2 Chronicles 29:31

KJV

Then Hezekiah answered and said, Now ye have consecrated yourselves unto the LORD, come near and bring sacrifices and thank offerings into the house of the LORD. And the congregation brought in sacrifices and thank offerings; and as many as were of a free heart burnt offerings.

KJV (with Strong's)

Then Hezekiah {H3169} answered {H6030} and said {H559}, Now ye have consecrated {H4390}{H3027} yourselves unto the LORD {H3068}, come near {H5066} and bring {H935} sacrifices {H2077} and thank offerings {H8426} into the house {H1004} of the LORD {H3068}. And the congregation {H6951} brought in {H935} sacrifices {H2077} and thank offerings {H8426}; and as many as were of a free {H5081} heart {H3820} burnt offerings {H5930}.

Complete Jewish Bible

Hizkiyahu responded by saying, "Now that you have consecrated yourselves to ADONAI, come close, and bring sacrifices and thank offerings into the house of ADONAI. So the community brought in sacrifices and thank offerings, and as many as were willing volunteered burnt offerings.

Berean Standard Bible

Then Hezekiah said, “Now that you have consecrated yourselves to the LORD, come near and bring sacrifices and thank offerings to the house of the LORD.” So the assembly brought sacrifices and thank offerings, and all whose hearts were willing brought burnt offerings.

American Standard Version

Then Hezekiah answered and said, Now ye have consecrated yourselves unto Jehovah; come near and bring sacrifices and thank-offerings into the house of Jehovah. And the assembly brought in sacrifices and thank-offerings; and as many as were of a willing heart brought burnt-offerings.

Commentary

### SUMMARY
King Hezekiah, having diligently overseen the purification and consecration of the Levitical priests and the Temple itself, now issues a direct command to the people of Judah to bring their offerings. This pivotal moment marks the resumption of proper worship in Jerusalem after years of neglect and idolatry under his father, King Ahaz. The verse highlights the congregation's immediate and enthusiastic response, bringing both the commanded sacrifices and thank offerings, alongside a significant number of freewill burnt offerings, demonstrating a profound spiritual revival and genuine devotion to the LORD.

### CONTEXT
* **Literary Context:** This verse is situated at a critical juncture within King Hezekiah's extensive religious reforms, detailed in [2 Chronicles 29](/2_chronicles/29 "2 Chronicles 29 - Hezekiah's Reforms"). Following his ascension to the throne, Hezekiah immediately prioritized the restoration of true worship, beginning with the cleansing and consecration of the Temple (2 Chronicles 29:3-19) and the purification of the Levites and priests (2 Chronicles 29:20-30). Having completed these essential preparatory steps—the "consecrated yourselves" of the verse referring to the Levites' purification—Hezekiah now transitions from the preparatory rituals to the active participation of the entire congregation. The verse serves as the bridge between the priestly work of cleansing and the communal act of worship, setting the stage for the massive sacrifices that follow in [2 Chronicles 29:32-36](/2_chronicles/29-32 "2 Chronicles 29:32-36 - Abundant Offerings").
* **Historical & Cultural Context:** Hezekiah's reign (c. 715-686 BC) followed the deeply idolatrous and apostate rule of his father, King Ahaz, who had not only neglected the Temple but actively promoted pagan worship, even closing the Temple doors (2 Chronicles 28:24). Judah was also under significant political pressure from the Assyrian Empire. In this context, Hezekiah's actions represented a radical departure and a bold reassertion of Judah's covenant relationship with Yahweh. The Temple was the spiritual and cultural heart of the nation, and its defilement symbolized the nation's spiritual sickness. The call for sacrifices and thank offerings was a return to the core tenets of the Mosaic Law, which prescribed various types of offerings for atonement, thanksgiving, and dedication, central to Israelite identity and worship.
* **Key Themes:** The passage powerfully articulates several key themes. First, it underscores the **restoration of true worship** and the **importance of obedience** to God's commands after a period of spiritual decline. Hezekiah's leadership is portrayed as instrumental in guiding the nation back to covenant faithfulness. Second, the emphasis on the Levites having "consecrated yourselves" highlights the theme of **spiritual preparation and purity** as a prerequisite for approaching God in worship, a principle found throughout the Old Testament (e.g., [Exodus 19:10-11](/exodus/19-10 "Exodus 19:10-11 - Consecration at Sinai")). Third, the distinction between commanded "sacrifices and thank offerings" and the "burnt offerings" given "of a free heart" introduces the theme of **voluntary and sincere giving**. While obligation was part of the Law, genuine devotion is shown through freewill offerings, echoing the spirit of giving seen in the building of the tabernacle in [Exodus 35:29](/exodus/35-29 "Exodus 35:29 - Freewill Offerings for the Tabernacle"). Finally, the immediate and abundant response of the congregation demonstrates the theme of **corporate revival and unity** in worship, a powerful testament to God's work in the hearts of His people.

