Genesis 47:28

KJV

And Jacob lived in the land of Egypt seventeen years: so the whole age of Jacob was an hundred forty and seven years.

KJV (with Strong's)

And Jacob {H3290} lived {H2421} in the land {H776} of Egypt {H4714} seventeen {H6240}{H7651} years {H8141}: so the whole age {H2416}{H3117} of Jacob {H3290} was an hundred {H3967} forty {H705}{H8141} and seven {H7651} years {H8141}.

Complete Jewish Bible

Ya'akov lived in the land of Egypt seventeen years; thus Ya'akov lived to be 147 years old.

Berean Standard Bible

And Jacob lived in the land of Egypt seventeen years, and the length of his life was 147 years.

American Standard Version

And Jacob lived in the land of Egypt seventeen years: so the days of Jacob, the years of his life, were a hundred forty and seven years.

Commentary

### SUMMARY
Genesis 47:28 precisely records the final seventeen years of Jacob's life spent in Egypt, bringing his total age to one hundred forty-seven years. This verse serves as a climactic statement, marking the peaceful conclusion of the life of the last major patriarch and signifying the end of an era focused on individual covenant bearers. It simultaneously sets the stage for the exponential growth of the family of Israel within the fertile land of Goshen, preparing them for their future as a distinct nation.

### CONTEXT
* **Literary Context:** This verse immediately follows Jacob's blessing of Pharaoh and the establishment of his family in the land of Goshen, where Joseph provided for them during the famine. It precedes Jacob's final instructions to Joseph regarding his burial and his blessings upon Ephraim and Manasseh, and then upon all his sons in [Genesis 48-49](/genesis/48 "Jacob Blesses Ephraim and Manasseh") and [Genesis 49](/genesis/49 "Jacob Blesses His Sons"). Functioning as an inclusio, the seventeen years Jacob spent in Egypt mirror the [seventeen years Joseph spent with Jacob](/genesis/37-2 "Joseph's age when sold into slavery") before being sold into slavery, bringing a sense of narrative symmetry and closure to a significant period of separation and reunion. It marks a transition point, moving the narrative focus from the individual lives of the patriarchs to the collective development of the burgeoning nation of Israel.
* **Historical & Cultural Context:** Jacob's relocation to Egypt occurred during a severe regional famine, making Egypt, with its advanced agricultural systems sustained by the Nile, a vital refuge. The Pharaoh's generous provision of the land of Goshen, known for its rich pastures, was crucial for Jacob's family, who were primarily shepherds. In ancient Near Eastern cultures, longevity was often seen as a sign of divine favor and blessing, reflecting a person's faithfulness and God's sustained providence. The meticulous recording of lifespans and genealogies was a common practice, emphasizing lineage, inheritance, and the historical continuity of a people, which was particularly important for a covenant people like Israel.
* **Key Themes:** Genesis 47:28 contributes significantly to several overarching themes within the book of Genesis and the broader biblical narrative. It underscores God's **Divine Providence**, demonstrating His faithful care for Jacob and his family, even leading them to a foreign land to preserve them during famine, as foreshadowed by Joseph's earlier dreams and his interpretation of God's work in [Genesis 45:7-8](/genesis/45-7-8 "Joseph's Explanation of God's Providence"). The verse also highlights the theme of **Covenant Fulfillment**, as Jacob's family, now settled and secure, begins to fulfill the promise of becoming a "great nation" given to Abraham in [Genesis 12:2](/genesis/12-2 "God's Promise to Abraham") and reiterated to Jacob in [Genesis 46:3](/genesis/46-3 "God's Promise to Jacob before Egypt"). Furthermore, it marks a pivotal **Transition to Nationhood**, shifting the narrative from the individual stories of the patriarchs to the collective identity and growth of the twelve tribes of Israel, setting the stage for the dramatic events of the Exodus.

### EXPOSITION AND ANALYSIS
Genesis 47:28 delivers a concise yet profound summary of Jacob's final earthly chapter, meticulously detailing the duration of his stay in Egypt and his culminating age. This precision is characteristic of the patriarchal narratives, emphasizing the historical veracity and divine oversight of Israel's foundational history.

