Mark 16:17

KJV

And these signs shall follow them that believe; In my name shall they cast out devils; they shall speak with new tongues;

KJV (with Strong's)

And {G1161} these {G5023} signs {G4592} shall follow {G3877} them that believe {G4100}; In {G1722} my {G3450} name {G3686} shall they cast out {G1544} devils {G1140}; they shall speak {G2980} with new {G2537} tongues {G1100};

Complete Jewish Bible

And these signs will accompany those who do trust: in my name they will drive out demons, speak with new tongues,

Berean Standard Bible

And these signs will accompany those who believe: In My name they will drive out demons; they will speak in new tongues;

American Standard Version

And these signs shall accompany them that believe: in my name shall they cast out demons; they shall speak with new tongues;

Commentary

### SUMMARY
Mark 16:17 presents a profound post-resurrection promise from Jesus to His disciples, outlining specific supernatural "signs" that will accompany those who believe. These miraculous manifestations – including the casting out of demons and speaking in new tongues – are presented not as ends in themselves, but as divine endorsements of the Gospel message and authentications of the authority granted to believers operating in Jesus' name. This verse underscores the ongoing spiritual empowerment available to Christ's followers for the advancement of His kingdom.

### CONTEXT
* **Literary Context:** Mark 16:17 is part of what is widely known as the "longer ending of Mark" (Mark 16:9-20). While scholarly debate exists regarding its earliest manuscript attestation, this section has been historically accepted and included in the vast majority of biblical traditions for centuries, including the King James Version. It immediately follows Jesus' post-resurrection appearances to His disciples and His pivotal command, often called [the Great Commission](/mark/16-15 "Mark 16:15 - The Great Commission"), to "go into all the world and preach the gospel to every creature." Thus, these promised signs are presented as direct accompaniments and validations of the disciples' obedience to this evangelistic mandate, providing divine attestation to their message as they embark on their global mission.
* **Historical & Cultural Context:** In the 1st-century Greco-Roman world, the concept of divine power manifesting through signs and wonders was not unfamiliar, though often associated with pagan deities or philosophical figures. Within Judaism, miracles were understood as demonstrations of God's presence and power, authenticating His messengers (e.g., Moses, Elijah). Jesus' ministry was replete with such signs, which served to confirm His identity and authority. Therefore, the promise of these signs following believers would have resonated deeply with a culture that expected divine intervention to validate spiritual claims. It positioned the nascent Christian movement not merely as another philosophical school, but as a community empowered by the living God, capable of confronting the spiritual forces and linguistic barriers prevalent in their diverse world.
* **Key Themes:** This verse powerfully contributes to several overarching themes within Mark's Gospel and the broader New Testament. Firstly, it highlights the theme of **Divine Empowerment**, emphasizing that believers are not left to their own devices but are supernaturally equipped for ministry. Secondly, it underscores the **Authority of Jesus' Name**, revealing that all power and effectiveness in ministry derive solely from [Christ's supreme authority](/matthew/28-18 "Matthew 28:18 - All Authority in Heaven and on Earth"). Thirdly, the mention of "casting out devils" reinforces the theme of **Spiritual Warfare**, acknowledging the reality of demonic opposition and equipping believers to engage in the ongoing battle against the forces of darkness, just as Jesus did throughout His earthly ministry (e.g., [Mark 1:27](/mark/1-27 "Mark 1:27 - Jesus' Authority Over Demons")). Finally, "speaking with new tongues" introduces the theme of **Supernatural Communication**, anticipating the miraculous linguistic abilities that would later be dramatically displayed at Pentecost, facilitating the global spread of the Gospel across diverse cultures (e.g., [Acts 2:4](/acts/2-4 "Acts 2:4 - The Gift of Tongues at Pentecost")).

### EXPOSITION AND ANALYSIS

#### Key Word Analysis
* **Signs (Greek, _sēmeîon'_):** (G4592) This term refers to an indication, especially one that is ceremonially or supernaturally given. In biblical contexts, *sēmeîon* denotes a miraculous event or phenomenon that serves as a divine attestation or proof, pointing beyond itself to a greater truth or the authority of the one performing it. These are not merely wonders but serve a revelatory purpose, confirming the message of the Gospel.
* **Devils (Greek, _daimónion'_):** (G1140) This word, a neuter form derived from *daimōn*, refers to a demonic being or evil spirit. It is crucial to note that this term specifically denotes lesser evil spirits or demons, not the Devil himself (Satan). The ability to "cast out *daimonia*" signifies authority over these malevolent spiritual entities that oppress humanity, a hallmark of Jesus' own ministry and now extended to His followers.
* **Tongues (Greek, _glōssa'_):** (G1100) Of uncertain affinity, this word primarily means "the tongue" as an organ of speech. By implication, it refers to a language, specifically one that is naturally unacquired. In the context of miraculous signs, it refers to the supernatural ability to speak in languages previously unknown to the speaker, often for the purpose of communicating the Gospel across linguistic barriers, as seen in the book of Acts.

