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H2664

חָפַשׂ

châphas /khaw-fas'/ Ask about this word
a primitive root
to seek; causatively, to conceal oneself (i.e. let be sought), or mask
change, (make) diligent (search), disquise self, hide, search (for, out).

Word Study

In depth

A plain-language study of châphas — the range of meaning it carries, how Scripture actually uses it, and where it points. Written for readers who don’t know the original language.

Core Meaning & Semantic Range

The Hebrew word châphas, represented by H2664, is a primitive root with a dual meaning that revolves around searching and concealment. It appears 23 times across 20 unique verses. Its definition encompasses actions like to seek, search diligently, and causatively, to disguise or hide oneself.

Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis

In the biblical narrative, H2664 is used to describe both physical and spiritual pursuits. It depicts literal searches, such as when Laban searched for his stolen images Genesis 31:35 or when Joseph's cup was searched for in his brothers' sacks Genesis 44:12. The term also carries a sense of concealment or disguise. King Saul disguised himself to visit the woman at Endor 1 Samuel 28:8, and the king of Israel disguised himself before entering battle 1 Kings 22:30. On a spiritual level, the word is used for introspection, as in the call to "search and try our ways" Lamentations 3:40, and to describe how God's candle, the spirit of man, searches "all the inward parts of the belly" Proverbs 20:27.

Related Words & Concepts

Several related words help to frame the different facets of seeking and hiding:

  • H1245 bâqash (to search out (by any method, specifically in worship or prayer); by implication, to strive after): This term is used alongside châphas to describe a comprehensive search for wisdom, as if for treasure Proverbs 2:4.
  • H2713 châqar (to penetrate; hence, to examine intimately): This word implies a deep and thorough examination and is paired with châphas in the call for spiritual self-assessment, encouraging a turn back to God Lamentations 3:40.
  • H2244 châbâʼ (to secrete; hide (self)): This word stands in direct contrast to searching. In God's declaration of inescapable judgment, He promises to search for those who hide themselves on Mount Carmel Amos 9:3.

Theological Significance

The theological weight of H2664 is demonstrated in its contrasting applications.

  • Divine Scrutiny: God is depicted as the ultimate searcher. He will "search Jerusalem with candles" to punish the complacent Zephaniah 1:12 and will search out and take those who try to hide from Him, even in the bottom of the sea Amos 9:3. This highlights His omniscience and judgment.
  • Spiritual Introspection: The word validates the importance of self-examination. The psalmist's spirit makes a "diligent search" Psalms 77:6, and the people are called to "search" their ways and return to the LORD Lamentations 3:40, framing this act as a pathway to repentance.
  • Human Deception: The use of châphas for "disguise" often carries negative connotations. Kings disguise themselves to engage in forbidden activities or to enter battles (1 Samuel 28:8, 2 Chronicles 35:22), illustrating a human tendency to mask one's true self or intentions.

Summary

In summary, H2664 is a dynamic term that moves between the external act of seeking and the internal state of concealment. It encompasses a physical hunt for an object, the deliberate act of putting on a disguise, and the profound spiritual discipline of examining one's own heart. The word powerfully contrasts God's inescapable ability to search out all things with humanity's futile attempts to hide.

How the KJV Renders It

Translation

Strong’s lists the renderings but not their weight. These are counted from the King James text of the tagged verses — the bar under each is how often the translators actually reached for it. Select one to filter the occurrences below.

Grammatical Forms

Morphology

In the Hebrew Old Testament, this word appears as a verb across 23 occurrences, inflected in 16 grammatical forms — each row is one form, and the bar is how often it is that form. Select any form to read what each part of its name means, and to filter the occurrence list to it.

  • יִּתְחַפֵּשׂ
  • יְחַפֵּשׂ
  • הִתְחַפֵּשׂ
  • אֲחַפֵּשׂ
  • יִתְחַפֵּשׂ
  • הִתְחַפֵּשׂ
  • נֶחְפְּשׂוּ
  • חִפַּשְׂתִּי
  • חִפְּשׂוּ
  • חַפְּשׂוּ
  • יְחֻפַּשׂ
  • מְחֻפָּשׂ
  • נַחְפְּשָׂה
  • תַּחְפְּשֶׂ
  • יַחְפְּשׂוּ
  • חֹפֵשׂ

Related Words

Related

Other entries the study above points to — each one is drawn from a reference it makes. Follow the trail to see how the words connect.

Theographic Context

Context

The people, places, and span of history the verses containing this word touch on — drawn from the theographic tagging of Scripture. Select any name to isolate its verses in the occurrence list.

Biblical Distribution

Distribution

Appears in 20 verses across 12 of the 39 books. Most frequent in 1 Kings and Proverbs (3 verses each); never once in the other 27.

2
Genesis
2
1 Samuel
3
1 Kings
1
2 Kings
2
2 Chronicles
1
Job
2
Psalms
3
Proverbs
1
Lamentations
1
Amos
1
Obadiah
1
Zephaniah

Every Occurrence

Concordance

Every verse where the word is tagged in the King James text. Filter by book, by the English word the translators chose, by grammatical form, or search within the verses.

Sources. Definition and numbering: James Strong, Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible (1890). Morphology: STEPBible / Tyndale House (CC BY). Verse tagging: the King James text keyed to Strong’s numbers. Every count on this page is computed from the tagged corpus, not estimated.