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“Elisha Raises the Boy”· 2 Kings 4:33–37
Translation
King James Version
Then he returned, and walked in the house to and fro; and went up, and stretched himself upon him: and the child sneezed seven times, and the child opened his eyes.
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KJV (with Strong's)
Then he returned H7725, and walked H3212 in the house H1004 to H259 H2008 and fro H259 H2008; and went up H5927, and stretched H1457 himself upon him: and the child H5288 sneezed H2237 seven H7651 times H6471, and the child H5288 opened H6491 his eyes H5869.
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Complete Jewish Bible
Then he went down, walked around in the house awhile, went back up and stretched himself out on the child again. The child sneezed seven times, then opened his eyes.
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Berean Standard Bible
Elisha turned away and paced back and forth across the room. Then he got on the bed and stretched himself out over the boy again, and the boy sneezed seven times and opened his eyes.
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American Standard Version
Then he returned, and walked in the house once to and fro; and went up, and stretched himself upon him: and the child sneezed seven times, and the child opened his eyes.
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World English Bible Messianic
Then he returned, and walked in the house once back and forth; and went up, and stretched himself on him. Then the child sneezed seven times, and the child opened his eyes.
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Geneva Bible (1599)
And hee went from him, and walked vp and downe in the house, and went vp and spred himselfe vpon him: then the childe neesed seuen times, and opened his eyes.
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Young's Literal Translation
and he turneth back and walketh in the house, once hither and once thither, and goeth up and stretcheth himself upon him, and the youth sneezeth till seven times, and the youth openeth his eyes.
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Summary

2 Kings 4:35 culminates the miraculous narrative of the Shunammite woman's son, vividly depicting his resurrection through the prophet Elisha's persistent and intimate intercession. Following a period of intense spiritual engagement and physical contact, Elisha's actions lead to the child's dramatic return to life, evidenced by a series of sneezes and the opening of his eyes, unequivocally demonstrating God's sovereign power over death and His compassionate response to unwavering faith.

Context

Literary Context

This verse serves as the powerful climax of a profound narrative arc that begins with the Shunammite woman's hospitality towards Elisha in 2 Kings 4:8. In gratitude, Elisha prophesied that she, despite her advanced age and barrenness, would conceive and bear a son (2 Kings 4:16), a promise miraculously fulfilled. Years later, this beloved child suddenly died (2 Kings 4:18-20). Driven by profound grief but unwavering faith, the Shunammite woman immediately sought Elisha. His servant Gehazi's initial attempt to revive the child with Elisha's staff proved futile (2 Kings 4:29-31). Elisha then arrived, entered the room where the child lay, and engaged in deep, personal intercession, initially stretching himself upon the child (2 Kings 4:34), then walking to and fro, and finally repeating the intimate physical act that directly precedes the child's revival in this verse. This sequence underscores Elisha's earnestness, the spiritual intensity required, and God's ultimate, life-giving power.

Historical & Cultural Context

In ancient Israel, prophets like Elisha functioned as direct spokesmen for God, often validating their divine commission through miraculous deeds. The raising of the dead was an extraordinarily rare and powerful event, serving as a profound demonstration of God's absolute sovereignty over life and death, a power uniquely attributed to Him alone (Deuteronomy 32:39). Elisha's act of "stretching himself upon" the child intentionally mirrors a similar, intimate action performed by his predecessor, Elijah, when he raised the widow's son in Zarephath (1 Kings 17:21). This repetition suggests a recognized prophetic posture for intense, life-imparting intercession, emphasizing the continuity of divine power through God's chosen prophets. Within the cultural understanding of death as a definitive finality, this miracle would have been profoundly impactful, reinforcing the prophet's divine authority and, more importantly, God's unique and unparalleled power to restore life.

Key Themes

The overarching theme of 2 Kings 4 and specifically this verse is God's sovereignty over life and death. This miracle powerfully demonstrates that no situation, not even the finality of death, is beyond God's power to intervene and reverse. It also profoundly underscores the power of earnest, persistent prophetic intercession, as Elisha acts as a conduit for God's life-giving power, highlighting the critical importance of fervent prayer in desperate circumstances. Furthermore, the narrative emphasizes God's compassion and faithfulness, responding to the Shunammite woman's unwavering faith and deep sorrow with a profound act of restoration. The complete and undeniable revival of the child, signaled by the sneezes and opened eyes, serves as a testament to God's desire to bring full and unmistakable restoration and to honor the faith of those who seek Him.

