1 Kings 1:46

Translation
King James Version
And also Solomon sitteth on the throne of the kingdom.
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KJV (with Strong's)
And also Solomon H8010 sitteth H3427 on the throne H3678 of the kingdom H4410.
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Complete Jewish Bible
Moreover, Shlomo is now sitting on the throne of the kingdom.
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Berean Standard Bible
Moreover, Solomon has taken his seat on the royal throne.
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American Standard Version
And also Solomon sitteth on the throne of the kingdom.
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World English Bible Messianic
Also, Solomon sits on the throne of the kingdom.
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Geneva Bible (1599)
And Salomon also sitteth on the throne of the kingdome.
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Young's Literal Translation
`And also Solomon hath sat on the throne of the kingdom,
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See also
1 Chronicles 29:23Psalms 132:111 Kings 1:13Haggai 2:22
See on the biblical-era map
City Plan: Jerusalem in the Time of Solomon
City Plan: Jerusalem in the Time of Solomon View full PDF
Solomon and Adonijah
Solomon and Adonijah View full PDF

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In the KJVVerse 8,764 of 31,102

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SUMMARY

1 Kings 1:46 serves as the definitive, authoritative declaration of Solomon's legitimate and successful enthronement as king of Israel. This concise statement marks the culmination of a divinely orchestrated succession, ensuring the peaceful transfer of power from his father, David, and firmly establishing Solomon's position as the divinely chosen and officially recognized monarch, thereby ushering in a new era for the united kingdom.

CONTEXT

  • Literary Context: This verse provides the climactic resolution to the intense succession drama unfolding in 1 Kings 1. Immediately preceding it, the narrative details King David's decisive action, prompted by Nathan and Bathsheba, to anoint Solomon as king, complete with jubilant celebrations and trumpet blasts (1 Kings 1:32-40). These celebratory sounds reached the ears of Adonijah and his co-conspirators, who were in the midst of their own feast, celebrating Adonijah's self-proclaimed kingship (1 Kings 1:41-45). 1 Kings 1:46 functions as the ultimate, unambiguous confirmation of Solomon's rightful ascent, leaving no doubt about the outcome of the power struggle. It sets the stage for Solomon's consolidation of power and the subsequent dealing with his opponents in 1 Kings 2.
  • Historical & Cultural Context: In the ancient Near East, the transition of power from one monarch to another was frequently a perilous period, often marked by intrigue, rivalries, and even bloodshed. David's advanced age and physical frailty, vividly described at the outset of the chapter (1 Kings 1:1-4), created a perceived power vacuum. Adonijah, as the eldest surviving son, attempted to exploit this by orchestrating a premature and unsanctioned coronation. However, Israelite kingship did not strictly adhere to primogeniture, as evidenced by David's own selection (the youngest of Jesse's sons) and Solomon's anointing over his older brothers. Crucially, David had previously made a solemn oath to Bathsheba that Solomon would succeed him (1 Kings 1:17). Solomon's anointing by Zadok the priest and Nathan the prophet, riding on the king's own mule, and the public proclamation were vital elements that conferred legitimacy, signifying divine approval and royal endorsement, effectively nullifying Adonijah's irregular and presumptuous actions.
  • Key Themes: This verse powerfully encapsulates several foundational themes woven throughout the book of 1 Kings. Firstly, it underscores Divine Sovereignty and Appointment. Solomon's ascension was not merely a political maneuver but the fulfillment of God's covenant promise to David, that his throne would be established forever through his offspring (2 Samuel 7:12-13). God's providential hand is clearly seen guiding the events, ensuring His chosen king takes the throne despite human machinations. Secondly, the theme of Legitimate Succession is paramount. In stark contrast to Adonijah's attempted usurpation, Solomon's placement on the throne was by direct command of the reigning king, David, and confirmed by the priesthood and prophecy, emphasizing the importance of orderly and divinely sanctioned leadership. Lastly, the verse signifies Stability and Peace. The definitive confirmation of Solomon as king brought an immediate end to the period of uncertainty and potential civil strife that Adonijah's actions had threatened. His legitimate reign would usher in a period of peace and prosperity, symbolizing stability after David's long and often tumultuous rule, a recurring hope for Israelite kingship as seen in Psalm 72.