#### Key Word Analysis
* **lived (Hebrew, _châyâh'_):** From H2421, this primitive root means "to live, whether literally or figuratively; causatively, to revive." In this context, it signifies Jacob's continued existence and vitality during his final years, emphasizing that he was sustained and thrived, rather than merely survived, under God's providence in Egypt. It speaks to the quality of his life, a period of peace and reunion after much struggle.
* **age (Hebrew, _chay'_):** From H2416, derived from the root H2421, this word means "life (or living thing), whether literally or figuratively." Coupled with "day" (H3117, _yôwm_), "whole age" refers to the entire span of Jacob's life. The use of _chay_ here underscores the completeness and totality of his earthly journey, bringing to a close the narrative of the third major patriarch.
* **years (Hebrew, _shâneh'_):** From H8141, this term refers to "a year (as a revolution of time)." The repetition of "years" in the verse (seventeen years, one hundred forty and seven years) emphasizes the chronological precision and the linear progression of time, marking the final period of Jacob's life and the definitive end of his earthly sojourn. The specific number of years also highlights the divine ordering of his life's span.

#### Verse Breakdown
* **"And Jacob lived in the land of Egypt seventeen years":** This clause establishes the duration and location of Jacob's final earthly sojourn. After a life characterized by movement, struggle, and sojourning, Jacob finds a period of settled peace and prosperity in Egypt, a land not of his inheritance but of divine provision during a time of famine. The "seventeen years" is a significant period, allowing for the consolidation and growth of his family, laying the demographic groundwork for the future nation of Israel.
* **"so the whole age of Jacob was an hundred forty and seven years":** This concluding statement provides the exact total of Jacob's lifespan. It signifies the completion of his earthly journey and the fulfillment of God's promises regarding his longevity. While shorter than his father Isaac (180 years) and grandfather Abraham (175 years), it was still a remarkably long life for the period, a testament to God's sustained blessing and faithfulness to His covenant with the patriarchs. This precise numerical record serves as a definitive marker, closing the chapter on Jacob's individual narrative.

#### Literary Devices
The verse employs several significant literary devices. **Numerical Precision** is evident in the exact counting of Jacob's years in Egypt (seventeen) and his total lifespan (one hundred forty-seven). This precision lends **Verisimilitude** to the narrative, grounding the sacred history in concrete, verifiable details, and emphasizing the meticulousness of the biblical record. The subtle **Structural Parallelism** or **Inclusio** created by the seventeen years Jacob spent in Egypt mirroring the seventeen years Joseph spent with Jacob before his ordeal ([Genesis 37:2](/genesis/37-2 "Joseph's age when sold into slavery")) provides a sense of narrative symmetry and closure, bringing Joseph's story full circle and signaling a new phase for the family. Furthermore, the verse functions as a **Transitional Marker**, signaling the end of the patriarchal era and the imminent shift in focus from individual covenant bearers to the collective development of the nation of Israel, implicitly foreshadowing the growth and eventual enslavement of the Israelites in Egypt.

### THEOLOGICAL AND THEMATIC CONNECTIONS
Genesis 47:28 serves as a powerful theological statement, emphasizing God's unwavering faithfulness and meticulous providence in the lives of His covenant people. Jacob's long life, culminating in peace and prosperity in a foreign land, underscores that God's plans unfold according to His perfect timing and sovereign design, even through unexpected circumstances like famine and relocation. This verse marks the peaceful conclusion of the patriarchal era, ensuring the continuity of the Abrahamic covenant through Jacob's twelve sons, who would become the progenitors of the twelve tribes of Israel. It highlights how God orchestrates events, even difficult ones, to fulfill His promises, transforming a nomadic clan into the foundational demographic for a future nation.

* [Genesis 12:2](/genesis/12-2 "God's Promise to Abraham of a Great Nation")
* [Genesis 46:3](/genesis/46-3 "God's Promise to Jacob before Egypt")
* [Deuteronomy 26:5](/deuteronomy/26-5 "A Wandering Aramean Was My Father")

### REFLECTION AND APPLICATION
Genesis 47:28 invites contemporary believers to reflect on the entirety of Jacob's complex life—a journey marked by struggle, deception, reconciliation, and profound encounters with God. His final years, spent in comfort and peace surrounded by his family in Egypt, serve as a powerful testament to God's enduring providence and care for His people, even when circumstances lead them to unexpected or foreign environments. This verse reminds us that God remains faithful through every season of life, guiding us to a peaceful conclusion according to His perfect will. It encourages us to trust in God's overarching plan, even when it involves challenging transitions or unfamiliar paths, knowing that He is meticulously working all things together for the good of those who love Him and are called according to His purpose, ultimately enabling us to "finish well" in our earthly journey. It challenges us to consider how our own lives, with their varied experiences, are part of a larger divine narrative, and how God's faithfulness can bring peace and purpose even in our final days.