Exposition and Analysis

Key Word Analysis

stretched gâhar' H1457

This primitive root (H1457) means "to prostrate oneself; cast self down, stretch self." In this context, it describes Elisha lying full-length upon the child, making intimate physical contact—mouth to mouth, eyes to eyes, hands to hands—as detailed in the preceding verse. This action symbolizes a profound spiritual identification and an intense, empathetic intercession, serving as a conduit for God's life-giving power. It is an act of deep spiritual wrestling and connection.

sneezed zârar' H2237

This primitive root (H2237) means "perhaps to diffuse, i.e. (specifically) to sneeze." The act of sneezing here is the first, clear physiological sign of restored breath and vitality. It indicates that the child's respiratory system, which had ceased functioning in death, was now fully operational, forcefully expelling air. This is a concrete, undeniable, and audible sign that life has returned to the body, marking the turning point of the miracle.

seven shebaʻ' H7651

This primitive cardinal number (H7651) means "seven (as the sacred full one); also (adverbially) seven times." The number "seven" holds significant symbolic weight in biblical numerology, often representing completeness, perfection, or divine action and fulfillment. Here, the seven sneezes emphasize the thoroughness, certainty, and divine orchestration of the child's revival. It signifies not a partial or ambiguous return to life, but a full, divinely confirmed restoration, leaving no doubt about the miracle's absolute nature.

Verse Breakdown

"Then he returned, and walked in the house to and fro;"

After his initial, intimate attempt to revive the child, Elisha withdraws, indicating a period of renewed spiritual engagement. This "walking to and fro" suggests a time of fervent prayer, deep meditation, or agonizing spiritual wrestling, possibly seeking further divine guidance or gathering strength for a renewed effort. It underscores the prophet's earnestness, persistence, and profound reliance on God's power rather than his own.

"and went up, and stretched himself upon him:"

This phrase marks Elisha's second, renewed attempt at the intimate, life-imparting posture. The repetition of this action, mirroring his initial physical contact, signifies a concentrated effort and a profound spiritual and physical connection with the dead child. It highlights Elisha's role as God's instrument, serving as a conduit for the divine power that would bring life back to the boy.

"and the child sneezed seven times,"

This is the dramatic and undeniable first sign of life. The sneezes indicate the restoration of breath and the full functioning of the respiratory system. The number seven emphasizes the completeness and certainty of the miracle, a clear, unmistakable, and audibly verifiable sign that life has fully returned, leaving no room for doubt.

"and the child opened his eyes."

This is the final, conclusive evidence of the child's full revival and consciousness. The opening of the eyes signifies awareness, perception, and a complete return to the living world. This visual confirmation, following the audible sneezes, provides irrefutable proof of the miraculous nature of the event to Elisha and, subsequently, to the Shunammite woman.

Literary Devices

The passage employs several potent Literary Devices to heighten its impact and convey its theological message. Repetition is prominently featured in Elisha's actions, particularly his "stretching himself upon him" (first described in 2 Kings 4:34 and repeated here). This repetition emphasizes the intensity and persistence of Elisha's intercession and also creates a sense of prophetic continuity by mirroring Elijah's actions in a similar miracle. Symbolism is powerfully utilized through the number "seven" in "sneezed seven times." As a number representing completeness, perfection, and divine action in biblical thought, it signifies the absolute, undeniable, and divinely orchestrated nature of the child's full restoration to life. The sneezing itself functions as a vivid Metonymy or Synecdoche, where a part (the expulsion of breath) stands for the whole (the return of life and vitality). The entire scene is imbued with Dramatic Irony, as Gehazi's earlier, detached attempt with the staff failed, while Elisha's intimate, prayerful, and persistent engagement ultimately succeeds, powerfully highlighting the true source of power and the necessity of genuine spiritual connection rather than mere ritual.

