Revelation 1:13

KJV

And in the midst of the seven candlesticks [one] like unto the Son of man, clothed with a garment down to the foot, and girt about the paps with a golden girdle.

KJV (with Strong's)

And {G2532} in {G1722} the midst {G3319} of the seven {G2033} candlesticks {G3087} one like {G3664} unto the Son {G5207} of man {G444}, clothed with a garment {G1746} down to the foot {G4158}, and {G2532} girt {G4024} about {G4314} the paps {G3149} with a golden {G5552} girdle {G2223}.

Complete Jewish Bible

and among the menorahs was someone like a Son of Man, wearing a robe down to his feet and a gold band around his chest.

Berean Standard Bible

and among the lampstands was One like the Son of Man, dressed in a long robe, with a golden sash around His chest.

American Standard Version

and in the midst of the candlesticks one like unto a son of man, clothed with a garment down to the foot, and girt about at the breasts with a golden girdle.

Commentary

### SUMMARY
Revelation 1:13 presents John's awe-inspiring vision of the resurrected and glorified Christ, standing majestically amidst the seven golden lampstands. This foundational image introduces the divine authority and intimate presence of Jesus Christ over His church, setting the stage for the subsequent messages to the seven churches and the unfolding prophetic narrative of the book. The detailed description of His attire—a long priestly robe and a golden girdle—underscores His exalted status as both sovereign King and High Priest.

### CONTEXT
* **Literary Context:** This verse is an integral part of John's initial vision in the Book of Revelation, immediately following his hearing of a loud voice like a trumpet and his turning to identify its source. In [Revelation 1:12](/revelation/1-12 "Revelation 1:12 - John sees the seven golden lampstands"), John first beholds "seven golden candlesticks" (lampstands), which are explicitly identified later in [Revelation 1:20](/revelation/1-20 "Revelation 1:20 - The Mystery of the Seven Lampstands and Stars") as symbolizing the seven churches of Asia Minor. Thus, [Revelation 1:13](/revelation/1-13 "Revelation 1:13 - Vision of the Son of Man") provides the crucial revelation of the figure standing "in the midst" of these lampstands, establishing Christ's central position, oversight, and intimate connection with His gathered people. This vision precedes and validates the authoritative messages Christ delivers to each church.

* **Historical & Cultural Context:** John, exiled on the island of Patmos for his testimony of Jesus ([Revelation 1:9](/revelation/1-9 "Revelation 1:9 - John's Exile on Patmos")), receives this revelation during a period of intense persecution for early Christians under the Roman Empire, likely during the reign of Emperor Domitian. The seven churches addressed (Ephesus, Smyrna, Pergamum, Thyatira, Sardis, Philadelphia, Laodicea) were real congregations in the Roman province of Asia (modern-day Turkey), facing various internal and external pressures. The imagery used in the vision, particularly the priestly and kingly garments, would have resonated deeply with a Jewish-Christian audience familiar with Old Testament temple practices and royal protocols, while also conveying universal themes of divine authority and majesty understandable within the broader Roman cultural context.

* **Key Themes:** [Revelation 1:13](/revelation/1-13 "Revelation 1:13 - Vision of the Son of Man") contributes significantly to several overarching themes in Revelation. Firstly, it powerfully establishes **Christ's Active Presence and Authority** within His church; His position "in the midst of the seven candlesticks" signifies His constant, intimate involvement and sovereign oversight. Secondly, the description of the figure as "one like unto the Son of man" highlights **The "Son of Man" Identity**, a title Jesus frequently used for Himself during His earthly ministry, emphasizing both His humanity and His divine authority as seen in [Daniel 7:13-14](/daniel/7-13-14 "Daniel 7:13-14 - The Son of Man Receives Dominion"). In Revelation, this title underscores His judicial power, ultimate sovereignty, and messianic fulfillment. Thirdly, the **Priestly and Kingly Attire** described—a long robe and a golden girdle—symbolizes His exalted status as both our [great High Priest](/hebrews/4-14 "Hebrews 4:14 - Jesus, Our Great High Priest") who intercedes for His people, reminiscent of the garments described in [Exodus 28:4](/exodus/28-4 "Exodus 28:4 - Priestly Garments"), and the sovereign King ready to execute judgment and reign.

### EXPOSITION AND ANALYSIS

#### Key Word Analysis
* **like (Greek, _hómoios'_):** This word, meaning "similar in appearance or character," is crucial. The text does not say "the Son of Man" directly but "one *like unto* the Son of man." This subtle distinction emphasizes that while the figure is undeniably Jesus, He is seen in a glorified, transcendent form, beyond His earthly appearance, yet still recognizable by His divine identity and attributes. It links Him to the prophetic figure of [Daniel 7:13](/daniel/7-13 "Daniel 7:13 - The Son of Man Coming with Clouds").
* **garment down to the foot (Greek, _podḗrēs'_):** This term refers to a long robe that reaches the ankles. In the ancient world, such a garment signified high status, dignity, and often a sacred or official position. It was characteristic attire for priests, kings, and other figures of authority. Its use here immediately conveys the solemnity and majesty of the one appearing, strongly alluding to His priestly and royal offices.
* **girdle (Greek, _zṓnē'_):** A belt or sash. The addition of "golden" (G5552, _chrýseos_) to this girdle elevates its significance. While a girdle typically secures a garment and allows for freedom of movement, a golden girdle worn high on the chest ("about the paps") speaks of supreme value, divine majesty, and readiness for action. It is often associated with kingly or priestly authority, as seen in the attire of the Old Testament high priest.