#### Questions for Reflection
* **How does Jacob's journey, from his early struggles to his peaceful end in Egypt, illustrate God's enduring faithfulness in the midst of human imperfection?**
* **In what ways can we identify with Jacob's experience of being a "sojourner" or living in an unfamiliar land, and how does this verse encourage us to trust God's provision in our own "foreign" seasons?**
* **What does the meticulous recording of Jacob's age and the specific duration of his stay in Egypt teach us about the significance of every season and detail in God's unfolding plan for our lives?**

### FAQ
**Why is Jacob's age so precisely recorded in this verse?**

Answer: The precise recording of Jacob's age (147 years) and the duration of his stay in Egypt (17 years) is characteristic of the biblical narratives, particularly in Genesis. This numerical exactness emphasizes the historical nature and careful preservation of generational records within the patriarchal accounts, highlighting the importance of lineage and the fulfillment of God's promises through specific individuals. It underscores the divine oversight of history and the meticulous way God works out His covenant plans.

**What is the significance of Jacob living "seventeen years" in Egypt?**

Answer: The duration of seventeen years is notable for several reasons. Theologically, it allowed Jacob's family to grow significantly, laying the demographic groundwork for their future national identity, fulfilling God's promise to make them a "great nation" ([Genesis 46:3](/genesis/46-3 "God's Promise to Jacob")). Narratively, it subtly mirrors the [seventeen years Joseph spent with Jacob](/genesis/37-2 "Joseph's age when sold into slavery") before being sold into slavery, creating a symmetrical connection that brings a sense of narrative completion and divine order to the family's story.

**How does Jacob's lifespan compare to other patriarchs, and what does this signify?**

Answer: Jacob lived 147 years, which was shorter than his father Isaac (180 years) and grandfather Abraham (175 years). While shorter, it was still a remarkable lifespan for the time, indicating God's continued blessing and favor. This difference in longevity does not diminish God's faithfulness but rather highlights the unique trajectory of each patriarch's life within God's broader redemptive plan, underscoring that God's promises are fulfilled according to His sovereign timing and purpose for each individual and generation.

### CHRIST-CENTERED FULFILLMENT
Jacob's life, marked by pilgrimage, struggle, and eventual peace in a foreign land, profoundly prefigures the greater journey of faith culminating in Christ. His death in Egypt, securing the lineage through which the Messiah would come, underscores God's meticulous preservation of the covenant line, a lineage meticulously traced through [Matthew 1:1-17](/matthew/1-1-17 "The Genealogy of Jesus Christ") and [Luke 3:23-38](/luke/3-23-38 "The Genealogy of Jesus"). The promise of a "great nation" given to Jacob, and the subsequent growth of Israel in Egypt, ultimately finds its spiritual and universal fulfillment not in an earthly kingdom, but in the global body of believers united in Christ, the true "seed" of Abraham ([Galatians 3:16](/galatians/3-16 "The Seed is Christ")), through whom all the families of the earth are blessed ([Genesis 12:3](/genesis/12-3 "God's Promise to Abraham")). Jacob, like all the patriarchs, lived as a "sojourner" on earth, looking forward to a "better country—a heavenly one" ([Hebrews 11:13-16](/hebrews/11-13-16 "Faith of the Patriarchs as Sojourners")). Christ's perfect life, His atoning death, and His resurrection bring the ultimate "finishing well" for humanity, offering eternal peace and rest that far surpasses any earthly comfort Jacob experienced, inviting all who believe to enter into God's promised rest ([Hebrews 4:9-11](/hebrews/4-9-11 "Entering God's Rest")).

Note: Commentary is generated by AI with a directive for Biblical fidelity. Always rely on the Holy Spirit for discernment. The Scripture text and cross-references are from verified, non-AI sources.

Cross-References

Psalms 90:10

The days of our years [are] threescore years and ten; and if by reason of strength [they be] fourscore years, yet [is] their strength labour and sorrow; for it is soon cut off, and we fly away.

Psalms 90:12

¶ So teach [us] to number our days, that we may apply [our] hearts unto wisdom.

Genesis 37:2

These [are] the generations of Jacob. Joseph, [being] seventeen years old, was feeding the flock with his brethren; and the lad [was] with the sons of Bilhah, and with the sons of Zilpah, his father's wives: and Joseph brought unto his father their evil report.

Psalms 119:84

¶ How many [are] the days of thy servant? when wilt thou execute judgment on them that persecute me?

Genesis 47:8

And Pharaoh said unto Jacob, How old [art] thou?

Genesis 47:9

And Jacob said unto Pharaoh, The days of the years of my pilgrimage [are] an hundred and thirty years: few and evil have the days of the years of my life been, and have not attained unto the days of the years of the life of my fathers in the days of their pilgrimage.