Theological and Thematic Connections

This miraculous resurrection in 2 Kings 4:35 stands as a profound testament to God's absolute sovereignty over life and death, demonstrating His power to reverse even the most final of human experiences. It reveals a God who is not distant but intimately involved in the suffering of His people, capable of responding to fervent intercession with astonishing acts of restoration. The narrative underscores the prophetic office as a channel for divine power, yet ultimately points to God as the sole Giver and Sustainer of life. This Old Testament miracle serves as a powerful foreshadowing of greater resurrections to come, preparing the reader for the ultimate triumph over death and the promise of new life.

Reflection and Application

The account of the Shunammite woman's son's resurrection offers profound encouragement and vital lessons for believers today. It reminds us that no situation, no matter how dire or seemingly irreversible, is truly beyond God's power. In moments of utter despair, when circumstances in our lives or the lives of those we love seem "dead" or beyond hope, this story calls us to unwavering faith in the God who gives and restores life. Elisha's persistent, intimate, and prayerful engagement underscores the transformative power of fervent intercession. It challenges us to move beyond superficial prayers, to wrestle in the spirit, and to persist in seeking God's intervention, even when initial attempts yield no visible results. Moreover, the narrative beautifully illustrates God's deep compassion for His people, demonstrating His willingness to turn profound sorrow into overwhelming joy. It invites us to trust in His character, knowing that He cares deeply about our pain and possesses the power to bring about unexpected restoration and renewal in our lives, whether physical, emotional, or spiritual, for His glory and our good.

Questions for Reflection

  1. How does this account challenge your understanding of God's power and sovereignty over life and death in your own life's circumstances?
  2. What does Elisha's persistent intercession, including his "walking to and fro" and repeated stretching, teach us about the nature of prayer, especially in desperate situations?
  3. In what "dead" areas of your life, or the lives of those you pray for, do you need to exercise unwavering faith in God's power to restore and revive?

FAQ

Why did Gehazi fail to raise the child, but Elisha succeed?

Gehazi's failure highlights that divine miracles are not mechanical acts or magical rituals, but expressions of God's sovereign power flowing through His chosen vessels in His timing and manner. Gehazi attempted to use Elisha's staff as a mere instrument, perhaps lacking the spiritual depth, intimate prayer, and personal identification with the suffering that characterized Elisha's approach. Elisha, on the other hand, engaged in fervent, personal intercession, physically connecting with the child and wrestling in prayer, demonstrating a profound reliance on God's power rather than a mere object. This distinction underscores that true power resides in God and is channeled through faith and earnest communion, not through a formulaic application of symbols or detached obedience, as seen in the contrasting outcomes of 2 Kings 4:31 and 2 Kings 4:35.

What is the significance of the child sneezing seven times?

The detail that the child sneezed "seven times" is highly significant. In biblical numerology, the number seven often symbolizes completeness, perfection, or divine action and fulfillment. Here, the seven sneezes serve as an undeniable and emphatic sign of the child's full and complete return to life. It indicates that his respiratory system was fully functional, expelling air with force, leaving no room for doubt about the miraculous nature of the revival. It was a definitive, divinely confirmed sign that the miracle was total and irreversible, a perfect restoration of life, leaving no ambiguity for Elisha or the Shunammite woman.

Christ-Centered Fulfillment

The miraculous resurrection of the Shunammite woman's son by Elisha, while a powerful demonstration of God's life-giving power through His prophet, ultimately foreshadows the ultimate Life-Giver, Jesus Christ. Elisha was a servant and a conduit, acting as an instrument of God's power, but Jesus is the very source of life, declaring, "I am the resurrection and the life. Whoever believes in me, though he die, yet shall he live" (John 11:25). Just as Elisha brought breath back to a dead child, Jesus commanded the dead to rise by His own inherent authority, as seen in His raising of Jairus's daughter (Luke 8:54-55), the widow's son at Nain (Luke 7:14-15), and most dramatically, Lazarus from the tomb after four days (John 11:43-44). These acts were not merely prophetic miracles but irrefutable demonstrations of His inherent divine authority over death. The ultimate fulfillment, however, lies in Christ's own glorious resurrection from the grave (Romans 6:4), which conquered death once and for all and provides the promise of eternal life and resurrection for all who trust in Him (1 Corinthians 15:20-22). Thus, the sneezes of the Shunammite's son echo through history, pointing to the breath of new life offered to all humanity through Jesus, who came that we "may have life and have it abundantly" (John 10:10).