### EXPOSITION AND ANALYSIS

#### Key Word Analysis
* **consecrated yourselves (Hebrew, _qadash'_):** This verb means "to be set apart, purified, made holy." In this context, it refers specifically to the ritual and spiritual cleansing performed by the Levites and priests, as detailed in [2 Chronicles 29:15-19](/2_chronicles/29-15 "2 Chronicles 29:15-19 - Levites Purify the Temple"). It signifies that they had undergone the necessary purification rites to be fit for service in the holy presence of God, emphasizing the prerequisite of purity for divine encounter.
* **free heart (Hebrew, _nedabah'_):** This noun denotes a "freewill offering" or "voluntary offering." It contrasts with offerings that were obligatory under the Mosaic Law. The inclusion of "as many as were of a free heart burnt offerings" underscores that these particular offerings were not commanded but flowed from a willing, generous, and devoted spirit, indicative of genuine faith and an overflowing desire to honor God beyond mere duty.

#### Verse Breakdown
* **"Then Hezekiah answered and said, Now ye have consecrated yourselves unto the LORD":** This opening phrase positions Hezekiah as the divinely appointed leader, initiating the next phase of the revival. His statement confirms that the necessary preparatory work of purification, undertaken by the priests and Levites (as described in the preceding verses), has been completed and accepted by the LORD. This consecration was crucial for establishing the proper spiritual and ritual conditions for worship.
* **"come near and bring sacrifices and thank offerings into the house of the LORD":** This is Hezekiah's direct command to the congregation. "Sacrifices" (Hebrew: _zevakhim_) generally refers to peace offerings or fellowship offerings, which could include various types of communal meals and dedications. "Thank offerings" (Hebrew: _todot_) were a specific type of peace offering given to express gratitude for God's blessings. The command invites the entire community to participate actively in the restored worship, bringing offerings that acknowledge both their relationship with God and His goodness.
* **"And the congregation brought in sacrifices and thank offerings":** This clause highlights the immediate and obedient response of the people. It demonstrates a widespread willingness to participate in the spiritual renewal, indicating that Hezekiah's reforms resonated deeply with the populace. The swift action underscores the success of the revival and the people's readiness to return to God.
* **"and as many as were of a free heart burnt offerings":** This final phrase adds a significant layer of meaning. While "sacrifices and thank offerings" might have included elements of obligation, the "burnt offerings" (Hebrew: _olah_, meaning "that which goes up" entirely consumed on the altar) given from a "free heart" were purely voluntary. This signifies an extraordinary outpouring of devotion, going beyond the minimum requirement. It indicates a profound spiritual awakening where individuals were moved by genuine love and gratitude to offer themselves and their possessions completely to God.

#### Literary Devices
The verse employs several effective literary devices. There is a clear **Call and Response** structure, with Hezekiah's command immediately followed by the congregation's action, emphasizing their obedience and enthusiasm. The **Repetition** of "sacrifices and thank offerings" highlights the specific types of worship being restored, reinforcing the return to Mosaic ordinances. Furthermore, the inclusion of "as many as were of a free heart burnt offerings" creates a powerful **Contrast** between commanded offerings and voluntary, overflowing devotion, underscoring the depth of the spiritual revival. This phrase also suggests a form of **Hyperbole** or **Emphasis on Abundance**, indicating that the response was not just compliant but exceptionally generous and widespread, reflecting the genuine spiritual transformation occurring within the community.

