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The Death of Jesus
Matthew 27:45-54
45
Now from the sixth hour there was darkness over all the land until the ninth hour.
46
About the ninth hour Yeshua cried with a loud voice, saying, “Eli, Eli, lima sabachthani?” That is, “My God, my God, why have you forsaken me?”
47
Some of them who stood there, when they heard it, said, “This man is calling Elijah.”
48
Immediately one of them ran, and took a sponge, and filled it with vinegar, and put it on a reed, and gave him a drink.
49
The rest said, “Let him be. Let’s see whether Elijah comes to save him.”
50
Yeshua cried again with a loud voice, and yielded up his spirit.
The Death and Immediate Aftermath
51
Behold, the veil of the temple was torn in two from the top to the bottom. The earth quaked and the rocks were split.
52
The tombs were opened, and many bodies of the holy ones who had fallen asleep were raised;
53
and coming out of the tombs after his resurrection, they entered into the holy city and appeared to many.
54
Now the centurion, and those who were with him watching Yeshua, when they saw the earthquake, and the things that were done, feared exceedingly, saying, “Truly this was the Son of God.”
Study this passage
Commentary written on this passage, not on a single verse.
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Where else Scripture says this.
Psalms 22:1
My God, my God, why have you forsaken me? Why are you so far from helping me, and from the words of my groaning?from verse 46Hebrews 5:7
He, in the days of his flesh, having offered up prayers and petitions with strong crying and tears to him who was able to save him from death, and having been heard for his godly fear,from verse 46Isaiah 53:10
Yet it pleased the LORD to bruise him. He has caused him to suffer. When you make his soul an offering for sin, he shall see his seed. He shall prolong his days, and the pleasure of the LORD shall prosper in his hand.from verse 46Mark 15:34
At the ninth hour Yeshua cried with a loud voice, saying, “Eloi, Eloi, lama sabachthani?” which is, being interpreted, “My God, my God, why have you forsaken me?”from verse 45Psalms 71:11
saying, “God has forsaken him. Pursue and take him, for no one will rescue him.”from verse 46John 19:28
After this, Yeshua, seeing that all things were now finished, that the Scripture might be fulfilled, said, “I am thirsty.”from verse 46John 19:30
When Yeshua therefore had received the vinegar, he said, “It is finished.” He bowed his head, and gave up his spirit.from verse 46Isaiah 26:19
Your dead shall live. My dead bodies shall arise. Awake and sing, you who dwell in the dust; for your dew is like the dew of herbs, and the earth will cast out the departed spirits.from verse 52Luke 23:46
Yeshua, crying with a loud voice, said, “Father, into your hands I commit my spirit!” Having said this, he breathed his last.from verse 46Hebrews 10:19
Having therefore, brothers, boldness to enter into the holy place by the blood of Yeshua,from verse 51Hebrews 10:22
let’s draw near with a true heart in fullness of faith, having our hearts sprinkled from an evil conscience, and having our body washed with pure water,from verse 511 Thessalonians 4:14
For if we believe that Yeshua died and rose again, even so God will bring with him those who have fallen asleep in Yeshua.from verse 52
Historical interpretation
Twelve Centuries of Reception
67 surviving comments on this passage. Each one is dated, so this reads as a timeline rather than a list.
Ante-NicenePost-NiceneEarly MedievalMedieval
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Select a marker to jump to its quote. Markers stagger vertically where authors wrote within a few decades of each other.
How shall we be able to live apart from Him, whose disciples the prophets themselves in the Spirit did wait for Him as their Teacher? And therefore He whom they rightly waited for, having come, raised them from the dead.
Ad Polycarp. Ep. 7: When we were together at Heliopolis, we both observed such an interference of the moon with the sun quite unexpectedly, for it was not the season of their conjunction; and then from the ninth hour until evening, beyond the power of nature, continuing in a direct line between us and the sun. And this obscuration we saw begin from the east, and so pass to the extreme of the sun's orb, and again return back the same way, being thus the very reverse ofan ordinary eclipse.
And so the "pressure" must be maintained up to that hour in which the orb-involved from the sixth hour in a general darkness-performed for its dead Lord a sorrowful act of duty; so that we too may then return to enjoyment when the universe regained its sunshine. If this savours more of the spirit of Christian religion, while it celebrates more the glory of Christ, I am equally able, from the self-same order of events, to fix the condition of late protraction of the Station; (namely), that we are to fast till a late hour, awaiting the time of the Lord's sepulture, when Joseph took down and entombed the body which he had requested.
We have, moreover, in that other Gospel a clear revelation, i.e. of the Son's distinction from the Father, "My God, why hast Thou forsaken me? " and again, (in the third Gospel, ) "Father, into Thy hands I commend my spirit.
He exclaims that God had forsaken Him. He commends His spirit into the hands of the Father.
However, if you persist in pushing your views further, I shall find means of answering you with greater stringency, and of meeting you with the exclamation of the Lord Himself, so as to challenge you with the question, What is your inquiry and reasoning about that? You have Him exclaiming in the midst of His passion: "My God, my God, why hast Thou forsaken me? " Either, then, the Son suffered, being "forsaken" by the Father, and the Father consequently suffered nothing, inasmuch as He forsook the Son; or else, if it was the Father who suffered, then to what God was it that He addressed His cry? But this was the voice of flesh and soul, that is to say, of man-not of the Word and Spirit, that is to say, not of God; and it was uttered so as to prove the impassibility of God, who "forsook" His Son, so far as He handed over His human substance to the suffering of death.
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