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Public-domain commentary

Matthew Henry

From his Commentary on the Whole Bible. Henry comments on passages, not single verses — this entry covers 2 Kings 4:18–37. His four-level outline is real structure in the source text, so it is rendered as structure.

1662–1714 · 20 verses
Passage under comment2 Kings 4:18–37
I. II. Main points1. 2. Sub-points(1.) (2.) Details[1.] [2.] Fine details

We may well suppose that, after the birth of this son, the prophet was doubly welcome to the good Shunammite. He had thought himself indebted to her, but henceforth, as long as she lives, she will think herself in his debt, and that she can never do too much for him. We may also suppose that the child was very dear to the prophet, as the son of his prayers, and very dear to the parents, as the son of their old age. But here is,

I.The sudden death of the child, though so much a darling.

he was so far past the perils of infancy that he was able to go to the field to his father, who no doubt was pleased with his engaging talk, and his joy of his son was greater than the joy of his harvest; but either the cold or the heat of the open field overcame the child, who was bred tenderly, and he complained to his father that his head ached, Kg2 4:19. Whither should we go with our complaints, but to our heavenly Father? Thither the Spirit of adoption brings believers with all their grievances, all their desires, teaching them to cry, with groanings that cannot be uttered, "My head, my head; my heart, my heart." The father sent him to his mother's arms, his mother's lap, little suspecting any danger in his indisposition, but hoping he would drop asleep in his mother's bosom and awake well; but the sickness proved fatal; he slept the sleep of death (Kg2 4:20), was well in the morning and dead by noon: all the mother's care and tenderness could not keep him alive. A child of promise, a child of prayer, and given in love, yet taken away. Little children lie open to the arrests of sickness and death. But how admirably does the prudent pious mother guard her lips under this surprising affliction! Not one peevish murmuring word comes from her. She has a strong belief that the child will be raised to life again: like a genuine daughter of Abraham's faith, as well as loins, she accounts that God is able to raise him from the dead, for thence at first she received him in a figure, Heb 11:19. She had heard of the raising of the widow's son of Sarepta, and that the spirit of Elijah rested on Elisha; and such confidence had she of God's goodness that she was very ready to believe that he who so soon took away what he had given would restore what he had now taken away. By this faith women received their dead raised to life, Heb 11:35. In this faith she makes no preparation for the burial of her dead child, but for its resurrection; for she lays him on the prophet's bed (Kg2 4:21), expecting that he will stand her friend. O woman! great is thy faith. he that wrought it would not frustrate it.

II.The sorrowful mother's application to the prophet on this sad occasion; for it happened very opportunely that he was now at the college upon Mount Carmel, not far off.

1.She begged leave of her husband to go to the prophet, yet not acquainting him with her errand, lest he should not have faith enough to let her go, Kg2 4:22. He objected, It is neither new moon nor sabbath (Kg2 4:23), which intimates that on those feasts of the Lord she used to go to the assembly in which he presided, with other good people, to hear the word, and to join with him in prayers and praises. She did not think it enough to have his help sometimes in her own family, but, though a great woman, attended on public worship, for which this was none of the times appointed; therefore, said the husband, "why wilt thou go to day? What is the matter?" "No harm," said she, "It shall be well, so you will say yourself hereafter." See how this husband and wife vied with each other in showing mutual regard; she was so dutiful to him that she would not go till she had acquainted him with her journey, and he so kind to her that he would not oppose it, though she did not think fit to acquaint him with her business.

2.She made all the haste she could to the prophet (Kg2 4:24), and he, seeing her at a distance, sent his servant to enquire whether any thing was amiss, Kg2 4:25, Kg2 4:26. The questions were particular: Is it well with thee? Is it well with thy husband? Is it well with the child? Note, It well becomes the men of God, with tenderness and concern, to enquire about the welfare of their friends and their families. The answer was general It is well. Gehazi was not the man that she came to complain to, and therefore she put him off with this; she said little, and little said is soon amended (Psa 39:1, Psa 39:2), but what she did say was very patient: "It is well with me, with my husband, with the child" - all well, and yet the child dead in the house. Note, When God calls away our dearest relations by death it becomes us quietly to say, "It is well both with us and them;" it is well, for all is well that God does; all is well with those that are gone if they have gone to heaven, and all well with us that stay behind if by the affliction we are furthered in our way thither.

