1 Chronicles 2:55

KJV

And the families of the scribes which dwelt at Jabez; the Tirathites, the Shimeathites, [and] Suchathites. These [are] the Kenites that came of Hemath, the father of the house of Rechab.

KJV (with Strong's)

And the families {H4940} of the scribes {H5608} which dwelt {H3427}{H3427} at Jabez {H3258}; the Tirathites {H8654}, the Shimeathites {H8101}, and Suchathites {H7756}. These {H1992} are the Kenites {H7017} that came {H935} of Hemath {H2574}, the father {H1} of the house {H1004} of Rechab {H7394}.

Complete Jewish Bible

the families of scribes that lived in Ya'betz, the Tir'atim, the Shim'atim and the Sukhatim. These are the Kinim, who came from Hamat, father of the house of Rekhav.

Berean Standard Bible

Bethlehem, the Netophathites, Atroth-beth-joab, half the Manahathites, the Zorites, and the clans of the scribes who lived at Jabez—the Tirathites, Shimeathites, and Sucathites. These are the Kenites who came from Hammath, the father of the house of Rechab.

American Standard Version

And the families of scribes that dwelt at Jabez: the Tirathites, the Shimeathites, the Sucathites. These are the Kenites that came of Hammath, the father of the house of Rechab.

Commentary

### SUMMARY
1 Chronicles 2:55 offers a unique insight into the social and professional fabric of ancient Israel, specifically identifying certain families of scribes dwelling at Jabez. This verse reveals their surprising lineage as Kenites, descendants of Hemath, who is linked to the esteemed house of Rechab. This inclusion within the detailed genealogies of Judah highlights the integration of non-Israelite groups into positions of vital intellectual and spiritual authority, underscoring themes of divine inclusion, the importance of preserving sacred knowledge, and the honoring of steadfast faithfulness.

### CONTEXT
* **Literary Context:** This verse concludes the second chapter of 1 Chronicles, which is dominated by the extensive genealogies of Judah, tracing the lineage from Jacob through David. Following a detailed account of Caleb’s descendants (1 Chronicles 2:18-54), verse 55 shifts focus from pure bloodline to professional identity and geographical settlement. Its placement at the end of such a significant genealogical section suggests a deliberate theological point by the Chronicler: that identity within God's people is not solely defined by ethnic descent but also by function, faithfulness, and integration, even for those from outside the traditional Israelite tribes. This inclusion also subtly introduces the concept of Jabez, a location that will gain further significance in the subsequent chapter (1 Chronicles 4:9-10).
* **Historical & Cultural Context:** The mention of "scribes" (Hebrew: _sopherim_) points to a highly respected and essential professional class in ancient Israel. Scribes were not merely copyists; they were learned individuals responsible for preserving, interpreting, and teaching the Law and other sacred texts, playing a crucial role in administration and spiritual life. The "Kenites" were a nomadic people, often associated with metalworking, who had a long and complex relationship with Israel, dating back to Jethro, Moses' father-in-law (Exodus 18). Their presence as scribes at Jabez indicates a significant degree of settled integration and intellectual contribution within Israelite society. The connection to the "house of Rechab" is particularly potent, as the Rechabites were famed for their unwavering adherence to their ancestral vows of abstinence from wine and settled life, a faithfulness commended by God in the book of Jeremiah ([Jeremiah 35](/jeremiah/35 "Jeremiah 35 - The Faithfulness of the Rechabites")).
* **Key Themes:** This verse powerfully illustrates several key themes central to the Chronicler's message. Firstly, it highlights **Divine Inclusion and Integration**, demonstrating God's capacity to incorporate diverse groups into His covenant people, even those not ethnically Israelite, and to use them in significant roles. The Kenites, though distinct, are shown to be integral to the preservation of Israel's spiritual heritage. Secondly, it underscores the **Importance of God's Word and Tradition**, emphasizing the vital role of scribes in safeguarding and transmitting sacred texts across generations. Their meticulous work was foundational for the spiritual health and continuity of the nation. Finally, the connection to the [house of Rechab](/jeremiah/35 "Jeremiah 35 - The Faithfulness of the Rechabites") brings forth the theme of **Faithfulness and Heritage**, showcasing how steadfast commitment and obedience to a covenant or vow are honored by God, providing a powerful example of integrity in living out one's faith, as seen in [Jeremiah 35:18-19](/jeremiah/35-18 "Jeremiah 35:18-19 - God's Blessing on the Rechabites").

### EXPOSITION AND ANALYSIS
#### Key Word Analysis
* **Scribes (Hebrew, _sopherim'_):** This term denotes individuals highly skilled in writing, copying, and interpreting legal and religious texts. In ancient Israel, scribes were not merely clerical workers but often served as scholars, teachers, and administrators, holding significant authority and responsibility for the transmission and application of the Torah. Their role was foundational to the intellectual and spiritual life of the nation.
* **Kenites (Hebrew, _Qeyniy'_):** A non-Israelite, often nomadic, people group, traditionally associated with metalworking. They maintained a unique relationship with Israel, sometimes allied (Judges 1:16) and sometimes distinct. Their identification as the lineage of these scribal families underscores the surprising and inclusive nature of God's covenant community, extending beyond strict ethnic boundaries.
* **Rechab (Hebrew, _Rekab'_):** The progenitor of the Rechabites, a group distinguished by their strict adherence to ancestral vows, including abstaining from wine and living a nomadic, non-settled life. Their unwavering faithfulness, even in times of national apostasy, was commended by God through the prophet Jeremiah (Jeremiah 35), making their lineage a symbol of steadfast obedience and integrity.

