1 Timothy 2:10

KJV

But (which becometh women professing godliness) with good works.

KJV (with Strong's)

But {G235}(which {G3739} becometh {G4241} women {G1135} professing {G1861} godliness {G2317}) with {G1223} good {G18} works {G2041}.

Complete Jewish Bible

Rather, they should adorn themselves with what is appropriate for women who claim to be worshipping God, namely, good deeds.

Berean Standard Bible

but with good deeds, as is proper for women who profess to worship God.

American Standard Version

but (which becometh women professing godliness) through good works.

Commentary

### SUMMARY
First Timothy 2:10 serves as a profound directive from the Apostle Paul, emphasizing that the true adornment for women who claim to live a life devoted to God is not found in external displays of wealth or fashion, but rather in the consistent and visible demonstration of genuine piety through a life characterized by morally excellent and beneficial deeds. This verse underscores the biblical principle that authentic faith is always accompanied by corresponding actions, presenting good works as the most fitting and beautiful expression of godliness.

### CONTEXT
* **Literary Context:** This verse is an integral part of Paul's instructions to Timothy concerning order and conduct within the early church in Ephesus, specifically within the broader discussion of public worship in [1 Timothy 2](/1_timothy/2 "1 Timothy 2 - Instructions for Public Worship"). It follows directly from [1 Timothy 2:9](/1_timothy/2-9 "1 Timothy 2:9 - Modest Apparel for Women"), which addresses the outward appearance of women, advising them to dress modestly and discreetly, "not with broided hair, or gold, or pearls, or costly array." Verse 10 acts as a crucial counterpoint and progression, shifting the focus from what *not* to wear to what *should* characterize a godly woman: a life adorned with good works. Paul consistently moves beyond superficial regulations to the heart of Christian living, emphasizing that external practices must flow from internal transformation and be expressed through tangible actions. This transition highlights Paul's holistic view of discipleship, where inner character and outward conduct are inextricably linked.
* **Historical & Cultural Context:** Ephesus was a prominent city in the Roman province of Asia, known for its wealth, diverse population, and the magnificent Temple of Artemis. The culture was often characterized by ostentatious displays of status, particularly through elaborate clothing, hairstyles, and jewelry. Within this environment, some Christian women, perhaps influenced by societal norms or misunderstanding Christian freedom, might have been tempted to display their wealth or status in ways that were disruptive, drew undue attention, or created divisions within the nascent church. Paul's instruction aims to counter such tendencies, promoting humility, unity, and a focus on spiritual values over material ones. Furthermore, the early church was establishing its identity and practices, and Paul's letters to Timothy and Titus provide essential guidance for maintaining order, sound doctrine, and a faithful witness in a pagan world. The emphasis on "good works" would have resonated with the Greco-Roman understanding of virtue, but Paul redefines it within a Christian framework, rooted in faith and love for God and neighbor.
* **Key Themes:** The primary theme is the nature of **authentic godliness**. Paul challenges a superficial understanding of piety, asserting that true reverence for God is not merely a verbal profession or an external show, but a lived reality demonstrated through actions. This connects to the broader biblical theme of **faith and works**, where works are presented not as a means of salvation but as the inevitable fruit and evidence of genuine faith (as seen in [Ephesians 2:10](/ephesians/2-10 "Ephesians 2:10 - Created for Good Works") and [James 2:17-18](/james/2-17-18 "James 2:17-18 - Faith Without Works Is Dead")). Another key theme is **proper adornment**. Paul redefines beauty and worth, suggesting that the most "becoming" or appropriate adornment for a Christian woman is not material wealth but a life of service and righteousness. This aligns with the emphasis on **inner transformation** over outward conformity, a recurring motif in Paul's epistles (e.g., [Romans 12:2](/romans/12-2 "Romans 12:2 - Transformed by the Renewing of Your Mind")). The verse also contributes to the theme of **order and conduct in the church**, setting standards for how believers, particularly women, should live in a manner that honors God and edifies the community.

### EXPOSITION AND ANALYSIS

#### Key Word Analysis
* **women (Greek, _gynḗ_):** This term refers to adult females. In this context, it specifically designates the women within the Ephesian Christian community to whom Paul's instructions are directed, emphasizing their particular role and responsibilities within the church and society.
* **professing (Greek, _epangéllō_):** Derived from a word meaning "to announce upon (reflexively)," this term signifies engaging to do something or asserting something about oneself. It implies a public declaration or a claim to a particular identity or belief, in this case, a profession of faith or allegiance to God.
* **godliness (Greek, _theosébeia_):** This word denotes devoutness or piety. It describes a life characterized by reverence for God, a deep respect, and worship that permeates one's entire being and conduct. It is the internal disposition that should manifest externally.
* **good (Greek, _agathós_):** A primary word meaning "good" in any sense. Here, it refers to actions that are morally excellent, beneficial, virtuous, and intrinsically pleasing to God. It distinguishes these works from merely neutral or self-serving deeds.
* **works (Greek, _érgon_):** This term signifies toil, effort, or, by implication, an act or deed. In this context, it refers to tangible actions and behaviors that are the outward expression of one's inner faith and character.

