Song of Solomon1

The chapter opens with the Shulamite woman expressing her fervent desire for the king's love, which she finds more delightful than wine, and acknowledging his drawing power. She describes herself as dark-skinned from working in the vineyards but inherently beautiful, then seeks her beloved shepherd. The chapter concludes with the lovers exchanging tender praises, marveling at each other's fairness and the pleasantness of their shared intimacy.

Title and Introduction to the Song

1
The Song of songs, which is Solomon’s. Beloved ​

The Bride's Yearning for Intimacy

2
Let him kiss me with the kisses of his mouth; for your love is better than wine. ​
3
Your oils have a pleasing fragrance. Your name is oil poured out, therefore the virgins love you. ​
4
Take me away with you. Let us hurry. The king has brought me into his rooms. Friends We will be glad and rejoice in you. We will praise your love more than wine! Beloved They are right to love you. ​

Self-Awareness and Beauty

5
I am dark, but lovely, you daughters of Jerusalem, like Kedar’s tents, like Solomon’s curtains. ​
6
Don’t stare at me because I am dark, because the sun has scorched me. My mother’s sons were angry with me. They made me keeper of the vineyards. I haven’t kept my own vineyard. ​

Seeking the Beloved

7
Tell me, you whom my soul loves, where you graze your flock, where you rest them at noon; For why should I be as one who is veiled beside the flocks of your companions? Lover ​

Guidance and Reassurance

8
If you don’t know, most beautiful among women, follow the tracks of the sheep. Graze your young goats beside the shepherds’ tents. ​

Praise of the Bride's Beauty

9
I have compared you, my love, to a steed in Pharaoh’s chariots. ​
10
Your cheeks are beautiful with earrings, your neck with strings of jewels.
11
We will make you earrings of gold, with studs of silver. Beloved

Mutual Delight and Affection

12
While the king sat at his table, my perfume spread its fragrance. ​
13
My beloved is to me a sachet of myrrh, that lies between my breasts. ​
14
My beloved is to me a cluster of henna blossoms from the vineyards of En Gedi. Lover ​

Mutual Admiration Expressed

15
Behold, you are beautiful, my love. Behold, you are beautiful. Your eyes are doves. Beloved ​
16
Behold, you are beautiful, my beloved, yes, pleasant; and our couch is verdant. Lover ​

A Home Built on Love

17
The beams of our house are cedars. Our rafters are firs. ​

Study Notes for Song of Solomon 1

Verse 1

The phrase "Song of Songs" is a Hebrew superlative, meaning the most excellent or greatest song. Its attribution to Solomon suggests either authorship, dedication, or inspiration from his reign, known for wisdom and prosperity.

Verse 2

The bride expresses passionate desire for her beloved through evocative imagery. The comparison of his love to wine highlights its intoxicating and delightful nature.

Verse 3

The "savour of thy good ointments" and "thy name is as ointment poured forth" suggests the beloved's reputation and character are fragrant and attractive. This fragrance draws others, especially the virgins, to him.

Verse 4

"Draw me, we will run after thee" implies the bride's eagerness to be with her beloved. The mention of the king's chambers suggests a royal setting for their love.

Verse 5

The bride acknowledges her dark complexion, likely due to sun exposure from working in the vineyards. She compares herself to the "tents of Kedar" (known for their dark goat hair) and the "curtains of Solomon" (likely richly decorated), suggesting a contrast between outward appearance and inner beauty.

Verse 6

This verse explains why the bride is "black" – she was forced to work in the vineyards by her brothers. The statement "but mine own vineyard have I not kept" may suggest a neglect of her own well-being or personal life due to external pressures.

Verse 7

The bride expresses anxiety about finding her beloved, fearing she might be mistaken for a vagrant. Her question reveals a deep longing for reassurance and connection.

Verse 8

The beloved, or perhaps a chorus, advises her to follow the flocks and shepherds. This response suggests a simple, pastoral setting and encourages her to trust in the natural order to find him.

Verse 9

The beloved compares the bride to "a company of horses in Pharaoh's chariots," an image of strength, beauty, and nobility. This likely refers to the horses' elegant trappings and powerful presence.

Verse 12

The bride's spikenard, a fragrant ointment, fills the air as the king is present, symbolizing the mutual delight and sensuality of their love. This highlights the sensual and reciprocal nature of their relationship.

Verse 13

The bride compares her beloved to a "bundle of myrrh," a precious and fragrant spice, that she keeps close to her heart. This symbolizes his constant presence and comforting influence in her life.

Verse 14

The "cluster of camphire in the vineyards of Engedi" evokes a picture of beauty and abundance. Engedi was known for its fertile vineyards and fragrant plants.

Verse 15

The beloved affirms the bride's beauty, focusing on her "doves' eyes," often associated with gentleness and purity. The repetition emphasizes the intensity of his admiration.

Verse 16

The bride reciprocates the beloved's admiration, calling him "fair" and "pleasant." The mention of their "bed is green" suggests a natural, open-air setting, further emphasizing the pastoral imagery.

Verse 17

The description of their home's construction with cedar beams and fir rafters symbolizes strength, stability, and natural beauty. This image reinforces the idea of a love that is both enduring and rooted in nature.

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