#### Verse Breakdown
* **"And the families of the scribes which dwelt at Jabez":** This clause identifies specific family units not by their tribal affiliation alone, but by their professional role as "scribes" and their geographical settlement in "Jabez." This highlights the importance of learned professions and centers of learning within Israelite society, indicating that certain families were dedicated to the preservation and interpretation of sacred texts.
* **"the Tirathites, the Shimeathites, [and] Suchathites":** These are the specific names of the scribal families. Their inclusion provides concrete detail within the genealogical record, emphasizing the Chronicler's meticulous approach to documenting not just bloodlines but also the functional and social structures within the community.
* **"These [are] the Kenites that came of Hemath, the father of the house of Rechab":** This crucial phrase reveals the surprising ethnic and ancestral origin of these scribal families. They are identified as Kenites, a non-Israelite group, and specifically trace their lineage back to Hemath, who is linked to the renowned house of Rechab. This connection underscores a heritage of distinct identity and, by association with the Rechabites, a legacy of unwavering fidelity and obedience to ancestral principles.

#### Literary Devices
The Chronicler employs several literary devices in this concise verse. Primarily, it utilizes **Genealogy** as its overarching framework, but with a significant deviation. Unlike the preceding verses that meticulously trace bloodlines, this verse incorporates **Professional Identity** ("scribes") and **Geographical Location** ("Jabez") as defining characteristics alongside ancestry. This serves to broaden the scope of the genealogical record, demonstrating that inclusion in God's people is not solely based on ethnic descent but also on function and spiritual heritage. The surprising revelation of the scribes' **Kenite** and **Rechabite** lineage functions as a form of **Juxtaposition**, placing a nomadic, non-Israelite group known for their distinct lifestyle into the settled, learned role of scribes. This highlights themes of **Integration** and **Divine Inclusion**, showcasing God's ability to use diverse individuals and groups within His redemptive plan, and honoring faithfulness regardless of traditional ethnic boundaries.

### THEOLOGICAL AND THEMATIC CONNECTIONS
This verse profoundly illustrates God's expansive view of His people, demonstrating that His covenant community is not confined by rigid ethnic or tribal boundaries, but is open to those who align with His purposes and demonstrate faithfulness. The integration of the Kenites, a non-Israelite group, into the vital role of scribes underscores the principle that God uses diverse gifts and backgrounds to accomplish His will. Furthermore, the connection to the house of Rechab elevates the theme of steadfast obedience, showing that unwavering commitment to principles—even those inherited from ancestors—is honored by God. This passage reminds us of the enduring value of preserving and understanding God's Word, a task entrusted to those who faithfully study and transmit its truths, ensuring that future generations can learn from and live by divine wisdom.

* [Exodus 18:10-12](/exodus/18-10 "Exodus 18:10-12 - Jethro's Blessing and Sacrifice")
* [Jeremiah 35:18-19](/jeremiah/35-18 "Jeremiah 35:18-19 - God's Promise to the Rechabites")
* [Ezra 7:6](/ezra/7-6 "Ezra 7:6 - Ezra the Scribe")

### REFLECTION AND APPLICATION
1 Chronicles 2:55 offers a powerful reminder that God's kingdom is wonderfully diverse, embracing individuals from all backgrounds and walks of life. Just as the Kenites, a group distinct from ethnic Israel, were integrated and honored with the crucial task of preserving God's Word as scribes, so too does God call and equip people today from every nation and tribe to serve His purposes. This verse challenges any narrow perceptions of who is "qualified" or "called" by God, emphasizing that faithfulness and a willingness to serve are paramount. The example of the Rechabites, renowned for their unwavering commitment to their ancestral vows, calls us to consider the depth of our own steadfastness in following Christ. In a world of shifting values and fleeting commitments, their legacy encourages us to cultivate integrity and unwavering obedience to God's revealed truth. This passage also highlights the enduring importance of engaging with and transmitting God's Word—whether through teaching, writing, or simply living out its truths—ensuring that the divine wisdom continues to shape generations.