#### Verse Breakdown
* **"And these signs shall follow them that believe;":** This opening clause establishes the condition and the promise. The "signs" (miraculous manifestations) are not arbitrary but are specifically linked to "them that believe" – indicating that faith is the prerequisite for experiencing or witnessing these divine accompaniments. The verb "shall follow" (Greek, *parakolouthéō*) suggests that these signs will naturally attend or be a consequence of genuine belief, serving as corroboration for the message proclaimed by believers.
* **"In my name shall they cast out devils;":** This phrase specifies the first of two miraculous signs. The power to "cast out devils" (demons) is explicitly stated to operate "In my name" (Greek, *en to onomati mou*). This is a crucial theological point, signifying that the authority and power do not reside in the believer but are derived entirely from Jesus Christ and His supreme authority. It reflects the continuation of Jesus' own ministry of spiritual liberation and confrontation with the forces of evil.
* **"they shall speak with new tongues;":** The second specific sign promised is the ability to "speak with new tongues." The adjective "new" (Greek, *kainós*) implies a fresh, unprecedented quality, distinguishing it from ordinary human language acquisition. This refers to a supernatural utterance of languages previously unknown to the speaker, a gift that would prove instrumental in the early church's mission to communicate the Gospel universally, transcending linguistic barriers and serving as a powerful sign to both believers and unbelievers.

#### Literary Devices
Mark 16:17 employs several potent literary devices to convey its message. The most prominent is **Promise**, as Jesus directly states what "shall follow" those who believe, setting an expectation for supernatural enablement. This promise functions as a form of **Divine Assurance**, comforting and empowering the disciples for their daunting mission. The phrase "In my name" utilizes **Metonymy**, where "name" stands for the entire authority, character, and power of Jesus Christ. This emphasizes that the power originates from Him, not the believers themselves. The verse also contains elements of **Foreshadowing**, particularly regarding "speaking with new tongues," which clearly anticipates the dramatic outpouring of the Holy Spirit and the gift of tongues at Pentecost as recorded in [Acts 2](/acts/2 "Acts 2 - The Day of Pentecost"). Furthermore, the mention of "casting out devils" evokes **Spiritual Warfare imagery**, portraying the Christian mission as an active engagement against malevolent spiritual forces, where believers are equipped with divine authority.

### THEOLOGICAL AND THEMATIC CONNECTIONS
Mark 16:17 stands as a powerful testament to the ongoing, dynamic nature of God's work through His people. Theologically, it affirms that the resurrected Christ continues His ministry through His body, the Church, by empowering believers with supernatural abilities. These signs are not merely spectacular displays but serve as divine validation for the truth of the Gospel message and the authority of those who proclaim it. They underscore the reality of the spiritual realm and the church's mandate to confront the forces of darkness. The promise highlights the active presence of the Holy Spirit, who enables believers to carry out the Great Commission with divine backing, ensuring that the message of salvation is not just spoken, but also powerfully demonstrated. This verse connects the early church's experience to the broader theological understanding of spiritual gifts as instruments for kingdom advancement and the edification of the body of Christ.

* [Acts 2:4](/acts/2-4 "Acts 2:4 - Speaking in Tongues at Pentecost")
* [1 Corinthians 12:4-11](/1_corinthians/12-4-11 "1 Corinthians 12:4-11 - Diversity of Spiritual Gifts")
* [John 14:12](/john/14-12 "John 14:12 - Greater Works")

### REFLECTION AND APPLICATION
Mark 16:17 challenges believers to consider the scope of God's power available to them through faith in Jesus Christ. While the specific manifestations of these signs may be debated in contemporary contexts, the underlying principles of divine empowerment, spiritual authority, and the purpose of God's power for evangelism remain profoundly relevant. This verse calls us to cultivate a robust faith that trusts in God's ability to work supernaturally through ordinary people. It encourages us to recognize that our mission to spread the Gospel is not dependent on human strength or eloquence alone, but on the accompanying power of the Holy Spirit, enabling us to confront spiritual opposition and communicate God's truth effectively. Ultimately, it reminds us that God equips those He calls, and His power is always for His glory and the advancement of His kingdom, confirming the message of salvation to a world in need.

#### Questions for Reflection
* **How does the phrase "In my name" shape your understanding of spiritual authority and power in ministry today?**
* **In what ways do you believe God's "signs" or divine confirmations manifest in the lives of believers or the church in the 21st century?**
* **How can we cultivate a faith that expects God to work supernaturally, while also exercising wisdom and discernment?**
* **What does "casting out devils" mean for believers in a world where spiritual oppression may take various forms beyond overt demonic possession?**

### FAQ

**Is the "longer ending of Mark" (Mark 16:9-20) considered authentic scripture by all scholars?**

Answer: The authenticity of the "longer ending of Mark" (Mark 16:9-20), which includes Mark 16:17, has been a subject of scholarly debate for centuries. Some of the earliest and most significant Greek manuscripts (like Codex Sinaiticus and Codex Vaticanus) omit these verses, ending Mark's Gospel at [Mark 16:8](/mark/16-8 "Mark 16:8 - The Women's Fear"). However, other ancient manuscripts and early church fathers do include them. While many modern critical editions of the Bible note the textual variations, the longer ending has been traditionally accepted and included in most Bibles, including the King James Version, for centuries. Theologically, the content of these verses aligns with themes found elsewhere in the New Testament, particularly in [Acts](/acts/1 "The Book of Acts - The Early Church"). Ultimately, whether one views it as original to Mark or a very early, inspired addition, its theological message is generally considered consistent with biblical teaching on the power and mission of the church.