#### Verse Breakdown
* **"But (which becometh women professing godliness)":** The conjunction "But" (G235, _allá_) introduces a contrast or alternative to the previous verse's negative injunctions regarding outward adornment. The phrase "which becometh" (G4241, _prépō_) means "it is fit or right," indicating what is appropriate, suitable, or proper for a particular group. Here, it specifies what is fitting for "women professing godliness." This highlights that their public declaration of devotion to God carries an expectation of a corresponding lifestyle. Their claim to godliness should be visibly consistent with their behavior.
* **"with good works.":** This clause specifies the manner or means by which women professing godliness should adorn themselves. The preposition "with" (G1223, _diá_) indicates the channel or instrument. Instead of external finery, their true and fitting adornment is to be "good works" (G18, _agathós_ + G2041, _érgon_). This emphasizes that their actions, deeds, and conduct are the most authentic and beautiful expression of their spiritual identity and commitment to God. These works are not merely charitable acts but encompass all morally excellent and beneficial behaviors that flow from a transformed heart and honor God.

#### Literary Devices
Paul employs several literary devices in this concise verse. Primarily, there is a clear **Contrast** established between the external adornments mentioned in [1 Timothy 2:9](/1_timothy/2-9 "1 Timothy 2:9 - Modest Apparel") (braided hair, gold, pearls, costly array) and the internal, action-oriented "good works" of [1 Timothy 2:10](/1_timothy/2-10 "1 Timothy 2:10 - Adorned with Good Works"). This contrast highlights the superiority of spiritual values over material ones. The concept of "good works" serving as an adornment functions as a **Metaphor**, where righteous deeds are presented as the true and most beautiful "clothing" or embellishment for a godly woman. This metaphor elevates the significance of character and conduct above fleeting external beauty. Furthermore, the phrase "becometh" (or "is fitting for") carries a strong sense of **Emphasis** on appropriateness and consistency. Paul is not merely suggesting an option but prescribing the proper and expected behavior for those who claim to follow God, reinforcing the idea that one's profession of faith must be validated by their life.

### THEOLOGICAL AND THEMATIC CONNECTIONS
This verse powerfully articulates the biblical truth that genuine faith is never a passive intellectual assent but an active, living reality that manifests in tangible ways. It underscores the inseparability of belief and behavior, emphasizing that our profession of godliness must be substantiated by our deeds. Theologically, good works are presented not as a means to earn salvation, but as the natural and necessary fruit of a transformed life, empowered by the Holy Spirit. They are the visible evidence of an invisible faith, bringing glory to God and serving as a witness to the world. This aligns with the broader New Testament teaching that believers are "created in Christ Jesus unto good works" ([Ephesians 2:10](/ephesians/2-10 "Ephesians 2:10 - Created for Good Works")) and that our light should shine before others so they may see our good works and glorify our Father in heaven ([Matthew 5:16](/matthew/5-16 "Matthew 5:16 - Let Your Light Shine")).

* [Matthew 5:16](/matthew/5-16 "Matthew 5:16 - Let Your Light Shine")
* [Ephesians 2:10](/ephesians/2-10 "Ephesians 2:10 - Created for Good Works")
* [James 2:17](/james/2-17 "James 2:17 - Faith Without Works Is Dead")

### REFLECTION AND APPLICATION
First Timothy 2:10 challenges all believers, not just women, to examine the authenticity of their faith. It prompts us to consider whether our outward actions truly align with our inward profession of godliness. In a world often preoccupied with external appearances and superficial displays, this verse calls us to prioritize character and service. It encourages us to cultivate a life where our devotion to God is not merely spoken but visibly demonstrated through acts of kindness, compassion, integrity, and service to others. For those who "profess godliness," the call is to ensure that their lives are a consistent and compelling witness to the transforming power of Christ. This means actively seeking opportunities to do good, to serve the church and the community, and to live in a way that reflects the righteousness and love of God. Ultimately, our good works become the most beautiful and enduring adornment, bringing glory to God and drawing others to Him.

