1 Chronicles 11:12

Translation
King James Version
And after him was Eleazar the son of Dodo, the Ahohite, who was one of the three mighties.
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KJV (with Strong's)
And after H310 him was Eleazar H499 the son H1121 of Dodo H1734, the Ahohite H266, who was one of the three H7969 mighties H1368.
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Complete Jewish Bible
After him was El'azar the son of Dodo the Achochi, one of the three warriors.
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Berean Standard Bible
Next in command was Eleazar son of Dodo the Ahohite, one of the three mighty men.
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American Standard Version
And after him was Eleazar the son of Dodo, the Ahohite, who was one of the three mighty men.
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World English Bible Messianic
After him was Eleazar the son of Dodo, the Ahohite, who was one of the three mighty men.
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Geneva Bible (1599)
And after him was Eleazar the sonne of Dodo the Ahohite, which was one of the three valiant men.
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Young's Literal Translation
And after him is Eleazar son of Dodo the Ahohite, he is among the three mighty;
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See also
1 Chronicles 27:42 Samuel 23:91 Chronicles 11:191 Chronicles 8:42 Samuel 23:232 Samuel 23:172 Samuel 23:19
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David’s Mighty Warriors
David’s Mighty Warriors View full PDF

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In the KJVVerse 10,686 of 31,102

Study This Verse

SUMMARY

1 Chronicles 11:12 introduces Eleazar, son of Dodo, the Ahohite, as a distinguished member of King David's elite fighting force, specifically identifying him as one of "the three mighties." This designation highlights his exceptional valor and military prowess, setting the stage for his remarkable acts of courage that further underscore the strength and divine backing of David's burgeoning kingdom.

CONTEXT

  • Literary Context: This verse is situated within a crucial passage in 1 Chronicles 11:10-47, which meticulously lists David's most valiant warriors. This detailed roster immediately follows the account of David being anointed king over all Israel and the pivotal capture of Jerusalem, which became his capital. The inclusion of such a comprehensive list of "mighty men" serves to legitimize David's reign, showcasing the caliber of loyal and courageous individuals who rallied behind him. It emphasizes that David's kingdom was not built on his strength alone, but on the collective might and devotion of his divinely appointed army. This section parallels a similar, though not identical, account found in 2 Samuel 23:8-39.
  • Historical & Cultural Context: In ancient Israel, military strength and valor were highly prized, particularly during periods of kingdom formation and consolidation like David's reign. The concept of "mighty men" (Hebrew: gibborim) was deeply embedded in the warrior culture, referring to individuals who demonstrated extraordinary bravery, skill, and loyalty in battle. Tribal identity, indicated by epithets like "the Ahohite" (referring to Eleazar's lineage from Ahoah, a descendant of Benjamin), was crucial for establishing one's place within the societal structure and for understanding alliances and origins. These elite warriors formed the backbone of David's military, essential for defending the nascent kingdom against external threats and expanding its influence. Their exploits were not merely acts of human strength but were often seen as evidence of divine favor and empowerment, crucial for a king whose authority was understood to be divinely ordained.
  • Key Themes: Eleazar's inclusion among "the three mighties" underscores several prominent themes. First, Exceptional Valor and Skill is paramount; these men were not just soldiers but heroes whose feats set them apart, demonstrating the pinnacle of military excellence in Israel. Second, Loyalty and Service to King David and, by extension, to God's chosen kingdom, is a recurring motif, highlighting their unwavering commitment. Third, the narrative subtly points to Divine Empowerment; while their physical prowess was evident, the biblical account often implies that God's hand was with these warriors, enabling them to achieve remarkable victories, such as Eleazar's stand against the Philistines described in 1 Chronicles 11:13-14. This theme reinforces the idea that David's success and the strength of his kingdom were ultimately rooted in God's providence and active involvement.

EXPOSITION AND ANALYSIS

Key Word Analysis

  • Eleazar (Hebrew, ʼElʻâzâr', H499): Meaning "God (is) helper." This name is significant, as it subtly foreshadows the divine assistance that would enable Eleazar to perform his heroic deeds, particularly his solitary stand against the Philistines. It positions him not merely as a strong man but as an instrument through whom God's power would be manifested.
  • Ahohite (Hebrew, ʼĂchôwchîy', H266): This is a patronymic or tribal designation, indicating Eleazar's descent from Ahoah, a son of Bela, who was a son of Benjamin (1 Chronicles 8:4). This detail grounds Eleazar within a specific tribal lineage, highlighting the diverse origins of David's loyal men and the unity forged under his leadership. It also serves as a precise identifier in a culture where lineage was paramount.
  • mighties (Hebrew, gibbôwr', H1368): This term (plural of gibbôwr) denotes "powerful ones," "warriors," "champions," or "valiant men." It is used throughout the Old Testament to describe individuals of exceptional strength, courage, and military prowess. In this context, "the three mighties" refers to the absolute elite, the most formidable and renowned warriors in David's army, whose deeds were legendary and unparalleled. Their inclusion in this exclusive group signifies the highest possible commendation for military excellence.

