had sexual relations with Avigal the daughter of Nachash, Tz'ruyah's sister and Yo'av's mother.
- 2 Samuel 17:26c. 1023 BC
Isra'el and Avshalom pitched camp in the land of Gil'ad.
- 2 Samuel 17:27c. 1023 BC
After David had arrived in Machanayim, Shovi the son of Nachash, from Rabbah of the people of 'Amon; Machir the son of 'Ammi'el from Lo-D'var and Barzillai the Gil'adi from Roglim
- 2 Samuel 17:28c. 1023 BC
brought beds, basins, clay pots, wheat, barley, flour, roasted grain, beans, lentils, roasted millet,
- 2 Samuel 17:29c. 1023 BC
honey, curdled milk, sheep and cheese made of cow's milk for David and the people with him to eat; because they said, "These people are hungry, tired and thirsty from the desert."
- 2 Samuel 18:1c. 1023 BC
David took a census of the people who were with him and appointed over them commanders of thousands and of hundreds.
- 2 Samuel 18:2c. 1023 BC
Then David dispatched the people, a third of them under the command of Yo'av, a third under Avishai the son of Tz'ruyah, Yo'av's brother, and a third under Ittai the Gitti; and the king said to the people, "I will also go out with you, myself."
- 2 Samuel 18:3c. 1023 BC
But the people replied, "Don't go out; because if we flee, they won't care about us. Even if half of us die, they won't care about us. But you are worth ten thousand of us; so it is better now that you stay in the city and be ready if we need help."
- 2 Samuel 18:4c. 1023 BC
The king answered them, "I will do whatever you think best." So the king stood at the side of the gate, while all the people went out by hundreds and by thousands.
- 2 Samuel 18:5c. 1023 BC
The king gave orders to Yo'av, Avishai and Ittai, "For my sake, deal gently with young Avshalom."All the people were listening when the king gave all the commanders this order concerning Avshalom.
- 2 Samuel 18:6c. 1023 BC
So the people went out into the field against Isra'el; the battle took place in the forest of Efrayim.
- 2 Samuel 18:7c. 1023 BC
The people of Isra'el were defeated there by David's servants; there was a terrible slaughter that day of 20,000 men.
- 2 Samuel 18:8c. 1023 BC
For the battle there was spread all over the countryside; the forest devoured more people that day than did the sword.
- 2 Samuel 18:9c. 1023 BC
Avshalom happened to meet some of David's servants. Avshalom was riding his mule, and as the mule walked under the thick branches of a big terebinth tree, his head got caught in the terebinth, so that he was left hanging between earth and sky, as the mule went on from under him.
- 2 Samuel 18:10c. 1023 BC
Someone saw it and told Yo'av, "I saw Avshalom hanging in a terebinth."
- 2 Samuel 18:11c. 1023 BC
Yo'av asked the man who told him, "Here now, you saw it; so why didn't you strike him to the ground then and there? I would have had to give you ten pieces of silver and a belt besides."
- 2 Samuel 18:12c. 1023 BC
The man replied to Yo'av, "Even if I were to get a thousand pieces of silver, I still wouldn't raise my hand against the son of the king! After all, while we were listening, the king ordered you, Avishai and Ittai, 'Be careful that no one touches young Avshalom.'
- 2 Samuel 18:13c. 1023 BC
Or, if I had pretended that I didn't know, the king would have known otherwise anyway; and you wouldn't have interceded for me either."
- 2 Samuel 18:14c. 1023 BC
Yo'av said, "I can't waste time arguing with you!" He took three darts in his hand and rammed them through Avshalom's heart while he was still alive, hanging from the terebinth.
- 2 Samuel 18:15c. 1023 BC
Then Yo'av's ten young armor-bearers surrounded Avshalom, struck him and killed him.
- 2 Samuel 18:16c. 1023 BC
Yo'av sounded the shofar, and the people returned from pursuing Isra'el, because Yo'av held back the troops.
- 2 Samuel 18:17c. 1023 BC
They took Avshalom and threw him into a big pit in the forest and piled a big heap of stones over him. All Isra'el fled, each one to his tent.
- 2 Samuel 18:18c. 1023 BC
In his own lifetime Avshalom had taken and raised for himself the pillar which stands in the King's Valley; because he said, "I don't have a son to preserve the memory of my name." So he named the pillar after himself, and it's called Avshalom's Monument to this day.
- 2 Samuel 18:19c. 1023 BC
Then Achima'atz the son of Tzadok said, "Let me run now and bring news to the king that ADONAI has judged in his favor by releasing him from his enemies."