#### Questions for Reflection
* **In what specific ways do my daily actions reflect my profession of godliness?**
* **What "good works" might God be calling me to engage in more intentionally, both within and outside the church?**
* **How might I shift my focus from external appearances to cultivating a heart and life adorned with righteous deeds?**
* **Am I genuinely seeking to glorify God through my actions, or am I more concerned with human approval?**

### FAQ
**Does this verse mean that women should not care about their appearance at all?**

Answer: Not at all. [1 Timothy 2:9](/1_timothy/2-9 "1 Timothy 2:9 - Modest Apparel") actually advises women to dress "modestly, with decency and propriety." The emphasis in [1 Timothy 2:10](/1_timothy/2-10 "1 Timothy 2:10 - Adorned with Good Works") is not on neglecting appearance, but on prioritizing what truly adorns a believer. It's a shift from external, potentially ostentatious displays to the internal character and outward actions that genuinely reflect godliness. The point is that while modesty is appropriate, the ultimate and most fitting "adornment" for a woman who claims to follow God is a life rich in good works, which speaks far more powerfully than any outward show.

**What exactly are "good works" in this context?**

Answer: "Good works" (Greek: _érgon agathós_) refers to deeds that are morally excellent, beneficial, and commendable in God's sight. This is a broad category encompassing acts of charity, service, hospitality, kindness, integrity, justice, and any behavior that reflects the character of Christ and aligns with God's will. It's not limited to grand gestures but includes the consistent, everyday expressions of love for God and neighbor. These works are the natural outflow of a heart transformed by faith, as seen in passages like [Ephesians 2:10](/ephesians/2-10 "Ephesians 2:10 - Created for Good Works"), where believers are described as God's handiwork, "created in Christ Jesus to do good works."

**Is this instruction only for women, or does it apply to men too?**

Answer: While the immediate context of [1 Timothy 2:10](/1_timothy/2-10 "1 Timothy 2:10 - Adorned with Good Works") is specifically addressing women, the underlying principle that genuine faith is evidenced by good works is universal for all believers. Paul frequently emphasizes the importance of good works for both men and women throughout his epistles (e.g., [Titus 2:7](/titus/2-7 "Titus 2:7 - Be an Example of Good Works"), [Titus 3:8](/titus/3-8 "Titus 3:8 - Devote Themselves to Good Works")). This verse serves as a particular application of a broader biblical truth, reminding everyone that their profession of faith must be accompanied by a life of active obedience and service.

### CHRIST-CENTERED FULFILLMENT
First Timothy 2:10, while specifically addressing the conduct of women, finds its ultimate fulfillment and deepest meaning in the person and work of Jesus Christ. He is the supreme example of a life perfectly adorned with "good works," not merely professing godliness but embodying it in every action. Christ's entire earthly ministry was a continuous demonstration of good works, from healing the sick and feeding the hungry to teaching the truth and ultimately offering Himself as the perfect sacrifice for sin ([Acts 10:38](/acts/10-38 "Acts 10:38 - Jesus Went About Doing Good")). His life perfectly exemplified the self-sacrificial love and obedience that define true godliness. Furthermore, it is through Christ's redemptive work on the cross that believers are not only forgiven but also empowered by the Holy Spirit to live lives characterized by these very "good works." We are "created in Christ Jesus unto good works, which God hath before ordained that we should walk in them" ([Ephesians 2:10](/ephesians/2-10 "Ephesians 2:10 - Created for Good Works")). Thus, our good works are not merely human effort but the fruit of Christ's life within us, enabling us to reflect His glory and bear witness to His transforming power, ultimately pointing back to Him as the source and perfecter of our faith and our deeds ([Hebrews 12:2](/hebrews/12-2 "Hebrews 12:2 - Jesus, the Author and Finisher of Our Faith")).

Note: Commentary is generated by AI with a directive for Biblical fidelity. Always rely on the Holy Spirit for discernment. The Scripture text and cross-references are from verified, non-AI sources.

Cross-References

1 Peter 2:12

Having your conversation honest among the Gentiles: that, whereas they speak against you as evildoers, they may by [your] good works, which they shall behold, glorify God in the day of visitation.

1 Peter 3:3

Whose adorning let it not be that outward [adorning] of plaiting the hair, and of wearing of gold, or of putting on of apparel;

1 Peter 3:5

For after this manner in the old time the holy women also, who trusted in God, adorned themselves, being in subjection unto their own husbands:

Acts 9:36

¶ Now there was at Joppa a certain disciple named Tabitha, which by interpretation is called Dorcas: this woman was full of good works and almsdeeds which she did.

Proverbs 31:31

Give her of the fruit of her hands; and let her own works praise her in the gates.

Revelation 2:19

I know thy works, and charity, and service, and faith, and thy patience, and thy works; and the last [to be] more than the first.

2 Peter 3:11

¶ [Seeing] then [that] all these things shall be dissolved, what manner [of persons] ought ye to be in [all] holy conversation and godliness,