Psalms 119:156

KJV

¶ Great [are] thy tender mercies, O LORD: quicken me according to thy judgments.

KJV (with Strong's)

Great {H7227} are thy tender mercies {H7356}, O LORD {H3068}: quicken {H2421} me according to thy judgments {H4941}.

Complete Jewish Bible

Great is your compassion, ADONAI; in keeping with your rulings, revive me.

Berean Standard Bible

Great are Your mercies, O LORD; revive me according to Your ordinances.

American Standard Version

Great are thy tender mercies, O Jehovah: Quicken me according to thine ordinances.

Commentary

### SUMMARY
Psalms 119:156 presents a profound prayer, seamlessly weaving together a confident declaration of God's boundless compassion with an earnest plea for spiritual revitalization. The psalmist grounds his petition in the "great tender mercies" of the LORD, recognizing this divine attribute as the indispensable foundation for his request to be "quickened," or brought to vibrant life, in perfect alignment with God's righteous "judgments." This verse powerfully articulates the conviction that true spiritual vitality and flourishing are not only contingent upon God's gracious intervention but are also intrinsically discovered and sustained within the framework of His perfect and life-giving decrees.

### CONTEXT
* **Literary Context:** Psalm 119 stands as a monumental literary achievement within the biblical canon, serving as the longest chapter and an elaborate acrostic poem. Its 22 sections, each corresponding to a letter of the Hebrew alphabet, feature eight-verse stanzas that begin with that respective letter, creating a comprehensive meditation on the multifaceted nature of God's divine revelation—His law, statutes, precepts, commandments, and judgments. The entire psalm is a fervent celebration of the wisdom, beauty, and life-giving power inherent in God's Word. Verse 156 is situated within the 'Resh' (ר) section, which, consistent with the psalm's broader pattern, masterfully interweaves expressions of deep devotion to God's Word with urgent petitions for divine intervention, protection from adversaries, and renewed spiritual vigor. The psalmist frequently portrays himself amidst distress or opposition, rendering his repeated pleas for "quickening" a poignant and recurring theme that underscores his unwavering reliance on God's Word as the ultimate source of life and sustenance in the face of affliction.
* **Historical & Cultural Context:** While the precise historical setting of Psalm 119 remains a subject of scholarly discussion, it is broadly understood to reflect a post-exilic context, though its profound themes resonate across all generations. The cultural backdrop is deeply embedded in ancient Israel's unique covenant relationship with Yahweh, where the Torah (Law) transcended a mere collection of rules; it was perceived as the very blueprint for a flourishing existence, both for the individual and the community. God's "judgments" (מִשְׁפָּטִים, _mishpatim_) were revered as divine standards of justice, righteousness, and equity, absolutely essential for maintaining covenant fidelity and experiencing God's promised blessing. The concept of "life" (חָיָה, _chayah_) in this context extended far beyond mere physical existence, encompassing holistic spiritual well-being, prosperity, and a vibrant, dynamic relationship with God. In a society where adherence to God's commands was paramount for national and personal flourishing, the psalmist's prayer for quickening "according to thy judgments" profoundly reflects a yearning for renewed alignment with these divine principles, particularly during periods of spiritual lethargy or external pressure.
* **Key Themes:** Psalms 119:156 encapsulates several overarching and enduring themes that permeate both the psalm itself and the broader biblical narrative. Firstly, it powerfully emphasizes **God's compassionate character**, highlighting His "tender mercies" as the foundational basis for all divine interaction and intervention. This theme resonates deeply with the covenant faithfulness of God, who consistently demonstrates His steadfast love and lovingkindness to His people, as vividly portrayed in passages like [the Lord's self-revelation to Moses](/exodus/34-6-7 "Exodus 34:6-7 - The Lord's Compassion and Grace"). Secondly, the verse unequivocally underscores the **life-giving power of God's Word**. The psalmist's frequent and impassioned pleas to be "quickened" or revived are consistently and explicitly linked to God's statutes, precepts, and judgments, as seen in his cries, "[My soul clings to the dust; revive me according to Your word!](/psalms/119-25 "Psalm 119:25 - A Prayer for Revival")" or his declaration, "[Behold, I long for Your precepts; revive me through Your righteousness!](/psalms/119-40 "Psalm 119:40 - Longing for God's Precepts")". This reveals a profound theological understanding that true vitality and spiritual flourishing flow directly from obedience to and engagement with divine truth. Finally, the verse speaks to the universal **human need for divine intervention and renewal**. Despite the psalmist's evident deep devotion, he humbly recognizes his perpetual need for God's active work to sustain and invigorate his spiritual life, a theme powerfully echoed in the New Testament's emphasis on [the Holy Spirit's vital work in sanctification and resurrection](/romans/8-11 "Romans 8:11 - The Spirit Gives Life to Mortal Bodies").