**Are the signs mentioned in Mark 16:17 (casting out devils, speaking with new tongues) still relevant for believers today?**

Answer: The relevance of these specific signs for contemporary believers is a point of ongoing theological discussion among Christians. Some traditions believe these signs were primarily for the apostolic age, serving to establish the early church and authenticate the Gospel message in its initial spread, and are therefore not normative for all believers in all times. Other traditions believe that these signs, or at least the underlying principles of divine empowerment and spiritual gifts, continue to be available and active for believers today, as the Holy Spirit continues to equip the church for its mission. Regardless of one's specific interpretation of their frequency or manifestation, the core message of [God's power at work through believers](/acts/1-8 "Acts 1:8 - Power of the Holy Spirit") for the advancement of His kingdom remains a central truth for all Christians. The purpose of these signs, as seen throughout the New Testament, is always to confirm the Word and glorify God, not for personal display.

**What is meant by "speaking with new tongues" in this verse, and how does it relate to the gift of tongues in Acts and 1 Corinthians?**

Answer: "Speaking with new tongues" (Greek: *glōssais kainais*) refers to the miraculous ability to speak in languages previously unknown to the speaker. This promise in Mark 16:17 directly anticipates the dramatic fulfillment seen on the Day of Pentecost in [Acts 2:4](/acts/2-4 "Acts 2:4 - Speaking in Tongues at Pentecost"), where the disciples spoke in various foreign languages, enabling people from diverse nations to understand the Gospel in their native tongues. This is often referred to as xenolalia (speaking in actual foreign languages). In [1 Corinthians 12-14](/1_corinthians/12 "1 Corinthians 12 - Spiritual Gifts"), Paul discusses the gift of tongues further, which can also include speaking in a language unknown to any human (often called glossolalia), primarily for personal or corporate edification when interpreted. While there are nuances between the two, both manifestations are supernatural utterances by the power of the Holy Spirit, serving to glorify God and build up the church, often as a sign to unbelievers.

### CHRIST-CENTERED FULFILLMENT
Mark 16:17 finds its ultimate fulfillment and meaning in the person and ongoing work of Jesus Christ. These promised signs are not merely arbitrary displays of power but are direct extensions of Christ's own earthly ministry, which was characterized by casting out demons, healing the sick, and proclaiming the kingdom of God with authority. The phrase "In my name" is paramount, revealing that the power to perform these signs does not originate from the believers themselves, but from their union with the resurrected Christ and their reliance on His supreme authority. It is His victory over sin, death, and the demonic forces that empowers His followers to continue His work. The signs, therefore, serve as tangible evidence that Christ is indeed alive, ascended, and actively working through His Church by the power of the Holy Spirit, fulfilling His promise that His followers would do [even greater works than He did](/john/14-12 "John 14:12 - Greater Works"). Thus, Mark 16:17 points not to human ability, but to the indwelling Christ, who empowers His disciples to be His witnesses "to the ends of the earth" (as seen in [Acts 1:8](/acts/1-8 "Acts 1:8 - Power of the Holy Spirit")), confirming the truth of the Gospel message through accompanying signs and wonders, just as [Hebrews 2:3-4](/hebrews/2-3-4 "Hebrews 2:3-4 - Confirmed by Signs and Wonders") affirms. The signs are ultimately for the glory of Christ, validating His redemptive work and the message of salvation He entrusted to His Church, making Him known as [Christ in us, the hope of glory](/colossians/1-27 "Colossians 1:27 - Christ in You, the Hope of Glory").

Note: Commentary is generated by AI with a directive for Biblical fidelity. Always rely on the Holy Spirit for discernment. The Scripture text and cross-references are from verified, non-AI sources.

Cross-References

Acts 5:16

There came also a multitude [out] of the cities round about unto Jerusalem, bringing sick folks, and them which were vexed with unclean spirits: and they were healed every one.

1 Corinthians 12:28

And God hath set some in the church, first apostles, secondarily prophets, thirdly teachers, after that miracles, then gifts of healings, helps, governments, diversities of tongues.

1 Corinthians 12:10

To another the working of miracles; to another prophecy; to another discerning of spirits; to another [divers] kinds of tongues; to another the interpretation of tongues:

Acts 8:7

For unclean spirits, crying with loud voice, came out of many that were possessed [with them]: and many taken with palsies, and that were lame, were healed.

Luke 10:17

¶ And the seventy returned again with joy, saying, Lord, even the devils are subject unto us through thy name.

Acts 10:46

For they heard them speak with tongues, and magnify God. Then answered Peter,

John 14:12

¶ Verily, verily, I say unto you, He that believeth on me, the works that I do shall he do also; and greater [works] than these shall he do; because I go unto my Father.