EXPOSITION AND ANALYSIS

Key Word Analysis

  • Solomon (Hebrew, Shᵉlômôh', H8010): Derived from the Hebrew root for "peace" or "completeness" (שָׁלוֹם, shalom), this name inherently foreshadows the nature of his reign. Solomon's rule would indeed be characterized by unparalleled peace and prosperity for Israel, a stark contrast to the preceding period of conflict and the immediate succession crisis. His presence on the throne signifies the end of internal strife and the establishment of a new, tranquil era.
  • Sitteth (Hebrew, yâshab', H3427): This verb (H3427) implies far more than a mere temporary occupation; it denotes a permanent, established, and authoritative dwelling or position. In the context of a throne, it signifies the full, legitimate, and settled assumption of royal power. It indicates that Solomon is not merely visiting or temporarily occupying the throne, but is firmly installed as the reigning monarch, his authority fully vested and recognized. The word carries connotations of stability and established rule.
  • Throne (Hebrew, kiççêʼ', H3678): The "throne" (H3678) is the quintessential symbol of royal authority, power, and dominion. To sit "on the throne of the kingdom" means to possess the ultimate legal, political, and judicial authority over the entire nation. It represents the seat from which judgment is rendered, governance is exercised, and sovereignty is declared, confirming Solomon's supreme position as the head of the Israelite state.

Verse Breakdown

  • "And also Solomon": The introductory conjunction "And also" (וְגַם, vegam) serves as an emphatic confirmation, linking Solomon's established position directly to the preceding reports of his anointing and the subsequent scattering of Adonijah's rebellious party. It highlights the definitive outcome of the succession struggle, underscoring that Solomon, too, is now fully and legitimately engaged in the royal duties, unlike his presumptuous half-brother.
  • "sitteth on the throne": This phrase is a powerful declaration of Solomon's established authority. It conveys that his accession is not merely a ceremonial act or a provisional status, but a settled and active reality. He is not merely a king-designate but the functioning, reigning monarch, his power fully recognized and actively exercised. This signifies the end of contention and the beginning of his rule.
  • "of the kingdom": This specifies the comprehensive scope of Solomon's rule. He is not merely a king over a segment or a faction, but over the entire "kingdom" (מַמְלָכָה, mamlakah, H4410). This emphasizes his undisputed sovereignty over all of Israel, signifying the unity and legitimacy of his rule over the divinely established nation, a realm now under his undisputed authority.

Literary Devices

The verse employs Conciseness and Declaration to deliver a powerful, unambiguous statement. Its brevity belies the immense significance of the event it describes, serving as a definitive pronouncement of the transfer of power and the resolution of the succession crisis. The declarative sentence structure leaves no room for doubt, acting as the narrative's final word on the matter. There is also an implied Contrast with Adonijah's failed usurpation, making Solomon's legitimate enthronement even more pronounced and highlighting the divine favor upon him. Furthermore, the verse functions as a moment of Fulfillment, as it marks the realization of David's promise to Bathsheba and, more profoundly, God's enduring covenant promise to David regarding his lineage on the throne.

THEOLOGICAL AND THEMATIC CONNECTIONS

1 Kings 1:46 is a profound statement on divine sovereignty and the orderly transfer of power within God's chosen nation. It demonstrates that despite human machinations, personal ambitions, and attempts to usurp authority, God's ultimate plan for His people and His chosen leaders will prevail. Solomon's legitimate enthronement underscores the importance of God-ordained authority and the blessing that comes from submitting to His will, even when it challenges human expectations or desires for power. This event is a testament to God's faithfulness to His covenant with David, ensuring a successor from his lineage would indeed sit on the throne, laying the groundwork for the future of the Davidic dynasty and providing a pattern for righteous governance.

REFLECTION AND APPLICATION

The definitive establishment of Solomon on the throne, as declared in this verse, offers a powerful reminder that God is sovereign over all earthly kingdoms and human affairs. Even amidst political intrigue, personal ambition, and the fragility of human leadership, God's purposes ultimately prevail. For believers, this narrative encourages profound trust in God's overarching plan, even when circumstances seem chaotic or uncertain, and when our own desires for control are challenged. It underscores the importance of legitimate authority, not just in civil governance but also within the church and our personal lives, recognizing that true peace, stability, and flourishing often come through submission to God-ordained order. We are called to pray for our leaders, to respect and support those who are legitimately placed in positions of authority, understanding that their roles are part of God's design for societal well-being and the advancement of His kingdom.