### EXPOSITION AND ANALYSIS

#### Key Word Analysis
* **Tender Mercies (Hebrew, _racham'_):** Derived from the root H7356, this plural noun conveys a deep, visceral, and compassionate love, akin to a mother's profound affection for her child, often associated with the "womb." It speaks of an overflowing, nurturing sympathy and pity. When applied to God, as here, it emphasizes His boundless compassion, His readiness to show grace, and His unwavering lovingkindness, especially in response to human vulnerability and need. It is not merely an intellectual understanding of mercy but an emotional, heartfelt, and actively expressed compassion that moves God to act.
* **Quicken (Hebrew, _châyâh'_):** From the primitive root H2421, this verb means "to live," "to revive," "to restore to life," or "to preserve life." In the context of Psalm 119, while it can imply physical preservation, its primary emphasis is on spiritual invigoration and renewal. It signifies a desire to move from spiritual languor, weariness, or even a state of spiritual death to one of vibrant, active, and flourishing life in God. The psalmist frequently links this quickening directly to God's Word, indicating that it is through divine truth that spiritual vitality is restored and maintained.
* **Judgments (Hebrew, _mishpâṭ'_):** From H4941, this term refers to God's righteous ordinances, decrees, or rulings. These are not arbitrary legalistic rules but divine standards of justice, equity, and right living that profoundly reflect God's perfect character. They are the principles by which God governs the world and His people, encompassing law, custom, and proper order. In this context, the psalmist's plea to be quickened "according to thy judgments" signifies that true spiritual life is found not outside of God's established order but precisely within the framework of His wise and righteous commands, which are inherently designed to bring flourishing and well-being.

#### Verse Breakdown
* **"Great [are] thy tender mercies, O LORD:"** This opening clause functions as both a declaration of profound faith and a heartfelt affirmation of God's inherent character. The psalmist commences by acknowledging the immense scale and profound nature of God's compassion. The adjective "great" (H7227, _rab_) emphasizes the immensity, abundance, and overwhelming quality of these mercies, thereby establishing a foundational truth of unwavering trust. It serves as a powerful statement of praise that precedes and profoundly undergirds the subsequent petition, recognizing that any legitimate hope for divine intervention stems solely from God's inherent goodness and His compassionate nature.
* **"quicken me according to thy judgments."** This is the core of the psalmist's fervent prayer. The plea "quicken me" is an earnest, deeply personal request for spiritual revival and renewed vitality, acknowledging a present state of spiritual need and a complete dependence on God for the impartation of life. The crucial qualifier, "according to thy judgments," specifies both the means and the measure of this desired quickening. It profoundly implies that the spiritual life being sought is not an arbitrary gift but is intrinsically linked to and found within the framework of God's righteous decrees. This suggests that living in alignment with God's Word is the pathway to true spiritual flourishing and that God's judgments are not burdensome restrictions but are, in fact, the very source and standard of abundant life.

#### Literary Devices
Psalms 119:156 employs several impactful literary techniques that significantly enhance its meaning and emotional resonance. The most prominent device is **Supplication**, as the verse is a direct, heartfelt, and earnest prayer addressed to God, expressing a deep personal need. There is an implicit yet powerful form of **Parallelism** at play, where the psalmist's initial declaration of God's "great tender mercies" serves as the foundational premise and enabling condition for his subsequent plea to be "quickened according to thy judgments." God's character (His boundless mercy) is presented as the indispensable enabling factor for His divine action (the act of quickening), which is then precisely guided and measured by His righteous standards (His judgments). The phrase "quicken me" functions as a potent **Metaphor** for spiritual revival, moving beyond a literal physical resuscitation to denote a profound renewal of spiritual vigor, passion, and a re-alignment with God's will. While not directly contained within this single verse, the broader **Acrostic Structure** of Psalm 119 itself, with its systematic and exhaustive exploration of God's Word, provides a crucial macro-literary context that profoundly reinforces the psalmist's deep-seated belief in the life-giving power of God's every command, precept, and judgment.

