Jeremiah17

Jeremiah 17 opens by declaring Judah's sin to be deeply ingrained, leading to divine judgment and the loss of their heritage. It then contrasts the curse upon those who trust in man with the blessing upon those who trust in the LORD, who alone searches the deceitful human heart. The chapter concludes with a divine command to hallow the Sabbath, promising enduring prosperity for obedience and destruction for disobedience.
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Judah's Engraved Sin and Impending Punishment

1
The sin of Judah is written with a pen of iron, and with the point of a diamond: it is graven upon the table of their heart, and upon the horns of your altars; ​
2
Whilst their children remember their altars and their groves by the green trees upon the high hills. ​
3
O my mountain in the field, I will give thy substance and all thy treasures to the spoil, and thy high places for sin, throughout all thy borders. ​
4
And thou, even thyself, shalt discontinue from thine heritage that I gave thee; and I will cause thee to serve thine enemies in the land which thou knowest not: for ye have kindled a fire in mine anger, which shall burn for ever. ​

The Contrast: Trust in Man vs. Trust in God

5
Thus saith the LORD; Cursed be the man that trusteth in man, and maketh flesh his arm, and whose heart departeth from the LORD. ​
6
For he shall be like the heath in the desert, and shall not see when good cometh; but shall inhabit the parched places in the wilderness, in a salt land and not inhabited. ​
7
Blessed is the man that trusteth in the LORD, and whose hope the LORD is. ​
8
For he shall be as a tree planted by the waters, and that spreadeth out her roots by the river, and shall not see when heat cometh, but her leaf shall be green; and shall not be careful in the year of drought, neither shall cease from yielding fruit. ​

The Deceitfulness of the Human Heart

9
The heart is deceitful above all things, and desperately wicked: who can know it? ​
10
I the LORD search the heart, I try the reins, even to give every man according to his ways, and according to the fruit of his doings. ​
11
As the partridge sitteth on eggs, and hatcheth them not; so he that getteth riches, and not by right, shall leave them in the midst of his days, and at his end shall be a fool. ​

Jeremiah's Confession and Prayer

12
A glorious high throne from the beginning is the place of our sanctuary. ​
13
O LORD, the hope of Israel, all that forsake thee shall be ashamed, and they that depart from me shall be written in the earth, because they have forsaken the LORD, the fountain of living waters. ​
14
Heal me, O LORD, and I shall be healed; save me, and I shall be saved: for thou art my praise. ​
15
Behold, they say unto me, Where is the word of the LORD? let it come now. ​
16
As for me, I have not hastened from being a pastor to follow thee: neither have I desired the woeful day; thou knowest: that which came out of my lips was right before thee. ​
17
Be not a terror unto me: thou art my hope in the day of evil.
18
Let them be confounded that persecute me, but let not me be confounded: let them be dismayed, but let not me be dismayed: bring upon them the day of evil, and destroy them with double destruction. ​

The Importance of Sabbath Observance

19
Thus said the LORD unto me; Go and stand in the gate of the children of the people, whereby the kings of Judah come in, and by the which they go out, and in all the gates of Jerusalem; ​
20
And say unto them, Hear ye the word of the LORD, ye kings of Judah, and all Judah, and all the inhabitants of Jerusalem, that enter in by these gates:
21
Thus saith the LORD; Take heed to yourselves, and bear no burden on the sabbath day, nor bring it in by the gates of Jerusalem; ​
22
Neither carry forth a burden out of your houses on the sabbath day, neither do ye any work, but hallow ye the sabbath day, as I commanded your fathers.
23
But they obeyed not, neither inclined their ear, but made their neck stiff, that they might not hear, nor receive instruction.
24
And it shall come to pass, if ye diligently hearken unto me, saith the LORD, to bring in no burden through the gates of this city on the sabbath day, but hallow the sabbath day, to do no work therein;
25
Then shall there enter into the gates of this city kings and princes sitting upon the throne of David, riding in chariots and on horses, they, and their princes, the men of Judah, and the inhabitants of Jerusalem: and this city shall remain for ever. ​
26
And they shall come from the cities of Judah, and from the places about Jerusalem, and from the land of Benjamin, and from the plain, and from the mountains, and from the south, bringing burnt offerings, and sacrifices, and meat offerings, and incense, and bringing sacrifices of praise, unto the house of the LORD.
27
But if ye will not hearken unto me to hallow the sabbath day, and not to bear a burden, even entering in at the gates of Jerusalem on the sabbath day; then will I kindle a fire in the gates thereof, and it shall devour the palaces of Jerusalem, and it shall not be quenched. ​

