Genesis 47:23

KJV

Then Joseph said unto the people, Behold, I have bought you this day and your land for Pharaoh: lo, [here is] seed for you, and ye shall sow the land.

KJV (with Strong's)

Then Joseph {H3130} said {H559} unto the people {H5971}, Behold, I have bought {H7069}{H853} you this day {H3117} and your land {H127} for Pharaoh {H6547}: lo {H1887}, here is seed {H2233} for you, and ye shall sow {H2232} the land {H127}.

Complete Jewish Bible

Then Yosef said to the people, "As of today I have acquired you and your land for Pharaoh. Here is seed for you to sow the land.

Berean Standard Bible

Then Joseph said to the people, “Now that I have acquired you and your land for Pharaoh this day, here is seed for you to sow in the land.

American Standard Version

Then Joseph said unto the people, Behold, I have bought you this day and your land for Pharaoh: lo, here is seed for you, and ye shall sow the land.

Commentary

### SUMMARY
Genesis 47:23 marks a pivotal moment in Joseph's administration of Egypt during the famine, where he consolidates all the land and the people's freedom under Pharaoh's ownership. This verse details Joseph's immediate and strategic provision of seed to the newly indentured populace, empowering them to sow the land and resume agricultural production, thereby establishing a new economic and social order that ensures both the crown's authority and the nation's long-term survival.

### CONTEXT

* **Literary Context:** This verse is situated at the culmination of Joseph's famine management strategy, following a series of escalating transactions. Prior to this, the Egyptian people had progressively exhausted their money, then their livestock, in exchange for grain from Joseph's stores, as detailed in [Genesis 47:13-17](/genesis/47-13-17 "The Famine Intensifies"). When these resources were depleted, they offered their land and their very persons to Pharaoh, acknowledging their complete dependence and seeking to preserve their lives ([Genesis 47:18-19](/genesis/47-18-19 "People Sell Themselves and Land")). Joseph's declaration in [Genesis 47:23](/genesis/47-23 "Joseph Provides Seed") formalizes this transfer of ownership, establishing a new socio-economic structure. The immediate follow-up in [Genesis 47:24](/genesis/47-24 "The Fifth Part Tax") then outlines the new taxation system, where a fifth of the harvest is due to Pharaoh, demonstrating the practical implementation of the terms laid out in verse 23. This sequence highlights Joseph's methodical and comprehensive approach to governance during a national crisis.

* **Historical & Cultural Context:** Ancient Egypt was an agrarian society heavily reliant on the annual inundation of the Nile for fertile land. Famine, especially one lasting seven years as prophesied and experienced ([Genesis 41:29-30](/genesis/41-29-30 "Seven Years of Famine")), would have been catastrophic, threatening the very fabric of society. Pharaoh was considered a divine king, owning all of Egypt by right. However, private land ownership by individuals and temples was common. Joseph's actions, therefore, represent a radical centralization of power and resources, transforming the traditional land tenure system. This move was likely viewed as a necessary, albeit drastic, measure to ensure survival, as the alternative was widespread death. The concept of selling oneself into servitude or selling land due to debt or famine was not uncommon in the ancient Near East, though Joseph's consolidation of all land under the crown was unprecedented in its scale and impact.

* **Key Themes:** [Genesis 47:23](/genesis/47-23 "Joseph Provides Seed") underscores several significant themes within the broader narrative of Genesis. Firstly, it powerfully illustrates **Divine Providence**, as Joseph, guided by God's wisdom, not only saves Egypt but also preserves the lineage of Abraham through Jacob's family ([Genesis 45:7-8](/genesis/45-7-8 "God Sent Me Before You")). Secondly, it highlights the theme of **Stewardship and Wise Governance**, showcasing Joseph's exceptional administrative skills in managing a national crisis, balancing royal authority with the welfare of the people. Thirdly, the verse contributes to the theme of **Sovereignty and Dependence**, as the Egyptians relinquish their independence and property, becoming utterly dependent on Pharaoh (and by extension, Joseph) for their survival. Finally, it introduces the theme of **New Beginnings and Responsibility**, as the provision of seed signals a transition from passive consumption to active agricultural labor under a new social contract, laying the groundwork for Egypt's recovery and future prosperity, a theme that resonates throughout the [book of Genesis](/genesis/1 "The Book of Genesis").

### EXPOSITION AND ANALYSIS

#### Key Word Analysis

* **bought (Hebrew, _qânâh'_):** From H7069, meaning "to erect, i.e. create; by extension, to procure, especially by purchase (causatively, sell); by implication to own." Joseph's declaration "I have bought you this day and your land for Pharaoh" signifies a complete and legal acquisition. This was not merely a temporary lease or a form of taxation, but a fundamental transfer of ownership, consolidating all private and communal land under the direct control of the monarchy. This act solidified Pharaoh's economic and political power, making him the ultimate proprietor of the land and its people.