Verse Breakdown

  • "And after him [was] Eleazar the son of Dodo, the Ahohite": This clause introduces Eleazar immediately following Jashobeam, who was the first of the three mighties mentioned in 1 Chronicles 11:11. The meticulous lineage "son of Dodo, the Ahohite" provides precise identification, emphasizing his specific family and tribal background, which was crucial for establishing identity and credibility in ancient Israelite society. The sequential introduction highlights his standing within this elite group.
  • "who [was one] of the three mighties": This phrase is the core of the verse, establishing Eleazar's unparalleled status. It designates him as a member of the most exclusive and revered group of warriors in David's army. This is not merely a descriptive title but a formal recognition of his extraordinary capabilities and the legendary feats he performed, which would be elaborated upon in subsequent verses, particularly his valiant stand against the Philistines in 1 Chronicles 11:13-14.

Literary Devices

The verse employs several literary devices to convey its meaning and significance. Enumeration is evident as this verse is part of a larger list of David's mighty men, meticulously detailing the individuals who supported his reign. This listing serves to underscore the strength and breadth of David's loyal forces. Epithet is used in "the Ahohite," which functions as a descriptive title indicating Eleazar's lineage and tribal affiliation, providing specific identity. Similarly, "one of the three mighties" is an Appellation, a formal title that immediately conveys his elite status and exceptional valor. This appellation also serves as a form of Foreshadowing, hinting at the extraordinary deeds Eleazar is about to perform, which are detailed in the subsequent verses, building anticipation for the reader.

THEOLOGICAL AND THEMATIC CONNECTIONS

Eleazar's introduction as one of "the three mighties" serves as a powerful theological statement about the nature of God's kingdom and the individuals He raises up to serve His purposes. His valor is not merely human strength but a testament to the courage and steadfastness that God imbues in His servants. The Chronicler emphasizes that David's success was not solely due to his own leadership but also to the faithful and courageous service of men like Eleazar, who were willing to stand firm in the face of overwhelming odds. This highlights a broader biblical theme: God often uses the extraordinary commitment of individuals to accomplish His divine will, demonstrating that true might comes from a combination of human dedication and divine empowerment.

REFLECTION AND APPLICATION

Eleazar's brief introduction here, leading into his remarkable deed, serves as a profound testament to the power of unwavering commitment, courage, and loyalty. His story encourages us to recognize that true strength is not merely physical prowess but encompasses steadfastness, integrity, and devotion to a higher calling or leader. In our own lives, we are called to identify our unique strengths, talents, and positions, and to use them faithfully in service, whether to our families, communities, or, most importantly, to our faith. Eleazar's example reminds us that dedication, even when standing seemingly alone against formidable challenges, can lead to remarkable and impactful outcomes. It underscores the truth that God can and often does use ordinary people, who possess extraordinary courage and faithfulness, to accomplish His divine purposes, demonstrating that our steadfastness in difficult moments can yield significant spiritual victories.

Questions for Reflection

  • In what areas of your life are you called to demonstrate "might" or extraordinary courage, not necessarily physically, but spiritually or morally?
  • How does Eleazar's loyalty to David inspire your own commitment to the leaders or causes you believe in?
  • What "impossible" situations are you facing where you might need to stand firm, trusting in God's empowering presence, like Eleazar?

FAQ

Who were "the three mighties" in David's army, and why were they significant?

Answer: "The three mighties" were the most elite and renowned warriors in King David's army, distinguished by their unparalleled valor and extraordinary feats in battle. As mentioned in 1 Chronicles 11:12 and 2 Samuel 23:8, they included Jashobeam (or Ishbaal), Eleazar, and Shammah (though Shammah is only explicitly named in 2 Samuel's account, implied by shared exploits). Their significance lay in their being the epitome of military excellence and unwavering loyalty to David, often performing acts of bravery that seemed humanly impossible, such as Eleazar's stand against the Philistines until his hand was weary and stuck to his sword (1 Chronicles 11:13-14). They served as a testament to the strength and divine backing of David's kingdom.

CHRIST-CENTERED FULFILLMENT

Eleazar, one of David's "three mighties," foreshadows the ultimate "Mighty One" in Jesus Christ, who leads a spiritual army. Just as Eleazar stood firm against overwhelming odds, demonstrating unwavering loyalty to King David, Christ stood firm against the forces of sin and death, demonstrating perfect obedience to His Father's will. Eleazar's name, meaning "God has helped," points to the divine assistance that enabled his valor, much like the Holy Spirit empowers believers to be "mighty" in faith and spiritual warfare. The concept of an elite group of devoted warriors finds its ultimate fulfillment in the church, Christ's body, called to be a people who stand firm in the truth of the Gospel (Ephesians 6:10-18). We are called not to physical warfare, but to a spiritual battle, empowered by the strength of Christ who has already secured the decisive victory on the cross (Colossians 2:15). Eleazar's dedication to an earthly king, even to the point of exhaustion, serves as a powerful illustration of the steadfast love and sacrifice Christ demonstrated for His people (John 15:13), and the call for believers to be courageous and faithful soldiers in His kingdom (2 Timothy 2:3-4).