### THEOLOGICAL AND THEMATIC CONNECTIONS
This passage profoundly illustrates the principles of acceptable worship and the nature of true spiritual revival. It teaches that approaching God requires both divine initiative (through Hezekiah's leadership and the Spirit's work) and human response, characterized by preparation, obedience, and heartfelt devotion. The consecration of the priests underscores God's holiness and the necessity of purity for those who mediate or participate in worship. The congregation's immediate and generous response highlights the power of a unified community returning to God, not out of mere ritualistic adherence, but from a genuine desire to honor Him. This willingness to offer beyond obligation, particularly with the freewill burnt offerings, signifies a profound understanding that true worship involves the complete dedication of oneself and one's resources to the LORD, reflecting gratitude for His blessings and a desire for His presence.

* [Leviticus 1:3](/leviticus/1-3 "Leviticus 1:3 - Requirements for Burnt Offering")
* [Psalm 51:17](/psalms/51-17 "Psalm 51:17 - A Broken and Contrite Heart")
* [Hebrews 13:15](/hebrews/13-15 "Hebrews 13:15 - Sacrifice of Praise")

### REFLECTION AND APPLICATION
The account in 2 Chronicles 29:31 offers timeless principles for believers today, reminding us that our approach to God should always be marked by intentional preparation and a sincere heart. Just as the Temple and its ministers needed cleansing, we are called to examine our lives and seek spiritual purification before engaging in worship, whether individually or corporately. This doesn't imply earning God's favor, but rather acknowledging His holiness and our need for His grace. The congregation's enthusiastic response, especially their "free heart" offerings, challenges us to move beyond mere religious obligation to a place of joyful, voluntary giving of our time, talents, and resources. Our worship, whether expressed through praise, service, or financial contributions, is most pleasing to God when it flows from a heart overflowing with love, gratitude, and genuine devotion, rather than from compulsion or a sense of duty. This passage encourages us to cultivate a spirit of generosity and wholeheartedness in all aspects of our walk with God, recognizing that true worship involves our entire being.

#### Questions for Reflection
* **How does the principle of "consecration" before worship apply to our lives today, even without a physical temple?**
* **In what ways can we cultivate a "free heart" in our giving and service to God, moving beyond mere obligation?**
* **What does the congregation's immediate and abundant response teach us about the power of spiritual leadership and corporate revival?**

### FAQ
**Why did Hezekiah emphasize "consecration" before bringing offerings?**

Answer: Hezekiah's emphasis on "consecration" (referring to the priests and Levites) before the people brought offerings was absolutely essential for several reasons rooted in the Mosaic Law and the nature of God. Firstly, God is holy, and His presence demands purity from those who approach Him or mediate worship. The Temple, having been defiled by King Ahaz, needed ritual cleansing, and the Levites, who were to facilitate the sacrifices, also needed to be purified and set apart for their sacred duties (as detailed in [2 Chronicles 29:15-19](/2_chronicles/29-15 "2 Chronicles 29:15-19 - Levites Purify the Temple")). Without this prior consecration, any offerings brought would have been considered defiled and unacceptable to the LORD. This principle underscores that true worship is not merely about external acts but requires an internal state of readiness and purity, reflecting a reverence for God's character.

**What is the difference between "sacrifices and thank offerings" and "burnt offerings" in this context?**

Answer: In this context, "sacrifices and thank offerings" (Hebrew: _zevakhim u'todot_) generally refer to peace offerings. Peace offerings were often communal, involving a portion given to God, a portion to the priests, and a portion returned to the worshipper to be eaten in a celebratory meal. They could be brought for various reasons, including fellowship, vows, or, as specified here, thanksgiving. "Burnt offerings" (Hebrew: _olah_) were distinct in that the entire animal was consumed by fire on the altar, symbolizing complete dedication to God and serving as an atonement for sin. The significance in [2 Chronicles 29:31](/2_chronicles/29-31 "2 Chronicles 29:31 - Hezekiah's Call for Offerings") is that while the "sacrifices and thank offerings" were likely part of the commanded restoration of worship, the "burnt offerings" were specifically noted as coming from "a free heart." This highlights that the people not only fulfilled their obligations but also went above and beyond, demonstrating an extraordinary level of voluntary devotion and a deep spiritual hunger for complete surrender and atonement.