* **seed (Hebrew, _zeraʻ'_):** From H2233, meaning "seed; figuratively, fruit, plant, sowing-time, posterity." The word *zeraʻ* here refers to the physical grain for planting, but its broader semantic range carries profound implications. It represents the potential for future life, growth, and the continuation of existence. In the context of the famine, the provision of *zeraʻ* was an act of profound grace and foresight, transforming a state of destitution into one of renewed hope and productivity. It was the means by which the land, though now Pharaoh's, could once again yield sustenance for the people.

* **sow (Hebrew, _zâraʻ'_):** From H2232, a primitive root meaning "to sow; figuratively, to disseminate, plant, fructify." This verb indicates the active participation required from the people. Joseph's provision of seed was not a handout for immediate consumption, but an instruction to engage in labor. It underscored the principle that while provision comes from the sovereign, sustained life and prosperity require diligent effort and stewardship from the recipients. This command to "sow the land" initiates the new economic model, linking the people's labor directly to their sustenance and the crown's revenue.

#### Verse Breakdown

* **"Then Joseph said unto the people, Behold, I have bought you this day and your land for Pharaoh:"** This opening clause establishes Joseph's authority as Pharaoh's chief administrator and announces the culmination of the land and people acquisition. The phrase "I have bought you this day" signifies a completed transaction, where the people, having exhausted all other assets, offered themselves and their land in exchange for food to survive the severe famine. This act legally transferred their personal liberty and property rights to Pharaoh, making them his servants and the land his possession. It underscores the absolute power of the monarch and Joseph's role in centralizing that power.

* **"lo, [here is] seed for you, and ye shall sow the land."** This second clause immediately follows the declaration of acquisition with a promise of provision and a directive for action. The interjection "lo" (Hebrew *hêʼ*) draws attention to the critical provision being offered. Joseph provides the essential agricultural input—seed—which is necessary for future harvests. This demonstrates his compassionate and practical leadership, moving beyond mere acquisition to empower the people to become productive again. The command "ye shall sow the land" outlines the new terms of their existence: they are to work the land, which is now Pharaoh's, using his seed, to produce food. This sets the stage for the subsequent system of taxation and shared yield.

#### Literary Devices

The passage effectively employs **Practicality** and **Stewardship** as central themes, demonstrating Joseph's pragmatic and responsible governance. He doesn't merely acquire assets; he immediately implements a system for their productive use, ensuring long-term sustainability rather than short-term gain. The provision of seed can be seen as **Symbolism** for new beginnings and the potential for life even in the midst of death and destitution. It signifies a transition from passive dependence to active participation in their own sustenance. Furthermore, the entire narrative arc of Joseph's famine management, culminating in this verse, serves as **Foreshadowing** of future economic and social structures in Egypt, particularly the system of taxation described in the subsequent verses, and more broadly, the relationship between a powerful ruler and a dependent populace.

### THEOLOGICAL AND THEMATIC CONNECTIONS

This verse encapsulates the profound theological truth of divine providence working through human agency. Joseph, empowered by God's wisdom, orchestrates a system that, while consolidating earthly power, ultimately preserves life and ensures the well-being of a nation. His actions reflect a model of governance that balances strict economic realities with compassionate provision, demonstrating that true leadership seeks both the stability of the ruling authority and the welfare of the governed. The transfer of ownership to Pharaoh, followed by the provision of seed, highlights humanity's ultimate dependence on a higher sovereign for the very means of life, even as it calls for responsible labor and stewardship of what is given.

* [Genesis 50:20](/genesis/50-20 "God Meant it for Good"): Joseph's words to his brothers confirm that what was intended for evil, God used for good, preserving many lives, including his family.
* [Deuteronomy 8:18](/deuteronomy/8-18 "God Gives Power to Get Wealth"): This verse reminds us that it is God who gives us the ability to produce wealth, underscoring the divine source of all provision, even when mediated through human systems.
* [Proverbs 11:24-25](/proverbs/11-24-25 "Generosity Brings Prosperity"): The act of providing seed for future sowing, rather than hoarding, aligns with the wisdom principle that generosity and investment lead to greater prosperity and blessing.

### REFLECTION AND APPLICATION

Genesis 47:23 offers profound insights into leadership, resource management, and the nature of true provision, especially in times of crisis. Joseph's visionary approach demonstrates that effective leadership not only addresses immediate needs but also establishes sustainable systems that empower individuals for long-term productivity and dignity. His actions serve as a powerful reminder that even in dire circumstances, opportunities for new beginnings can emerge through wise and compassionate stewardship. For believers, this passage underscores the importance of responsible management of resources, whether personal or communal, and the call to be instruments of God's provision and restoration in a world facing various forms of scarcity and need. It teaches us to look beyond immediate relief to foster self-sufficiency and contribute to the common good, mirroring Joseph's commitment to both Pharaoh's interests and the people's welfare, and ultimately reflecting God's own character as provider and sustainer.