#### Verse Breakdown
* **"And in the midst of the seven candlesticks":** This phrase immediately establishes Christ's central and intimate position among His churches. The "seven candlesticks" (lampstands) are later revealed to represent the seven churches (see [Revelation 1:20](/revelation/1-20 "Revelation 1:20 - The Mystery of the Seven Lampstands and Stars")). Christ is not a distant ruler but actively present, overseeing, sustaining, and illuminating His people. His presence signifies His ownership and authority over them.
* **"[one] like unto the Son of man":** This is a profound Christological statement. The term "Son of Man" (Greek, _huios anthropou_) was Jesus's favorite self-designation during His earthly ministry, linking Him to humanity while also carrying messianic and judicial connotations from [Daniel 7:13](/daniel/7-13 "Daniel 7:13 - Daniel's Vision of the Son of Man"). Here, in His glorified state, it emphasizes His divine authority, His role as universal judge, and His ultimate sovereignty, while still affirming His true humanity. The "like unto" suggests a divine, transcendent form of this familiar title.
* **"clothed with a garment down to the foot":** This describes a long, flowing robe (Greek, _podḗrēs_), a symbol of dignity, authority, and often, priestly or royal office in the ancient Near East. It immediately signals the exalted status of the figure, pointing to His role as the Great High Priest and Sovereign King. This attire contrasts sharply with the humble appearance of Jesus during His earthly ministry.
* **"and girt about the paps with a golden girdle":** The "girdle" (Greek, _zṓnē_) is a belt or sash. Its placement "about the paps" (chest) is unusual for a working person, who would typically gird their loins for activity. This high placement, combined with its "golden" material, further emphasizes majesty, divine purity, and perhaps a state of readiness for solemn judgment or sacred service, reminiscent of the high priest's ephod and breastplate ([Exodus 28:4](/exodus/28-4 "Exodus 28:4 - Priestly Garments")).

#### Literary Devices
Revelation 1:13 is rich in **Imagery** and **Symbolism**, painting a vivid picture of the glorified Christ. The description of His attire—the "garment down to the foot" and the "golden girdle"—is highly **Symbolic**, immediately conveying His exalted status as both a high priest and a king. The "seven candlesticks" are also powerful **Symbols** representing the churches, and Christ's position "in the midst" of them is a symbolic representation of His omnipresence and active oversight. Furthermore, the phrase "one like unto the Son of man" is a direct **Allusion** to the prophetic vision in [Daniel 7:13](/daniel/7-13 "Daniel 7:13 - The Son of Man Coming with Clouds"), linking John's vision to Old Testament messianic prophecy and establishing Christ's divine authority and future reign. The entire verse functions as a powerful **Proleptic** vision, foreshadowing Christ's ultimate victory and judgment.

### THEOLOGICAL AND THEMATIC CONNECTIONS
This vision of Christ in [Revelation 1:13](/revelation/1-13 "Revelation 1:13 - Vision of the Son of Man") serves as a profound theological anchor, establishing the absolute sovereignty and active presence of the resurrected Lord over His church. It immediately dispels any notion of an absent or disengaged Christ, instead presenting Him as intimately involved in the life and struggles of His people. The blend of priestly and kingly imagery underscores His multifaceted role as both our compassionate intercessor and our righteous ruler and judge. This foundational revelation prepares the reader for the subsequent messages to the churches, demonstrating that the One who speaks to them is fully aware of their circumstances and possesses all authority to commend, rebuke, and promise.

* [Daniel 7:13-14](/daniel/7-13-14 "Daniel 7:13-14 - The Son of Man Receives Dominion and a Kingdom")
* [Hebrews 4:14-16](/hebrews/4-14-16 "Hebrews 4:14-16 - Jesus, Our Great High Priest")
* [Exodus 28:4](/exodus/28-4 "Exodus 28:4 - Priestly Garments")

### REFLECTION AND APPLICATION
The majestic vision of Christ in [Revelation 1:13](/revelation/1-13 "Revelation 1:13 - Vision of the Son of Man") offers both immense comfort and a sobering challenge to believers today. The assurance that Christ stands "in the midst of the seven candlesticks"—that is, in the midst of His churches, including our own local congregations—means that He is intimately aware of our joys, struggles, faithfulness, and failures. He is not a distant God but an ever-present Lord who actively oversees, sustains, and judges His people. This truth should inspire confidence in His care, courage in the face of adversity, and a deep sense of accountability to live in a manner worthy of His presence. It calls us to examine our own lives and our corporate church life, knowing that the One who walks among the lampstands sees all.