### CHRIST-CENTERED FULFILLMENT
The spiritual revival under King Hezekiah, culminating in the people's eager bringing of sacrifices and freewill offerings, powerfully foreshadows the ultimate and perfect work of Christ. Hezekiah's cleansing of the Temple and the consecration of the priests point to Jesus, who is both our [Great High Priest](/hebrews/4-14 "Hebrews 4:14 - Jesus, Our Great High Priest") and the [Temple of God](/john/2-19 "John 2:19 - Jesus Predicts the Temple's Destruction and Resurrection") Himself, through whom all access to God is made possible. The Old Testament sacrifices, including the burnt offerings for atonement, find their complete and final fulfillment in the singular, perfect sacrifice of the [Lamb of God, Jesus Christ](/john/1-29 "John 1:29 - Jesus, the Lamb of God"), whose blood cleanses us from all sin once and for all ([Hebrews 9:12](/hebrews/9-12 "Hebrews 9:12 - Christ's Sacrifice Once for All")). Our "consecration" is no longer a ritual purification but a spiritual reality achieved through faith in Christ, by which we are set apart and made holy in Him ([1 Corinthians 1:2](/1_corinthians/1-2 "1 Corinthians 1:2 - Sanctified in Christ Jesus")). Consequently, our worship under the New Covenant is not primarily of animal sacrifices but of "spiritual sacrifices" ([1 Peter 2:5](/1_peter/2-5 "1 Peter 2:5 - Spiritual Sacrifices")), such as praise, thanksgiving, and lives offered in service, given from a "free heart" in response to the immeasurable grace we have received through Christ ([Romans 12:1](/romans/12-1 "Romans 12:1 - Living Sacrifices")). Hezekiah's revival was a shadow; Christ is the glorious reality, enabling us to worship God in [spirit and truth](/john/4-24 "John 4:24 - Worship in Spirit and Truth").

Note: Commentary is generated by AI with a directive for Biblical fidelity. Always rely on the Holy Spirit for discernment. The Scripture text and cross-references are from verified, non-AI sources.

Cross-References

2 Chronicles 13:9

Have ye not cast out the priests of the LORD, the sons of Aaron, and the Levites, and have made you priests after the manner of the nations of [other] lands? so that whosoever cometh to consecrate himself with a young bullock and seven rams, [the same] may be a priest of [them that are] no gods.

Exodus 35:22

And they came, both men and women, as many as were willing hearted, [and] brought bracelets, and earrings, and rings, and tablets, all jewels of gold: and every man that offered [offered] an offering of gold unto the LORD.

Leviticus 1:1

¶ And the LORD called unto Moses, and spake unto him out of the tabernacle of the congregation, saying,

Leviticus 1:3

¶ If his offering [be] a burnt sacrifice of the herd, let him offer a male without blemish: he shall offer it of his own voluntary will at the door of the tabernacle of the congregation before the LORD.

Ezra 1:4

And whosoever remaineth in any place where he sojourneth, let the men of his place help him with silver, and with gold, and with goods, and with beasts, beside the freewill offering for the house of God that [is] in Jerusalem.

Leviticus 7:12

If he offer it for a thanksgiving, then he shall offer with the sacrifice of thanksgiving unleavened cakes mingled with oil, and unleavened wafers anointed with oil, and cakes mingled with oil, of fine flour, fried.

Leviticus 23:38

Beside the sabbaths of the LORD, and beside your gifts, and beside all your vows, and beside all your freewill offerings, which ye give unto the LORD.