### THEOLOGICAL AND THEMATIC CONNECTIONS
This verse beautifully articulates a core theological truth: God's mercy is the inexhaustible wellspring from which all His life-giving actions flow, and His "judgments" are the righteous, perfect channels through which that divine life is imparted and sustained. It powerfully dispels any notion that God's laws are burdensome, restrictive, or punitive; rather, they are revealed as the very blueprint for human flourishing, meticulously designed by a compassionate God to lead His people into abundant and meaningful life. The psalmist grasps that spiritual vitality is not merely a product of human effort or striving, but fundamentally a divine gift, graciously bestowed in accordance with God's perfect will and revealed truth. This dynamic interplay between divine grace and human alignment with God's established standards is a consistent and pervasive theme throughout Scripture, profoundly emphasizing that true, flourishing life is found exclusively in a vibrant relationship with and obedient submission to the living God.

* [Lamentations 3:22-23](/lamentations/3-22-23 "Lamentations 3:22-23 - The Steadfast Love of the Lord Never Ceases")
* [Psalm 119:25](/psalms/119-25 "Psalm 119:25 - A Prayer for Revival According to God's Word")
* [Deuteronomy 30:19-20](/deuteronomy/30-19-20 "Deuteronomy 30:19-20 - Choose Life, Love the Lord")

### REFLECTION AND APPLICATION
Psalms 119:156 offers a timeless and profoundly relevant paradigm for our spiritual lives, inviting us to approach God with both profound reverence for His majestic character and earnest, humble dependence on His life-giving power. In moments of spiritual weariness, doubt, or even complacent apathy, this verse serves as a powerful reminder that our primary recourse should be to acknowledge the "great tender mercies" of the LORD, grounding all our petitions in His unchanging and boundless compassion. It then calls us to pray specifically and fervently for "quickening"—a spiritual revival that invigorates our faith, renews our passion for God, and fundamentally reorients our lives back to Him. Crucially, this quickening is not an arbitrary burst of fleeting emotion but a deeper, more profound alignment "according to thy judgments," meaning it is found as we immerse ourselves in, meditate upon, and obediently apply God's holy Word. This verse challenges us to radically shift our perspective, seeing God's commands not as restrictive burdens but as life-giving pathways to true flourishing, urging us to actively seek His Word as the very source of our spiritual vitality, direction, and purpose.

#### Questions for Reflection
* **How does acknowledging God's "great tender mercies" change the way you approach Him in prayer, especially when you feel spiritually dry or distant from Him?**
* **In what specific areas of your life do you most urgently need God to "quicken" or revive you, and how might a deeper engagement with His "judgments" (His Word) significantly contribute to that renewal?**
* **How can you cultivate a more profound understanding that God's commands and principles are not burdensome or restrictive, but are meticulously designed for your ultimate spiritual life and well-being?**
* **What practical and intentional steps can you commit to taking this week to align your life more closely with God's "judgments" as a tangible means of experiencing His quickening and life-giving power?**

### FAQ

**Why does the psalmist ask to be "quickened according to thy judgments" if judgments can seem harsh or legalistic?**

Answer: The term "judgments" (מִשְׁפָּטִים, _mishpatim_) in this context refers to God's righteous decrees, ordinances, and principles of justice. These are not merely punitive laws or arbitrary rules, but divine standards that define what is inherently right, good, and life-giving. The psalmist understands that true spiritual life and flourishing are found in perfect alignment with God's perfect order, not in opposition to it. His plea to be "quickened according to thy judgments" means he desires to be revived, invigorated, and empowered to live in harmony with God's righteous ways, recognizing that these ways are the very path to abundant life and blessing. It's an acknowledgment that God's mercy enables us to embrace and live by His life-giving truth, rather than an attempt to earn life through works. God's judgments are seen as a source of profound wisdom, guidance, and vitality, not as a source of condemnation. They are the framework within which true life thrives, as seen throughout [the wisdom literature](/proverbs/3-1-2 "Proverbs 3:1-2 - Long Life Through Wisdom") and [the Law](/deuteronomy/4-1 "Deuteronomy 4:1 - Live by God's Statutes").