#### Questions for Reflection
* **How does the imagery of Christ standing "in the midst" of the candlesticks impact your understanding of His presence in your local church and in your personal life?**
* **What comfort or challenge do you draw from Christ being described as "one like unto the Son of man" in His glorified state?**
* **How does the combination of priestly and kingly attire (long robe, golden girdle) inform your worship and understanding of Jesus's current ministry?**

### FAQ

**What is the significance of Jesus being described as "one like unto the Son of Man" in this vision?**

Answer: The phrase "one like unto the Son of Man" is profoundly significant, drawing a direct link to the prophetic vision in [Daniel 7:13](/daniel/7-13 "Daniel 7:13 - Daniel's Vision of the Son of Man"), where a figure "like a son of man" comes with the clouds of heaven to receive everlasting dominion and a kingdom. While Jesus frequently used "Son of Man" to refer to Himself during His earthly ministry, often emphasizing His humanity and suffering ([Mark 8:31](/mark/8-31 "Mark 8:31 - Jesus Predicts His Death")), in Revelation, it highlights His glorified, divine, and authoritative status. It underscores His identity as the promised Messiah, the universal Judge, and the ultimate King who holds all power and authority over heaven and earth. The "like unto" emphasizes His transcendent, heavenly form, yet still recognizable as the Christ.

**Why is Jesus described with such specific clothing (garment down to the foot, golden girdle)?**

Answer: The specific attire described in [Revelation 1:13](/revelation/1-13 "Revelation 1:13 - Vision of the Son of Man") is highly symbolic, conveying Jesus's exalted roles and authority. The "garment down to the foot" (Greek, _podḗrēs_) was typical attire for high-ranking officials, priests, and kings in the ancient world, signifying dignity, authority, and a sacred office. This immediately points to Jesus's role as our [Great High Priest](/hebrews/4-14 "Hebrews 4:14 - Jesus, Our Great High Priest"), who continually intercedes for us before God, and as a sovereign King. The "golden girdle" worn high on the chest ("about the paps") further emphasizes His divine majesty, purity, and supreme value. Gold is consistently associated with divinity and royalty in scripture. This imagery collectively portrays Jesus as the ultimate Priest-King, ready to execute both judgment and salvation, holding all power and honor.

### CHRIST-CENTERED FULFILLMENT
[Revelation 1:13](/revelation/1-13 "Revelation 1:13 - Vision of the Son of Man") offers a powerful Christ-centered fulfillment, revealing Jesus not merely as a historical figure, but as the glorified, living Lord who actively reigns. The description of "one like unto the Son of man" directly connects Him to the prophetic figure of [Daniel 7:13-14](/daniel/7-13-14 "Daniel 7:13-14 - The Son of Man Receives Dominion"), affirming His messianic identity and His ultimate, universal dominion. His presence "in the midst of the seven candlesticks" (the churches) powerfully illustrates His ongoing high-priestly ministry, as described in [Hebrews 4:14-16](/hebrews/4-14-16 "Hebrews 4:14-16 - Jesus, Our Great High Priest"), where He sympathizes with our weaknesses and offers grace. The kingly and priestly attire signifies that the One who once humbled Himself to die on the cross ([Philippians 2:8](/philippians/2-8 "Philippians 2:8 - Christ's Humiliation and Obedience")) is now exalted as Lord of all ([Philippians 2:9-11](/philippians/2-9-11 "Philippians 2:9-11 - Christ's Exaltation and Universal Lordship")), actively overseeing His church and preparing for His final return as King of kings and Lord of lords ([Revelation 19:16](/revelation/19-16 "Revelation 19:16 - King of Kings and Lord of Lords")). This vision assures believers that their Savior is not only the Lamb slain for their sins ([John 1:29](/john/1-29 "John 1:29 - Jesus, the Lamb of God")) but also the sovereign, living Head of the Church, holding all authority and power.

Note: Commentary is generated by AI with a directive for Biblical fidelity. Always rely on the Holy Spirit for discernment. The Scripture text and cross-references are from verified, non-AI sources.

Cross-References

Daniel 7:13

I saw in the night visions, and, behold, [one] like the Son of man came with the clouds of heaven, and came to the Ancient of days, and they brought him near before him.

Daniel 10:5

Then I lifted up mine eyes, and looked, and behold a certain man clothed in linen, whose loins [were] girded with fine gold of Uphaz:

Daniel 10:6

His body also [was] like the beryl, and his face as the appearance of lightning, and his eyes as lamps of fire, and his arms and his feet like in colour to polished brass, and the voice of his words like the voice of a multitude.

Daniel 10:16

And, behold, [one] like the similitude of the sons of men touched my lips: then I opened my mouth, and spake, and said unto him that stood before me, O my lord, by the vision my sorrows are turned upon me, and I have retained no strength.

Exodus 28:6

¶ And they shall make the ephod [of] gold, [of] blue, and [of] purple, [of] scarlet, and fine twined linen, with cunning work.

Exodus 28:8

And the curious girdle of the ephod, which [is] upon it, shall be of the same, according to the work thereof; [even of] gold, [of] blue, and purple, and scarlet, and fine twined linen.

Revelation 15:6

And the seven angels came out of the temple, having the seven plagues, clothed in pure and white linen, and having their breasts girded with golden girdles.