Study Notes for Jeremiah 17

Verse 1

The imagery of the iron pen and diamond point emphasizes the indelible, permanent nature of Judah’s idolatry, which is deeply rooted in their hearts and publicly displayed on the horns of their altars.

Verse 2

The reference to 'groves' (Asherim) and altars on 'high hills' indicates the pervasive nature of unauthorized and syncretistic worship, often dedicated to the Canaanite goddess Asherah.

Verse 3

Jerusalem, referred to as 'my mountain in the field,' is promised destruction and plunder (spoil) as punishment for the nation’s systemic sin and idolatry.

Verse 4

This verse explicitly foretells the Babylonian Exile, stating that Judah will lose its heritage and be forced to serve enemies in a land previously unknown to them.

Verse 5

This section is a wisdom text, contrasting reliance on human strength ('flesh his arm') or political alliances with faith in Yahweh. Such dependence leads to a curse.

Verse 6

The 'heath in the desert' (a stunted shrub) illustrates a life without spiritual nourishment, incapable of benefiting from or even recognizing God's blessings.

Verse 7

The blessed man is defined by his unwavering trust and hope placed solely in the Lord, establishing a foundation for spiritual stability.

Verse 8

This metaphor mirrors Psalm 1:3, depicting the faithful as stable, nourished, and eternally productive ('yielding fruit'), regardless of external hardship or drought.

Verse 9

This famous verse describes the heart (the center of intellect, will, and emotion) as inherently corrupted, desperately sick, and beyond human comprehension or self-diagnosis.

Verse 10

God's response to the deceitful heart is his omniscience. Searching the 'reins' (Heb. *kilyot*, kidneys/inner parts) signifies judging the deepest motivations and intentions, not just external actions.

Verse 11

This proverb compares the unjust acquisition of wealth to a partridge that steals eggs and fails to hatch them, emphasizing that ill-gotten gains are temporary and lead to ruin.

Verse 12

This verse serves as a declaration of faith, asserting that despite the nation's failures, the Temple (sanctuary) and God’s presence are the eternal source of glory and stability.

Verse 13

God is the 'fountain of living waters,' a key biblical image for life (cf. Jer. 2:13). Those who forsake Him are 'written in the earth,' suggesting their memory and standing are fleeting and easily erased.

Verse 14

This marks the start of Jeremiah’s personal lament, seeking divine intervention and restoration ('Heal me') from the emotional and physical toll of his prophetic ministry.

Verse 15

The prophet’s suffering is compounded by the people’s mocking skepticism, challenging the fulfillment of his prophecies of judgment: 'Where is the word of the LORD?'

Verse 16

Jeremiah defends his integrity, asserting that he did not rush to deliver the message of woe ('the woeful day') but spoke only what God commanded, demonstrating faithfulness in his role.

Verse 18

This prayer for vengeance is typical of prophetic laments, asking God to vindicate His word by bringing the prophesied judgment ('day of evil') upon the persecutors who doubt the message.

Verse 19

This marks a shift to a specific oracle concerning national obedience. Jeremiah is commanded to deliver this message publicly at the city gates, the crucial points of commerce and traffic.

Verse 21

The command focuses specifically on the cessation of economic activity and the transport of goods on the Sabbath, emphasizing the need to 'hallow' (set apart) the day for rest and worship.

Verse 25

Obedience to the Sabbath is tied directly to the preservation of the Davidic monarchy and the eternal stability of Jerusalem, demonstrating the covenant significance of this law.

Verse 27

The final warning presents the alternative: disobedience will result in divine judgment, symbolized by unquenchable fire consuming the palaces and gates of Jerusalem, predicting the Babylonian destruction.

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