3.When she came to the prophet she humbly reasoned with him concerning her present affliction. She threw herself at his feet, as one troubled and in grief, which she never showed till she came to him who, she believed, could help her, Kg2 4:27. When her passion would do her service she knew how to discover it, as well as how to conceal it when it would do her disservice. Gehazi knew his master would not be pleased to see her lie at his feet, and therefore would have raised her up; but Elisha waited to hear from her, since he might not know immediately from God, what was the cause of her trouble. God discovered things to his prophets as he saw fit, not always as they desired; God did not show this to the prophet, because he might know it from the good woman herself. What she said was very pathetic. She appealed to the prophet,

(1.)Concerning her indifference to this mercy which was now taken from her: "Did I desire a son of my lord? No, thou knowest I did not; it was thy own proposal, not mine; I did not fret for the want of a son, as Hannah, nor beg, as Rachel, Give me children or else I die." Note, When any creature-comfort is taken from us, it is well if we can say, through grace, that we did not set our hearts inordinately upon it; for, if we did, we have reason to fear it was given in anger and taken away in wrath.

(2.)Concerning her entire dependence upon the prophet's word: Did I not say, Do not deceive me? Yes, she did say so (Kg2 4:16), and this reflection upon it may be considered either,

[1.]As quarrelling with the prophet for deceiving her. She was ready to think herself mocked with the mercy when it was so soon removed, and that it would have been better she had never had this child than to be deprived of him when she began to have comfort in him. Note, The loss of a mercy should not make us undervalue the gift of it. Or,

[2.]As pleading with the prophet for the raising of the child to life again: "I said, Do not deceive me, and I know thou wilt not." Note, However the providence of God may disappoint us, we may be sure the promise of God never did, nor ever will, deceive us: hope in that will not make us ashamed.

III.The raising of the child to life again.

We may suppose that the woman gave Elisha a more express account of the child's death, and he gave her a more express promise of his resurrection, than is here related, where we are briefly told,

1.That Elisha sent Gehazi to go in all haste to the dead child, gave him his staff, and bade him lay that on the face of the child, Kg2 4:29. I know not what to make of this. Elisha knew that Elijah raised the dead child with a very close application, stretching himself upon the child, and praying again and again, and could he think to raise this child by so slight a ceremony as this, especially when nothing hindered him from coming himself? Shall such a power as this be delegated, and to no better man that Gehazi? Bishop Hall suggests that it was done out of human conceit, and not by divine instinct, and therefore it failed of the effect; God will not have such great favours made too cheap, nor shall they be too easily come by, lest they be undervalued.

2.The woman resolved not to go back without the prophet himself (Kg2 4:30): I will not leave thee. She had no great expectation from the staff, she would have the hand, and she was in the right of it. Perhaps God intended hereby to teach us not to put that confidence in creatures, that are servants, which the power of the Creator, their Master and ours, will alone bear the weight of. Gehazi returns re infecta - without success, without the tidings of any sign of life in the child (Kg2 4:31): The child is not awaked, intimating, to the comfort of the mother, that its death was but a sleep, and that he expected that it would shortly be awaked. In the raising of dead souls to spiritual life ministers can do no more by their own power than Gehazi here could; they lay the word, like the prophet's staff, before their faces, but there is neither voice nor hearing, till Christ, by his Spirit, comes himself. The letter alone kills; it is the Spirit that gives life. It is not prophesying upon dry bones that will put life into them, breath must come from heaven and breathe upon those slain.

3.The prophet, by earnest prayer, obtained from God the restoring of this dead child to life again. He found the child dead upon his own bed (Kg2 4:32), and shut the door upon them twain, Kg2 4:33. Even the dead child is spoken of as a person, one of the twain, for it was still in being and not lost. He shut out all company, that he might not seem to glory in the power God had given him, or to use it for ostentation and to be seen of men. Observe,

(1.)How closely the prophet applied himself to this great operation, perhaps being sensible that he had tempted God too much in thinking to effect it by the staff in Gehazi's hand, for which he thought himself rebuked by the disappointment. He now found it a harder task than he then thought, and therefore addressed himself to it with great solemnity.

