Proverbs22

Proverbs 22 emphasizes that a good name and divine favor are more valuable than great riches, acknowledging the Lord as the maker of both rich and poor. It advocates for prudence, the proper training of children, and generosity, while warning against slothfulness and the oppression of the poor. The chapter concludes with admonitions against harmful associations and encourages diligence.
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Value of Reputation and Character

1
Agoodname is rather to be chosen than great riches, And loving favor rather than silver and gold. ​
2
The rich and the poor meet together: Jehovah is the maker of them all. ​
3
A prudent man seeth the evil, and hideth himself; But the simple pass on, and suffer for it.
4
The reward of humility and the fear of Jehovah Isriches, and honor, and life. ​
5
Thornsandsnares are in the way of the perverse: He that keepeth his soul shall be far from them.
6
Train up a child in the way he should go, And even when he is old he will not depart from it. ​
7
The rich ruleth over the poor; And the borrower is servant to the lender. ​
8
He that soweth iniquity shall reap calamity; And the rod of his wrath shall fail. ​
9
He that hath a bountiful eye shall be blessed; For he giveth of his bread to the poor.
10
Cast out the scoffer, and contention will go out; Yea, strife and ignominy will cease. ​
11
He that loveth pureness of heart, Forthe grace of his lips the king will be his friend.
12
The eyes of Jehovah preservehim that hathknowledge; But he overthroweth the words of the treacherous man.
13
The sluggard saith, There is a lion without; I shall be slain in the streets. ​
14
The mouth of strange women is a deep pit; He that is abhorred of Jehovah shall fall therein. ​
15
Foolishness is bound up in the heart of a child; Butthe rod of correction shall drive it far from him.
16
He that oppresseth the poor to increase his gain, Andhe that giveth to the rich, shall come only to want. ​

Introduction to the Words of the Wise

17
Incline thine ear, and hear the words of the wise, And apply thy heart unto my knowledge. ​
18
For it is a pleasant thing if thou keep them within thee, If they be established together upon thy lips.
19
That thy trust may be in Jehovah, I have madethemknown to thee this day, even to thee. ​
20
Have not I written unto thee excellent things Of counsels and knowledge, ​
21
To make thee know the certainty of the words of truth, That thou mayest carry back words of truth to them that send thee? ​

Specific Instructions on Justice and Relationships

22
Rob not the poor, because he is poor; Neither oppress the afflicted in the gate: ​
23
For Jehovah will plead their cause, And despoil of life those that despoil them. ​
24
Make no friendship with a man that is given to anger; And with a wrathful man thou shalt not go:
25
Lest thou learn his ways, And get a snare to thy soul. ​
26
Be thou not one of them that strike hands, Orof them that are sureties for debts. ​
27
If thou hast not wherewith to pay, Why should he take away thy bed from under thee?
28
Remove not the ancient landmark, Which thy fathers have set. ​
29
Seest thou a man diligent in his business? he shall stand before kings; He shall not stand before mean men. ​

Study Notes for Proverbs 22

Verse 1

This proverb establishes the enduring priority of moral integrity and social standing (a 'good name') over fleeting material wealth, a foundational theme in biblical wisdom literature.

Verse 2

This theological statement underpins social ethics. Since the LORD created both the rich and the poor, shared humanity and divine creation negate status claims and demand impartial treatment.

Verse 4

Humility (or 'the consequence of') paired with 'the fear of the LORD' is presented as the source of ultimate, comprehensive blessing: spiritual prosperity, honor, and longevity.

Verse 6

This famous instruction emphasizes the critical role of early moral and practical education in shaping lifelong character. The phrase 'in the way he should go' can also be translated 'according to his way' (i.e., his temperament or calling).

Verse 7

This verse describes the harsh reality of economic disparity, highlighting the dangers of debt and dependence in ancient society. The borrower loses autonomy and becomes subject to the lender.

Verse 8

This proverb expresses the principle of proportional consequence ('reaping what one sows'). The 'rod of his anger' refers to the instrument of the oppressor's power, which is destined to fail.

Verse 10

The scorner (cynic or mocker) is identified as the root cause of societal unrest and conflict. Removing the source of arrogance often restores community peace.

Verse 13

This vivid image satirizes the laziness of the sluggard, who invents improbable dangers ('a lion without') to avoid productive work.

Verse 14

Falling into the trap of the 'strange women' (the adulteress) is presented as a sign of God's rejection, indicating severe moral failure and divine displeasure.

Verse 16

Both actions—oppressing the marginalized and giving bribes to the wealthy—are condemned as exploitative practices that ultimately lead the perpetrator to financial ruin or 'want'.

Verse 17

This verse marks the formal beginning of a new major section (Prov. 22:17–24:22), shifting from short, isolated proverbs to longer, direct instructions from a teacher to a student.

Verse 19

The ultimate goal of this wisdom instruction is not merely ethical living but fostering deep reliance and enduring trust in the LORD (Yahweh).

Verse 20

The Hebrew text here is often interpreted as a reference to 'thirty sayings,' emphasizing the structured nature of the instructions that follow, paralleling similar wisdom collections from the ancient Near East.

Verse 21

Wisdom provides assurance and equips the student to speak truth confidently, enabling them to offer reliable counsel or answers on legal and moral matters.

Verse 22

This begins the first of several specific, structured instructions focusing on social justice and the protection of vulnerable groups, especially the poor and afflicted.

Verse 23

This theological warning assures that God acts as the divine advocate (or 'kinsman redeemer') for the oppressed, promising personal judgment against those who exploit them.

Verse 25

Association with the wicked inevitably leads to adopting their destructive behaviors, ensnaring the soul in moral danger and bringing about negative consequences.

Verse 26

Being a guarantor (surety) for another’s debt was a high-risk financial practice in the ancient world, often leading to destitution for the guarantor if the debtor defaulted.

Verse 28

Ancient markers defined property lines. Moving them constituted theft, violated established communal order, and was strictly forbidden under Covenant Law (Deut 19:14).

Verse 29

This instruction praises practical diligence and skill in one’s trade, promising professional advancement and recognition in the highest levels of society ('stand before kings').

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