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Commentary on 1 Chronicles 11 verses 10–47

We have here an account of David's worthies, the great men of his time that served him and were preferred by him. The first edition of this catalogue we had, Sa2 23:8, etc. This is much the same, only that those named here from Ch1 11:41 to the end are added. Observe,

I. The connexion of this catalogue with that which is said concerning David, Ch1 11:9. 1. David waxed greater and greater, and these were his mighty men. Much of the strength and honour of great men is borrowed from their servants and depends upon them, which cannot but somewhat diminish pomp and power in the opinion of those that are wise. David is great because he has great men about him; take these away, and he is where he was. 2. The Lord of hosts was with him, and these were the mighty men which he had. God was with him and wrought for him, but by men and means and the use of second causes. By this it appeared that God was with him, that he inclined the hearts of those to come over to him that were able to serve his interest. As, if God be for us none can be against us, so, if God be for us, all shall be for us that we have occasion for. Yet David ascribed his success and increase, not to the hosts he had, but to the Lord of hosts, not to the mighty men that were with him, but to the mighty God whose presence with us is all in all.

II. The title of this catalogue (Ch1 11:10): These are the men who strengthened themselves with him. In strengthening him they strengthened themselves and their own interest; for his advancement was theirs. What we do in our places for the support of the kingdom of the Son of David we shall be gainers by. In strengthening it we strengthen ourselves. It may be read, They held strongly with him and with all Israel. Note, When God has work to do he will not want fit instruments to do it with. If it be work that requires mighty men, mighty men shall either be found or made to effect it, according to the word of the Lord.

III. That which made all these men honourable was the good service that they did to their king and country; they helped to make David king (Ch1 11:10) - a good work. They slew the Philistines, and other public enemies, and were instrumental to save Israel. Note, The way to be great is to do good. Nor did they gain this honour without labour and the hazard of their lives. The honours of Christ's kingdom are prepared for those that fight the good fight of faith, that labour and suffer, and are willing to venture all, even life itself, for Christ and a good conscience. It is by a patient continuance in well-doing that we must seek for glory, and honour, and immortality; and those that are faithful to the Son of David shall find their names registered and enrolled much more to their honour than these are in the records of fame.

IV. Among all the great exploits of David's mighty men, here is nothing great mentioned concerning David himself but his pouring out water before the Lord which he had longed for, Ch1 11:18, Ch1 11:19. Four very honourable dispositions of David appeared in that action, which, for aught I know, made it as great as any of the achievements of those worthies. 1. Repentance for his own weakness. It is really an honour to a man, when he is made sensible that he has said or done any thing unadvisedly, to unsay it and undo it again by repentance, as it is a shame to a man when he has said or done amiss to stand to it. 2. Denial of his own appetite. He longed for the water of the well of Bethlehem; but, when he had it, he would not drink it, because he would not so far humour himself and gratify a foolish fancy. He that has such a rule as this over his own spirit is better than the mighty. It is an honour to a man to have the command of himself; but he that will command himself must sometimes cross himself. 3. Devotion towards God. That water which he thought too good, too precious, for his own drinking, he poured out to the Lord for a drink offering. If we have any thing better than another, let God be honoured with it, who is the best, and should have the best. 4. Tenderness of his servants. It put him into the greatest confusion imaginable to think that three brave men should hazard their lives to fetch water for him. In his account it turns the water into blood. It is the honour of great men not to be prodigal of the blood of those they employ, but, in all the commands they give them, to put their own souls into their souls' stead.

V. In the wonderful achievements of these heroes the power of God must be acknowledged. How could one slay 300 and another the same number (Ch1 11:11, Ch1 11:20), another two lion-like men (Ch1 11:22), and another an Egyptian giant (Ch1 11:23), if they had not had the extraordinary presence of God with them, according to that promise, Jos 23:10, One man of you shall chase a thousand, for the Lord your God fighteth for you?

VI. One of these worthies is said to be an Ammonite (Ch1 11:39), another a Moabite (Ch1 11:46), and yet the law was that an Ammonite and a Moabite should not enter into the congregation of the Lord, Deu 23:3. These, it is likely, had approved themselves so hearty for the interest of Israel that in their case it was thought fit to dispense with that law, and the rather because it was an indication that the Son of David would have worthies among the Gentiles: with him there is neither Greek nor Jew.

Matthew Henry (1662–1714) — Commentary on the Whole Bible. This section covers verses 10–47. Public domain.
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Source: Quotations drawn from early Church Fathers and historical Christian theologians (AD 100–1500). Some quotes address the surrounding passage context rather than this verse alone.
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