[1.]He prayed unto the Lord (Kg2 4:33), probably as Elijah had done, Let this child's soul come into him again. Christ raised the dead to life as one having authority - Damsel, arise - young man, I say unto thee, Arise - Lazarus, come forth (for he was powerful and faithful as a Son, the Lord of life), but Elijah and Elisha did it by petition, as servants.

[2.]He lay upon the child (Kg2 4:34), as if he would communicate to him some of his vital heat or spirits. Thus he expressed the earnestness of his desire, and gave a sign of that divine power which he depended upon for the accomplishment of this great work. He first put his mouth to the child's mouth, as if, in God's name, he would breathe into him the breath of life; then his eyes to the child's eyes, to open them again to the light of life; then his hands to the child's hands, to put strength into them. He then returned, and walked in the house, as one full of care and concern, and wholly intent upon what he was about. Then he went up stairs again, and the second time, stretched himself upon the child, Kg2 4:35. Those that would be instrumental in conveying spiritual life to dead souls must thus affect themselves with their case, and accommodate themselves to it, and labour fervently in prayer for them.

(2.)How gradually the operation was performed. At the first application, the flesh of the child waxed warm (Kg2 4:34), which gave the prophet encouragement to continue instant in prayer. After a while, the child sneezed seven times, which was an indication, not only of life, but liveliness. Some have reported it as an ancient tradition that when God breathed into Adam the breath of life the first evidence of his being alive was sneezing, which gave rise to the usage of paying respect to those that sneeze. Some observe here that sneezing clears the head, and there lay the child's distemper.

(3.)How joyfully the child was restored alive to his mother (Kg2 4:36, Kg2 4:37), and all parties concerned were not a little comforted, Act 20:12. See the power of God, who kills and makes alive again. See the power of prayer; as it has the key of the clouds, so it has the key of death. See the power of faith; that fixed law of nature (that death is a way whence there is no returning) shall rather be dispensed with than this believing Shunammite shall be disappointed.

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Historical interpretation

Two Centuries of Reception

4 surviving comments on this verse. Each one is dated, so this reads as a timeline rather than a list.

4 quotes · AD 373–604
Post-NiceneEarly Medieval
400500600

Select a marker to jump to its quote. Markers stagger vertically where authors wrote within a few decades of each other.