Questions for Reflection

  • How does the narrative of Solomon's accession encourage your trust in God's sovereignty amidst life's uncertainties and apparent chaos?
  • What does it mean to recognize and submit to legitimate authority in your own life or community, even when you might disagree with certain decisions or preferences?
  • In what ways might God be working behind the scenes in your current circumstances to bring about His ultimate purposes, even if they are not immediately clear to you?

FAQ

Why was Solomon chosen as king over Adonijah, who was older?

Answer: Solomon was chosen as king primarily because King David had made a solemn promise and oath to Bathsheba, Solomon's mother, that Solomon would succeed him (1 Kings 1:17). This promise was affirmed by God's divine plan, as indicated in the Davidic Covenant, which promised an enduring dynasty through David's offspring (2 Samuel 7:12-13). Adonijah, though older, acted presumptuously by declaring himself king without David's consent or divine sanction (1 Kings 1:5), thereby attempting to usurp the throne. Solomon's anointing and enthronement were conducted publicly and legitimately under David's direct command, with the involvement of Zadok the priest and Nathan the prophet, signifying divine approval and proper succession according to God's will and the king's decree.

What is the significance of the phrase "sitteth on the throne of the kingdom"?

Answer: The phrase "sitteth on the throne of the kingdom" is profoundly significant because it conveys the full, legitimate, and settled establishment of Solomon's reign. "Sitting" on the throne implies a permanent, authoritative, and active assumption of royal power, not merely a temporary visit or a provisional status. It signifies that Solomon is now the undisputed, reigning monarch, fully in control of the nation's affairs and exercising his divinely appointed authority. The addition "of the kingdom" further emphasizes that his authority extends over the entire nation of Israel, confirming his comprehensive sovereignty and the peaceful, orderly transfer of power from David. This definitive declaration brings an immediate end to the period of uncertainty and secures the future of the Davidic dynasty, ushering in a new era of stability.

CHRIST-CENTERED FULFILLMENT

1 Kings 1:46, declaring Solomon's established reign, profoundly foreshadows the eternal and perfect kingship of Jesus Christ. Just as Solomon's accession was divinely ordained and secured by a covenant promise to David, so too is Christ's reign the ultimate fulfillment of God's eternal plan for a King from David's lineage who would sit on an everlasting throne. Solomon's peaceful and prosperous reign, though imperfect and temporary, serves as a type of the perfect, righteous, and eternal kingdom of God established through Jesus. While Solomon's throne was earthly and eventually passed to others, Christ's throne is heavenly and eternal, as prophesied by Gabriel concerning Jesus: "He will reign over Jacob's descendants forever; his kingdom will never end". He is the true Son of David, whose dominion knows no end and whose reign brings ultimate peace, justice, and salvation to all who believe. The definitive statement that "Solomon sitteth on the throne" points forward to the glorious truth that Jesus Christ "is seated at the right hand of the Majesty in heaven", having secured His eternal kingdom through His atoning sacrifice and victorious resurrection. His is the kingdom that "shall never be destroyed, nor shall its sovereignty be left to another people" (Daniel 2:44), and one day, He will reign forever and ever, bringing all things under His perfect rule.

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Commentary on 1 Kings 1 verses 41–53

We have here,

I. The tidings of Solomon's inauguration brought to Adonijah and his party, in the midst of their jollity: They had made an end of eating, and, it should seem, it was a great while before they made an end, for all the affair of Solomon's anointing was ordered and finished while they were at dinner, glutting themselves. Thus those who serve not our Lord Christ, but oppose him, are commonly such as serve their own belly (Rom 16:18) and made a god of it, Phi 3:19. Their long feast intimates likewise that they were very secure and confident of their interest, else they would not have lost so much time. The old world and Sodom were eating and drinking, secure and sensual, when their destruction came, Luk 17:26, etc. When they made an end of eating, and were preparing themselves to proclaim their king, and bring him in triumph into the city, they heard the sound of the trumpet (Kg1 1:41), and a dreadful sound it was in their ears, Job 15:21. Joab was an old man, and was alarmed at it, apprehending the city to be in an uproar; but Adonijah was very confident that the messenger, being a worthy man, brought good tidings, Kg1 1:42. Usurpers flatter themselves with the hopes of success, and those are commonly least timorous whose condition is most dangerous. But how can those who do evil deeds expect to have good tidings? No, the worthiest man will bring them the worst news, as the priest's son did here to Adonijah, Kg1 1:43. "Verily, the best tidings I have to bring you is that Solomon is made king, so that your pretensions are all quashed." He relates to them very particularly, 1. With what great solemnity Solomon was made king (Kg1 1:44, Kg1 1:45), and that he was now sitting on the throne of the kingdom, Kg1 1:46. Adonijah thought to have stepped into the throne before him, but Solomon was too quick for him. 2. With what general satisfaction Solomon was made king, so that that which was done was not likely to be undone again. (1.) The people were pleased, witness their joyful acclamations, Kg1 1:45. (2.) The courtiers were pleased: The kings servants attended him with an address of congratulation upon this occasion, Kg1 1:47. We have here the heads of their address: They blessed king David, applauded his prudent care for the public welfare, acknowledged their happiness under his government, and prayed heartily for his recovery. They also prayed for Solomon, that God would make his name better than his father's, which it might well be when he had his father's foundation to build upon. A child, on a giant's shoulders, is higher than the giant himself. (3.) The king himself was pleased: He bowed himself upon the bed, not only to signify his acceptance of his servants' address, but to offer up his own address to God (Kg1 1:48): "Blessed be the Lord God of Israel, who, as Israel's God, for Israel's good, has brought this matter to such a happy issue, my eyes even seeing it." Note, It is a great satisfaction to good men, when they are going out of the world, to see the affairs of their families in a good posture, their children rising up in their stead to serve God and their generation, and especially to see peace upon Israel and the establishment of it.