#### Questions for Reflection

* **How does Joseph's strategic leadership in this verse challenge our understanding of crisis management today, particularly regarding balancing immediate relief with long-term sustainability?**
* **In what ways can we, as individuals or communities, emulate Joseph's balance of consolidating resources (or exercising authority) with compassionate provision and empowerment?**
* **How does the concept of "sowing the land" after a period of extreme dependence apply to our spiritual lives or our engagement with God's provision?**

### FAQ

**Why did Joseph acquire all the land and people for Pharaoh?**

Answer: Joseph's actions were a strategic and necessary response to the severe seven-year famine. As the Egyptian people progressively exhausted their money, then their livestock, they reached a point of utter desperation, offering their land and themselves to Pharaoh in exchange for food to survive ([Genesis 47:18-19](/genesis/47-18-19 "People Sell Themselves and Land")). Joseph, acting as Pharaoh's administrator, formalized this transfer of ownership, centralizing control over all agricultural land and the labor force. This ensured the nation's survival by preventing widespread starvation and established a new, stable economic system that benefited the crown and provided a structured means of sustenance for the populace.

**What is the significance of Joseph providing "seed" after acquiring the land?**

Answer: The provision of "seed" in [Genesis 47:23](/genesis/47-23 "Joseph Provides Seed") was a crucial act of both mercy and practicality. It symbolized a new beginning for the Egyptian people, transitioning them from complete dependence as famine victims to active participants in food production. By giving them seed, Joseph empowered them to work the land (which now belonged to Pharaoh) and contribute to their own sustenance, ensuring long-term recovery and productivity rather than perpetual reliance on royal handouts. This strategic investment in the future of the nation demonstrated Joseph's wisdom in establishing a sustainable system that fostered self-sufficiency under the new economic order.

### CHRIST-CENTERED FULFILLMENT

Joseph, in [Genesis 47:23](/genesis/47-23 "Joseph Provides Seed"), stands as a profound type of Christ, particularly in his role as a savior and provider during a time of universal destitution. Just as Joseph, through his unparalleled wisdom and foresight, became the means of salvation for Egypt and his own family, acquiring all for Pharaoh but then graciously providing the very "seed" necessary for life and future productivity, so too does Christ act as the ultimate Redeemer. Through His redemptive work on the cross, Christ "bought" humanity, not with silver or gold, but with His precious blood ([1 Peter 1:18-19](/1_peter/1-18-19 "Redeemed by the Blood of Christ")), bringing us into His kingdom and making us His own. He then provides the spiritual "seed" of eternal life—His living Word ([Luke 8:11](/luke/8-11 "The Seed is the Word of God")) and the indwelling Holy Spirit ([Galatians 3:14](/galatians/3-14 "The Promise of the Spirit Through Faith"))—enabling believers to bear fruit for His glory ([John 15:5](/john/15-5 "Abide in Me, Bear Much Fruit")) and live a life of purpose and spiritual productivity in His service. Like Joseph, who brought a new order and sustained life in a time of death, Christ establishes a new covenant, offering spiritual sustenance and a new beginning to all who come to Him, transforming a state of spiritual destitution into one of abundant life and participation in His divine economy ([John 10:10](/john/10-10 "I Have Come That They May Have Life")).

Note: Commentary is generated by AI with a directive for Biblical fidelity. Always rely on the Holy Spirit for discernment. The Scripture text and cross-references are from verified, non-AI sources.

Cross-References

2 Corinthians 9:10

Now he that ministereth seed to the sower both minister bread for [your] food, and multiply your seed sown, and increase the fruits of your righteousness;)

Genesis 45:6

For these two years [hath] the famine [been] in the land: and yet [there are] five years, in the which [there shall] neither [be] earing nor harvest.

Isaiah 28:24

Doth the plowman plow all day to sow? doth he open and break the clods of his ground?

Isaiah 28:25

When he hath made plain the face thereof, doth he not cast abroad the fitches, and scatter the cummin, and cast in the principal wheat and the appointed barley and the rie in their place?

Isaiah 55:10

For as the rain cometh down, and the snow from heaven, and returneth not thither, but watereth the earth, and maketh it bring forth and bud, that it may give seed to the sower, and bread to the eater:

Psalms 107:36

And there he maketh the hungry to dwell, that they may prepare a city for habitation;

Psalms 107:37

And sow the fields, and plant vineyards, which may yield fruits of increase.