TRV
Translation
King James Version
And moreover the king's servants came to bless our lord king David, saying, God make the name of Solomon better than thy name, and make his throne greater than thy throne. And the king bowed himself upon the bed.
KJV (with Strong's)
And moreover the king's H4428 servants H5650 came H935 to bless H1288 our lord H113 king H4428 David H1732, saying H559, God H430 make the name H8034 of Solomon H8010 better H3190 than thy name H8034, and make H1431 his throne H3678 greater H1431 than thy throne H3678. And the king H4428 bowed H7812 himself upon the bed H4904.
Complete Jewish Bible
More than that, the king's servants came and blessed our lord King David with these words: 'May God make the name of Shlomo better than your name and his throne greater than your throne,' after which the king bowed down on the bed.
Berean Standard Bible
The king’s servants have also gone to congratulate our lord King David, saying, ‘May your God make the name of Solomon more famous than your own name, and may He make his throne greater than your throne.’ And the king has bowed in worship on his bed,
American Standard Version
And moreover the king’s servants came to bless our lord king David, saying, Thy God make the name of Solomon better than thy name, and make his throne greater than thy throne: and the king bowed himself upon the bed.
World English Bible Messianic
Moreover the king’s servants came to bless our lord king David, saying, ‘May your God make the name of Solomon better than your name, and make his throne greater than your throne;’ and the king bowed himself on the bed.
Geneva Bible (1599)
And moreouer the Kings seruantes came to blesse our lord King Dauid, saying, God make the name of Salomon more famous then thy name, and exalt his throne aboue thy throne: therefore the King worshipped vpon the bed.
Young's Literal Translation
and also the servants of the king have come into bless our lord king David, saying, Thy God doth make the name of Solomon better than thy name, and his throne greater than thy throne; and the king boweth himself on the bed,
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In the KJVVerse 8,765 of 31,102
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Commentary on 1 Kings 1 verses 41–53
41 ¶ And Adonijah and all the guests that were with him heard it as they had made an end of eating. And when Joab heard the sound of the trumpet, he said, Wherefore is this noise of the city being in an uproar?
42 And while he yet spake, behold, Jonathan the son of Abiathar the priest came: and Adonijah said unto him, Come in; for thou art a valiant man, and bringest good tidings.
43 And Jonathan answered and said to Adonijah, Verily our lord king David hath made Solomon king.
44 And the king hath sent with him Zadok the priest, and Nathan the prophet, and Benaiah the son of Jehoiada, and the Cherethites, and the Pelethites, and they have caused him to ride upon the king's mule:
45 And Zadok the priest and Nathan the prophet have anointed him king in Gihon: and they are come up from thence rejoicing, so that the city rang again. This is the noise that ye have heard.
46 And also Solomon sitteth on the throne of the kingdom.
47 And moreover the king's servants came to bless our lord king David, saying, God make the name of Solomon better than thy name, and make his throne greater than thy throne. And the king bowed himself upon the bed.
48 And also thus said the king, Blessed be the LORD God of Israel, which hath given one to sit on my throne this day, mine eyes even seeing it.
49 And all the guests that were with Adonijah were afraid, and rose up, and went every man his way.
50 And Adonijah feared because of Solomon, and arose, and went, and caught hold on the horns of the altar.
51 And it was told Solomon, saying, Behold, Adonijah feareth king Solomon: for, lo, he hath caught hold on the horns of the altar, saying, Let king Solomon swear unto me to day that he will not slay his servant with the sword.
52 And Solomon said, If he will shew himself a worthy man, there shall not an hair of him fall to the earth: but if wickedness shall be found in him, he shall die.
53 So king Solomon sent, and they brought him down from the altar. And he came and bowed himself to king Solomon: and Solomon said unto him, Go to thine house.