II. The effectual crush which this gave to Adonijah's attempt. It spoiled the sport of his party, dispersed the company, and obliged every man to shift for his own safety. The triumphing of the wicked is short. They were building a castle in the air, which, having no foundation, would soon fall and crush them. They were afraid of being taken in the fact, while they were together hatching their treason, and therefore each one made the best of his way.

III. The terror Adonijah himself was in, and the course he took to secure himself. he was now as much depressed as he had been elevated, Kg1 1:42, Kg1 1:50. He had despised Solomon as not worthy to be his guest (Kg1 1:10), but now he dreads him as his judge: He feared because of Solomon. Thus those who oppose Christ and his kingdom will shortly be made to tremble before him, and call in vain to rocks and mountains to shelter them from his wrath. He took hold on the horns of the altar, which was always looked upon as a sanctuary, or place of refuge (Exo 21:14), intimating hereby that he durst not stand a trial, but threw himself upon the mercy of his prince, in suing for which he relied upon no other plea than the mercy of God, which was manifested in the institution and acceptance of the sacrifices that were offered on that altar and the remission of sin thereupon. Perhaps Adonijah had formerly slighted the service of the altar, yet now he courts the protection of it. Many who in the day of their security neglect the great salvation, under the arrests of the terrors of the Lord would gladly be beholden to Christ and his merit, and, when it is too late, will catch hold of the horns of the altar.

IV. His humble address to Solomon for mercy. By those who brought Solomon tidings where he was, he sent a request for his life (Kg1 1:51): Let king Solomon swear to me that he will not slay his servant. He owns Solomon for his prince, and himself his servant, dares not justify himself, but makes supplication to his judge. It was a great change with him. He that in the morning was grasping at a crown is before night begging for his life. Then Adonijah reigned, now Adonijah trembles, and cannot think himself safe unless Solomon promise, with an oath, not to put him to death.

V. The orders Solomon gave concerning him. He discharges him upon his good behaviour, Kg1 1:52, Kg1 1:53. He considered that Adonijah was his brother, and that it was the first offence. Perhaps, being so soon made sensible of his error and then not persisting in his rebellion, he might prove not only a peaceable, but a serviceable subject, and therefore, if he will conduct himself well for the future, what is past shall be pardoned: but if he be fond disaffected, turbulent, and aspiring, this offence shall be remembered against him, he shall be called up upon his former conviction (as our law speaks), and execution shall be awarded against him. Thus the Son of David receives those to mercy that have been rebellious: if they will return to their allegiance, and be faithful to their Sovereign, their former crimes shall not be mentioned against them; but, if still they continue in the interests of the world and the flesh, this will be their ruin. Adonijah is sent for, and told upon what terms he stands, which he signifies his grateful submission to, and then is told to go to his house and live retired there. Solomon not only gave him his life, but his estate, thus establishing his throne by mercy.

Matthew Henry (1662–1714) — Commentary on the Whole Bible. This section covers verses 41–53. Public domain.
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Source: Quotations drawn from early Church Fathers and historical Christian theologians (AD 100–1500). Some quotes address the surrounding passage context rather than this verse alone.
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