Psalms44

The psalm begins by recounting God's mighty acts of deliverance for their ancestors, emphasizing that victory came solely through divine power and favor, not human strength. However, the psalmist then laments a present state of defeat and shame, feeling abandoned by God and scattered among the nations. Despite this suffering, the people affirm their faithfulness to God's covenant and earnestly plead for His intervention and redemption.
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Remembering God's Past Deliverance

1
We have heard with our ears, O God, Our fathers have told us, What work thou didst in their days, In the days of old. ​
2
Thou didst drive out the nations with thy hand; But them thou didst plant: Thou didst afflict the peoples; But them thou didst spread abroad.
3
For they gat not the land in possession by their own sword, Neither did their own arm save them; But thy right hand, and thine arm, and the light of thy countenance, Because thou wast favorable unto them. ​
4
Thou art my King, O God: Command deliverance for Jacob. ​
5
Through thee will we push down our adversaries: Through thy name will we tread them under that rise up against us.
6
For I will not trust in my bow, Neither shall my sword save me.
7
But thou hast saved us from our adversaries, And hast put them to shame that hate us.
8
In God have we made our boast all the day long, And we will give thanks unto thy name for ever. [Selah ​

The Present State of Defeat and Rejection

9
But now thou hast cast us off, and brought us to dishonor, And goest not forth with our hosts. ​
10
Thou makest us to turn back from the adversary; And they that hate us take spoil for themselves.
11
Thou hast made us like sheep appointed for food, And hast scattered us among the nations. ​
12
Thou sellest thy people for nought, And hast not increased thy wealth by their price. ​
13
Thou makest us a reproach to our neighbors, A scoffing and a derision to them that are round about us.
14
Thou makest us a byword among the nations, A shaking of the head among the peoples. ​
15
All the day long is my dishonor before me, And the shame of my face hath covered me,
16
For the voice of him that reproacheth and blasphemeth, By reason of the enemy and the avenger.

Protestation of Covenant Faithfulness

17
All this is come upon us; yet have we not forgotten thee, Neither have we dealt falsely in thy covenant. ​
18
Our heart is not turned back, Neither have our steps declined from thy way,
19
That thou hast sore broken us in the place of jackals, And covered us with the shadow of death. ​
20
If we have forgotten the name of our God, Or spread forth our hands to a strange god;
21
Will not God search this out? For he knoweth the secrets of the heart.
22
Yea, for thy sake are we killed all the day long; We are accounted as sheep for the slaughter. ​

Desperate Plea for Divine Intervention

23
Awake, why sleepest thou, O Lord? Arise, cast us not off for ever. ​
24
Wherefore hidest thou thy face, And forgettest our affliction and our oppression? ​
25
For our soul is bowed down to the dust: Our body cleaveth unto the earth.
26
Rise up for our help, And redeem us for thy lovingkindness’ sake. ​

Study Notes for Psalms 44

Verse 1

This psalm, a communal lament by the Sons of Korah (a guild of temple singers), begins by grounding their faith in the historical testimony of God’s ancient, miraculous deeds establishing Israel.

Verse 3

The psalm emphasizes a core theological principle: the conquest of Canaan was achieved entirely by God’s power and favor, not Israel’s military might, setting up a contrast with their present defeat.

Verse 4

The shift to 'Thou art my King, O God' moves the focus from past history to a present personal declaration of reliance, asserting God’s sovereign right to command deliverance now.

Verse 8

Selah marks a pause, concluding the section of historical remembrance and confident boasting in God, setting the stage for the abrupt change in tone that follows.

Verse 9

The abrupt 'But' (or 'Yet') introduces the central lament. The people feel abandoned and humiliated, experiencing military defeat instead of the promised divine aid.

Verse 11

The imagery of being treated 'like sheep appointed for meat' emphasizes their utter vulnerability and the violence they face, suggesting they are helpless victims of a divine decree.

Verse 12

To 'sell his people for nought' means God allowed them to be conquered or exiled without gaining any profit or advantage, making the rejection seem both painful and purposeless.

Verse 14

A 'byword' and 'shaking of the head' indicates they have become a source of proverbial mockery and contempt among surrounding nations.

Verse 17

This is the pivotal point of the lament: the people affirm their covenant fidelity. Their suffering is not, in their view, the result of apostasy or disobedience, intensifying the mystery of God’s actions.

Verse 19

The 'place of dragons' (Hebrew: *tannim*) refers to a desolate, dangerous wilderness or ruin, often symbolic of chaos, death, and exile.

Verse 22

This verse states that their suffering is endured specifically 'for thy sake,' implying persecution because of their identity as God's people. Paul quotes this verse in Romans 8:36 concerning Christian suffering.

Verse 23

The psalmist uses bold, anthropomorphic language, calling for God to 'Awake.' This is a rhetorical device challenging God’s apparent inactivity in the face of their imminent destruction.

Verse 24

'Hiding thy face' is a biblical idiom for withdrawing favor, ignoring prayers, or demonstrating divine displeasure and abandonment.

Verse 26

The final petition appeals directly to God’s *hesed* (steadfast love or mercy), abandoning the appeal to justice (vv. 17-22) and relying solely on divine compassion for redemption.

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