We have here,
I. The tidings of Solomon's inauguration brought to Adonijah and his party, in the midst of their jollity: They had made an end of eating, and, it should seem, it was a great while before they made an end, for all the affair of Solomon's anointing was ordered and finished while they were at dinner, glutting themselves. Thus those who serve not our Lord Christ, but oppose him, are commonly such as serve their own belly (Rom 16:18) and made a god of it, Phi 3:19. Their long feast intimates likewise that they were very secure and confident of their interest, else they would not have lost so much time. The old world and Sodom were eating and drinking, secure and sensual, when their destruction came, Luk 17:26, etc. When they made an end of eating, and were preparing themselves to proclaim their king, and bring him in triumph into the city, they heard the sound of the trumpet (Kg1 1:41), and a dreadful sound it was in their ears, Job 15:21. Joab was an old man, and was alarmed at it, apprehending the city to be in an uproar; but Adonijah was very confident that the messenger, being a worthy man, brought good tidings, Kg1 1:42. Usurpers flatter themselves with the hopes of success, and those are commonly least timorous whose condition is most dangerous. But how can those who do evil deeds expect to have good tidings? No, the worthiest man will bring them the worst news, as the priest's son did here to Adonijah, Kg1 1:43. "Verily, the best tidings I have to bring you is that Solomon is made king, so that your pretensions are all quashed." He relates to them very particularly, 1. With what great solemnity Solomon was made king (Kg1 1:44, Kg1 1:45), and that he was now sitting on the throne of the kingdom, Kg1 1:46. Adonijah thought to have stepped into the throne before him, but Solomon was too quick for him. 2. With what general satisfaction Solomon was made king, so that that which was done was not likely to be undone again. (1.) The people were pleased, witness their joyful acclamations, Kg1 1:45. (2.) The courtiers were pleased: The kings servants attended him with an address of congratulation upon this occasion, Kg1 1:47. We have here the heads of their address: They blessed king David, applauded his prudent care for the public welfare, acknowledged their happiness under his government, and prayed heartily for his recovery. They also prayed for Solomon, that God would make his name better than his father's, which it might well be when he had his father's foundation to build upon. A child, on a giant's shoulders, is higher than the giant himself. (3.) The king himself was pleased: He bowed himself upon the bed, not only to signify his acceptance of his servants' address, but to offer up his own address to God (Kg1 1:48): "Blessed be the Lord God of Israel, who, as Israel's God, for Israel's good, has brought this matter to such a happy issue, my eyes even seeing it." Note, It is a great satisfaction to good men, when they are going out of the world, to see the affairs of their families in a good posture, their children rising up in their stead to serve God and their generation, and especially to see peace upon Israel and the establishment of it.
II. The effectual crush which this gave to Adonijah's attempt. It spoiled the sport of his party, dispersed the company, and obliged every man to shift for his own safety. The triumphing of the wicked is short. They were building a castle in the air, which, having no foundation, would soon fall and crush them. They were afraid of being taken in the fact, while they were together hatching their treason, and therefore each one made the best of his way.
III. The terror Adonijah himself was in, and the course he took to secure himself. he was now as much depressed as he had been elevated, Kg1 1:42, Kg1 1:50. He had despised Solomon as not worthy to be his guest (Kg1 1:10), but now he dreads him as his judge: He feared because of Solomon. Thus those who oppose Christ and his kingdom will shortly be made to tremble before him, and call in vain to rocks and mountains to shelter them from his wrath. He took hold on the horns of the altar, which was always looked upon as a sanctuary, or place of refuge (Exo 21:14), intimating hereby that he durst not stand a trial, but threw himself upon the mercy of his prince, in suing for which he relied upon no other plea than the mercy of God, which was manifested in the institution and acceptance of the sacrifices that were offered on that altar and the remission of sin thereupon. Perhaps Adonijah had formerly slighted the service of the altar, yet now he courts the protection of it. Many who in the day of their security neglect the great salvation, under the arrests of the terrors of the Lord would gladly be beholden to Christ and his merit, and, when it is too late, will catch hold of the horns of the altar.