AD 373Ephrem the SyrianPost-NiceneSourceON THE SECOND BOOK OF KINGS 4:30-35
“Then the mother of the child said, ‘As the Lord lives, and as you yourself live, I will not leave without you.’ ” Now, since Elisha had stayed at home and had sent his disciple, the mother of the [dead] child pressed him to aid her personally. Elisha had mercy on her grief, which was great, and set out to accompany her to the village of Shunem. Gehazi, his disciple, had laid the staff on the child at the time fixed by his master but had not raised him; that is, the resurrection of the dead child had not followed the application of the staff, because Gehazi was a covetous man and was not worthy of being mentioned. Elisha did not raise the child by the mere imposition of the staff either but raised him one hour later by adding certain ceremonies to the imposition of the staff. And in that manner he accomplished the type of the Providence of the Word of God, who came to raise Adam after he had been condemned to death. For he knew that the staff of the prophet represented the wood of the cross. In fact, the salvation of the world was not in the Law, which is only the shadow and the figure of the goods to come, and the dead child was not raised by the application of the staff. Therefore, when the prophet set out to accomplish the resurrection, he diminished his size, lowered his height and adjusted himself to the dimension of the child.Immediately [the child’s] dead flesh became warm. In this figure the incarnation of the only One was represented, as well as the beginning of our salvation, because it was necessary that the Son of God “was made a little lower than the angels” in order to be included in a womb of flesh and to be incarnated, so that he might give life to the flesh through the Spirit. With regard to the fact that the prophet walked back and forth in the house of the dead child, it prefigures the times in which Jesus Christ entered and went out of the houses of humankind and lived with them. Finally the prophet came back and adjusted himself again to the size of the child, and his body covered his body; at that time the dead child was resurrected. Our Lord accomplished this figure and brought it to perfection, when, still alive, he adjusted his holy limbs to the cross. And after his death he again adjusted his dead body in the tomb to the size of the dead Adam. And so God, through his great love for us, after we had died for our sins, brought us back to life with Christ. By his grace he saved us and raised us from the dead with him and made us sit with him in heaven through Jesus Christ, as the divine Paul says.
AD 420JeromePost-NiceneSourceHOMILIES ON THE PSALMS 25 (PS 97[98])
“Sing to the Lord.” Why? What has he done? Why is there a new song due him? “For he has done wondrous deeds.” He performed miracles among the Jews: he cured paralytics; he cleansed lepers; he raised the dead to life. But other prophets had done that too. He changed a few loaves into many and fed a countless multitude. But Elisha did that. What new thing, then, did he do to merit a new song? Would you know what he did that was new? God died as man that humankind might live; the Son of God was crucified that he might lift us up to heaven. “For he has done wondrous deeds.” Would you know what wondrous deeds he has done? The son of a widow was lying dead in an upper chamber; Elisha came and drew himself together over the child, and he put his mouth on the mouth of the boy, and his hands on his hands and his feet on his feet. If, instead of contracting and decreasing himself, Elisha had expanded and increased himself, the widow’s son would not have been restored to life; and so it was, in order to give life, that [Christ] made himself less. Although he was in the form of God, he received the form of humanity; thus did he decrease that through him we might increase.
AD 542Caesarius of ArlesPost-NiceneSourceSERMON 128.8
Thus, blessed Elisha came and went up to the chamber, because Christ was to come and ascend the gibbet of the cross. Elisha bent down to revive the child; Christ humbled himself to lift up the world that lay in sin. Elisha further put his eyes on [the child’s] eyes, his mouth on his mouth and his hands on his hands. Consider, brothers, how much that man of full age drew himself together, so that he might fit the little child who lay dead; for what Elisha prefigured in the case of the boy, Christ fulfilled in the entire human race. Listen to the apostle say, “He humbled himself, becoming obedient to death.” Because we were little children, he made himself small; since we lay dead, the kind physician bent down, for, truly, brothers, no one can lift up one who is lying down if he refuses to bend. In the fact that the boy gasped seven times is shown the sevenfold grace of the Holy Spirit that was bestowed on the human race at Christ’s advent in order to restore it to life. Concerning the Spirit the apostle says, “If anyone does not have the Spirit of Christ, he does not belong to Christ.” Our Lord gave the same Spirit to his disciples when he breathed on them and said, “Receive the Holy Spirit.” Truly, in a way he put his mouth on their mouths when he breathed on them and gave them the Spirit.
AD 604Gregory the DialogistEarly MedievalSourceMORALS ON THE BOOK OF JOB 9.40.63
Fear had no power to raise us from the death of sin, but the infused grace of meekness erected us to the seat of life. This is well denoted by Elisha when he raised the child of the Shunammite. He, when he sent his servant with a staff, never restored life to the dead child at all. But, on coming in his own person, spreading himself on the dead body and contracting himself to its limbs, and walking to and fro and breathing seven times into the mouth of the dead body, he forthwith quickened it to the light of new life through the ministering of compassion. For God, the Creator of humankind, as it were grieved for his dead Son, when he beheld us with compassion, killed by the sting of iniquity. And having put forth the terror of the Law by Moses, he, as it were, sent the rod by the servant. But the servant could not raise the dead body with the staff, because, as Paul bears witness, “The law made nothing perfect.” But when he came in his own person and spread himself in humility on the body, he contracted himself to match the limbs of the dead body to himself. “Who, being in the form of God, thought it not robbery to be equal with God, but made himself of no reputation, and took on him the form of a servant and was made in the likeness of humankind; and found in fashion as a man.” … He breathes on the dead body seven times, in that by the publishing of the divine gift, he bestows the Spirit of sevenfold grace on those who lie prostrate in the death of sin. And afterwards it is raised up alive, in that the child, whom the rod of terror could not raise up, has been brought back to life by the Spirit of love.
Source: Quotations drawn from early Church Fathers and historical Christian theologians (AD 100–1500). Some quotes address the surrounding passage context rather than this verse alone.
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