#### Questions for Reflection
* **How does this verse challenge our understanding of who belongs to God's people and who God can use for His purposes?**
* **What is the modern equivalent of the "scribe" in preserving, interpreting, and transmitting God's truth, and how can we participate in this vital work?**
* **In what ways can we emulate the steadfast faithfulness and integrity of the Rechabites in our own lives, particularly in adhering to biblical principles?**

### FAQ
**Who were the Kenites, and why is their presence as scribes significant?**

Answer: The Kenites were a nomadic people, often associated with metalworking, who maintained a distinct but sometimes allied relationship with Israel, tracing their lineage back to Jethro, Moses' father-in-law (Exodus 18:1). Their presence as scribes at Jabez is highly significant because it demonstrates a deep level of integration into Israelite society and intellectual life. It shows that God's people were not exclusively defined by ethnic Israelite descent, but could include and empower individuals from other backgrounds to hold crucial roles in preserving and transmitting sacred knowledge, as seen in their association with the tribe of Judah in [Judges 1:16](/judges/1-16 "Judges 1:16 - The Kenites Settle with Judah").

**What is the connection between the scribes and the "house of Rechab"?**

Answer: The scribal families mentioned in 1 Chronicles 2:55—the Tirathites, Shimeathites, and Suchathites—are identified as Kenites who came from Hemath, who is called "the father of the house of Rechab." This means these scribes were descendants of the Rechabites, a group famous for their strict adherence to a set of ancestral vows, including abstaining from wine and living a nomadic lifestyle, as detailed in [Jeremiah 35](/jeremiah/35 "Jeremiah 35 - The Faithfulness of the Rechabites"). This connection links the scribes to a heritage of unwavering obedience and distinct faithfulness, which God Himself commended.

**What was the role of a "scribe" in ancient Israel?**

Answer: In ancient Israel, a "scribe" (Hebrew: _sopher_) was far more than just a copyist. They were highly educated and respected individuals responsible for copying, preserving, and interpreting the Law and other sacred texts. Scribes often served as legal experts, administrators, and teachers, playing a crucial role in the spiritual and governmental life of the nation. Their meticulous work ensured the accurate transmission of divine revelation across generations, as exemplified by figures like Ezra, who was described as "a scribe skilled in the Law of Moses" in [Ezra 7:6](/ezra/7-6 "Ezra 7:6 - Ezra the Scribe").

### CHRIST-CENTERED FULFILLMENT
The inclusion of Kenite scribes, descendants of the faithful Rechabites, within Israel's genealogies in 1 Chronicles 2:55 beautifully foreshadows the expansive and inclusive nature of God's redemptive plan fully realized in Jesus Christ. Just as non-Israelites were integrated into the vital work of preserving God's Word, so too does Christ break down every dividing wall of hostility, welcoming all peoples into His new covenant community, the Church, as described in [Ephesians 2:14-16](/ephesians/2-14 "Ephesians 2:14-16 - Christ Breaks Down Walls"). Jesus is the ultimate "Scribe," the Word of God made flesh ([John 1:1](/john/1-1 "John 1:1 - The Word Was God"), [John 1:14](/john/1-14 "John 1:14 - The Word Became Flesh")), who perfectly fulfilled the Law and the Prophets ([Matthew 5:17](/matthew/5-17 "Matthew 5:17 - Jesus Fulfills the Law")). The steadfast faithfulness of the Rechabites, honored by God, points to Christ's perfect obedience unto death ([Philippians 2:8](/philippians/2-8 "Philippians 2:8 - Christ's Humility and Obedience")), which secures our salvation. In the New Covenant, all believers, regardless of their background, are called to be living letters, with God's law written not on stone tablets, but on their hearts by the Spirit, becoming true "scribes" of the living God ([2 Corinthians 3:3](/2_corinthians/3-3 "2 Corinthians 3:3 - Letters of Christ")).

Note: Commentary is generated by AI with a directive for Biblical fidelity. Always rely on the Holy Spirit for discernment. The Scripture text and cross-references are from verified, non-AI sources.

Cross-References

2 Kings 10:15

¶ And when he was departed thence, he lighted on Jehonadab the son of Rechab [coming] to meet him: and he saluted him, and said to him, Is thine heart right, as my heart [is] with thy heart? And Jehonadab answered, It is. If it be, give [me] thine hand. And he gave [him] his hand; and he took him up to him into the chariot.

Judges 1:16

And the children of the Kenite, Moses' father in law, went up out of the city of palm trees with the children of Judah into the wilderness of Judah, which [lieth] in the south of Arad; and they went and dwelt among the people.

Judges 4:11

Now Heber the Kenite, [which was] of the children of Hobab the father in law of Moses, had severed himself from the Kenites, and pitched his tent unto the plain of Zaanaim, which [is] by Kedesh.

Jeremiah 35:2

Go unto the house of the Rechabites, and speak unto them, and bring them into the house of the LORD, into one of the chambers, and give them wine to drink.

Jeremiah 35:8

Thus have we obeyed the voice of Jonadab the son of Rechab our father in all that he hath charged us, to drink no wine all our days, we, our wives, our sons, nor our daughters;

Jeremiah 35:19

Therefore thus saith the LORD of hosts, the God of Israel; Jonadab the son of Rechab shall not want a man to stand before me for ever.

1 Samuel 15:6

And Saul said unto the Kenites, Go, depart, get you down from among the Amalekites, lest I destroy you with them: for ye shewed kindness to all the children of Israel, when they came up out of Egypt. So the Kenites departed from among the Amalekites.