IV. His humble address to Solomon for mercy. By those who brought Solomon tidings where he was, he sent a request for his life (Kg1 1:51): Let king Solomon swear to me that he will not slay his servant. He owns Solomon for his prince, and himself his servant, dares not justify himself, but makes supplication to his judge. It was a great change with him. He that in the morning was grasping at a crown is before night begging for his life. Then Adonijah reigned, now Adonijah trembles, and cannot think himself safe unless Solomon promise, with an oath, not to put him to death.
V. The orders Solomon gave concerning him. He discharges him upon his good behaviour, Kg1 1:52, Kg1 1:53. He considered that Adonijah was his brother, and that it was the first offence. Perhaps, being so soon made sensible of his error and then not persisting in his rebellion, he might prove not only a peaceable, but a serviceable subject, and therefore, if he will conduct himself well for the future, what is past shall be pardoned: but if he be fond disaffected, turbulent, and aspiring, this offence shall be remembered against him, he shall be called up upon his former conviction (as our law speaks), and execution shall be awarded against him. Thus the Son of David receives those to mercy that have been rebellious: if they will return to their allegiance, and be faithful to their Sovereign, their former crimes shall not be mentioned against them; but, if still they continue in the interests of the world and the flesh, this will be their ruin. Adonijah is sent for, and told upon what terms he stands, which he signifies his grateful submission to, and then is told to go to his house and live retired there. Solomon not only gave him his life, but his estate, thus establishing his throne by mercy.
Matthew Henry (1662–1714) — Commentary on the Whole Bible. This section covers verses 41–53. Public domain.
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Source: Quotations drawn from early Church Fathers and historical Christian theologians (AD 100–1500). Some quotes address the surrounding passage context rather than this verse alone.
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SUMMARY
1 Kings 1:47 chronicles a pivotal moment in the peaceful and divinely orchestrated transfer of power from the aging King David to his son Solomon. Following Solomon's anointing as king, David's loyal servants approach him to offer a profound blessing, praying that Solomon's reign would surpass even David's in glory, prosperity, and divine favor. David's humble and worshipful response, bowing himself upon his bed, signifies his deep gratitude and acknowledgment of God's faithfulness in fulfilling His covenant promises for a stable and enduring dynasty. This verse powerfully encapsulates themes of divine sovereignty, the continuity of God's plan, and the people's hopeful anticipation for a blessed future under the new monarch.
CONTEXT
EXPOSITION AND ANALYSIS
Key Word Analysis
Verse Breakdown
Literary Devices
The verse employs several significant literary devices to convey its profound message. Hyperbole is notably evident in the servants' prayer, "God make the name of Solomon better than thy name, and make his throne greater than thy throne." This is not a literal expectation that Solomon would be superior to David in all respects, but rather a fervent, exaggerated expression of hope and blessing for an exceptionally prosperous and glorious reign, reflecting the boundless magnitude of God's anticipated favor. Symbolism is also prominent, with "name" representing reputation, legacy, and character, and "throne" symbolizing royal authority, power, and the enduring dynasty itself. David's act of bowing, despite his physical frailty, is a powerful piece of Imagery, visually conveying his profound humility, gratitude, and worship before God. This physical posture serves as a non-verbal affirmation of God's sovereignty and faithfulness in fulfilling His promises, providing a poignant final glimpse into David's devout character.
THEOLOGICAL AND THEMATIC CONNECTIONS
This verse powerfully underscores the divine sovereignty over human affairs, particularly in the realm of leadership and succession. It demonstrates that God's plan for His people is steadfast, even amidst human weakness, intrigue, and the natural progression of generations. The peaceful transition from David to Solomon, affirmed by the people's blessing and David's humble response, highlights the continuity of God's covenant promises. It teaches that true authority and blessing flow from God, and that leaders are ultimately established and empowered by Him. The prayer for Solomon to surpass David's greatness is a theological statement of hope for an ever-increasing manifestation of God's kingdom and blessing, a longing for the ultimate, perfect king whose reign would know no end.