**How do God's "tender mercies" relate to His "judgments" in this verse?**

Answer: The relationship between God's "tender mercies" and His "judgments" is profoundly foundational and synergistic. The psalmist first declares the greatness and abundance of God's mercies, establishing divine compassion as the indispensable basis for his prayer. It is precisely because God is merciful, full of _racham_, that the psalmist dares to ask for quickening. The "judgments" then specify the *means* or *standard* by which this quickening is to occur. God's mercy is not arbitrary or capricious; it works through His righteous character and revealed will. So, God, in His great mercy, quickens His people by bringing them into deeper conformity with His life-giving "judgments." His compassion ensures that His laws are not burdensome but are lovingly given for our ultimate good and flourishing, and His quickening power enables us to live by them, leading to true spiritual vitality. It's a beautiful synergy where God's grace powerfully empowers our obedience, and our obedience, in turn, leads to abundant life, a truth echoed in [Paul's teaching on grace and law](/romans/6-14 "Romans 6:14 - Not Under Law, But Under Grace").

### CHRIST-CENTERED FULFILLMENT
Psalms 119:156 finds its ultimate and most profound fulfillment in the person and work of Jesus Christ. He is the perfect embodiment of God's "great tender mercies," consistently demonstrating divine compassion throughout His earthly ministry, healing the sick, feeding the hungry, and having profound compassion on the lost and scattered crowds ([Matthew 9:36](/matthew/9-36 "Matthew 9:36 - Jesus' Compassion for the Crowds")). More significantly, His sacrificial death on the cross stands as the supreme manifestation of God's tender mercy, providing complete atonement for sin and opening the way for humanity to be reconciled to God, as we were "[made alive together with Christ—by grace you have been saved](/ephesians/2-4-5 "Ephesians 2:4-5 - Made Alive in Christ")". Furthermore, Jesus is the ultimate and exclusive source of the "quickening" that the psalmist so fervently longs for. He unequivocally declares Himself to be "[the way, and the truth, and the life](/john/14-6 "John 14:6 - Jesus, the Way, Truth, and Life")", and He promises "[I came that they may have life and have it abundantly](/john/10-10 "John 10:10 - The Abundant Life")" to all who believe in Him. His words are not merely human wisdom but are "[spirit and they are life](/john/6-63 "John 6:63 - Words of Spirit and Life")", representing the perfect and ultimate "judgments" of God that bring true spiritual vitality and eternal life. Through His glorious resurrection, Christ decisively conquered death, and by His indwelling Spirit, He quickens those who are spiritually dead in sin, making them "[alive together with him](/romans/8-11 "Romans 8:11 - The Spirit Gives Life to Mortal Bodies")". Thus, the psalmist's prayer for quickening according to God's judgments is fully realized in the person and redemptive work of Jesus, who perfectly lived out God's judgments and, in His boundless mercy, graciously grants spiritual life to all who place their trust in Him.

Note: Commentary is generated by AI with a directive for Biblical fidelity. Always rely on the Holy Spirit for discernment. The Scripture text and cross-references are from verified, non-AI sources.

Cross-References

Psalms 86:15

But thou, O Lord, [art] a God full of compassion, and gracious, longsuffering, and plenteous in mercy and truth.

Psalms 86:13

For great [is] thy mercy toward me: and thou hast delivered my soul from the lowest hell.

Psalms 51:1

¶ To the chief Musician, [A Psalm] of David, when Nathan the prophet came unto him, after he had gone in to Bathsheba. Have mercy upon me, O God, according to thy lovingkindness: according unto the multitude of thy tender mercies blot out my transgressions.

Isaiah 63:7

¶ I will mention the lovingkindnesses of the LORD, [and] the praises of the LORD, according to all that the LORD hath bestowed on us, and the great goodness toward the house of Israel, which he hath bestowed on them according to his mercies, and according to the multitude of his lovingkindnesses.

1 Chronicles 21:13

And David said unto Gad, I am in a great strait: let me fall now into the hand of the LORD; for very great [are] his mercies: but let me not fall into the hand of man.

Psalms 86:5

For thou, Lord, [art] good, and ready to forgive; and plenteous in mercy unto all them that call upon thee.

2 Samuel 24:14

And David said unto Gad, I am in a great strait: let us fall now into the hand of the LORD; for his mercies [are] great: and let me not fall into the hand of man.