REFLECTION AND APPLICATION
1 Kings 1:47 offers profound insights into how we, as believers, should approach transitions of leadership, both in the church and in society. It calls us to acknowledge God's ultimate sovereignty in establishing and removing leaders, trusting that His purposes will prevail even when circumstances seem uncertain or challenging. Like the king's servants, we are encouraged to pray earnestly and sincerely for those in authority, seeking God's wisdom, guidance, and abundant blessing upon their endeavors, especially that their leadership might honor God and serve the common good. Furthermore, David's humble posture, even in his final moments of physical weakness, serves as a powerful reminder for us to cultivate a spirit of profound gratitude and worship when we witness God's faithfulness at work. Whether in personal triumphs, communal blessings, or the peaceful continuation of God's work through others, our response should be one of humble adoration, recognizing that all good things flow from His gracious hand. It encourages us to find contentment and joy in God's unfolding plan, even when our own season of leadership or influence may be drawing to a close, trusting Him completely with the future.
Questions for Reflection
FAQ
Why did the servants wish for Solomon's name and throne to be "better" and "greater" than David's? Was this disrespectful to David?
Answer: This was not disrespectful to David, but rather a common and deeply significant form of hyperbolic blessing in the ancient Near East. The "name" represented one's reputation, character, and enduring legacy, while the "throne" symbolized royal authority, power, and the dynasty itself. The servants' wish expressed a fervent prayer and hopeful anticipation that Solomon's reign would be even more prosperous, peaceful, and glorious than David's, building upon David's already illustrious achievements. It was an acknowledgment of God's continued and increasing favor, a desire for the kingdom's future to be exceedingly blessed, and an implicit recognition of the boundless nature of divine blessing promised in the Davidic Covenant, which hinted at an even greater, future king.
What is the significance of King David bowing himself upon the bed, especially given his frail condition?
Answer: David's act of bowing, despite his extreme physical weakness and confinement to his bed, is profoundly significant. It is a posture of deep humility, gratitude, and worship. It signifies his full acceptance of God's sovereign will in establishing Solomon as his successor, thereby fulfilling the divine promise for an enduring dynasty (see 2 Samuel 7:12-16). This humble act demonstrates David's contentment and peace in witnessing the continuity of God's plan for Israel before his death. It reflects his lifelong devotion to God and his unwavering trust in the Lord's faithfulness, even as his own earthly reign was drawing to a close. His physical weakness underscores the spiritual strength of his faith and worship.
CHRIST-CENTERED FULFILLMENT
1 Kings 1:47, with its themes of divine succession, a greater king, and an enduring throne, finds its ultimate and most profound fulfillment in Jesus Christ. The servants' prayer for Solomon's "name" and "throne" to be "greater" than David's points beyond Solomon, who, despite his wisdom and wealth, ultimately failed, to the true Son of David, whose reign would indeed surpass all earthly kings. While Solomon brought a period of unparalleled peace and prosperity to Israel, his kingdom was ultimately temporary and flawed. Jesus, however, is the King of kings and Lord of lords, whose name is truly "better" and "greater" than any other, for "at the name of Jesus every knee should bow, in heaven and on earth and under the earth" (Philippians 2:10). His throne is not merely greater, but eternal, for the angel Gabriel declared to Mary that the Lord God would give Jesus "the throne of his father David, and he will reign over Jacob's descendants forever; his kingdom will never end" (Luke 1:32-33). David's humble bowing upon his bed, a final act of worship and trust in God's faithfulness, foreshadows the ultimate submission and worship due to the Messiah, who perfectly fulfills the Davidic Covenant and establishes a spiritual kingdom that knows no bounds, bringing an everlasting peace and righteousness that Solomon could only imperfectly prefigure.