Numbers 34:19

And the names of the men [are] these: Of the tribe of Judah, Caleb the son of Jephunneh.

And the names {H8034} of the men {H582} are these: Of the tribe {H4294} of Judah {H3063}, Caleb {H3612} the son {H1121} of Jephunneh {H3312}.

The names of these men are: from the tribe of Y'hudah, Kalev the son of Y'funeh;

These are their names: Caleb son of Jephunneh from the tribe of Judah;

And these are the names of the men: Of the tribe of Judah, Caleb the son of Jephunneh.

Commentary

Numbers 34:19 introduces one of the pivotal figures in Israel's history, Caleb the son of Jephunneh, specifically highlighting his role as the chosen representative for the tribe of Judah in the upcoming division of the Promised Land. This verse is part of a crucial passage detailing the divine appointments for the monumental task of distributing the inheritance among the twelve tribes.

Context

This verse falls within a section of the Book of Numbers (chapters 33-36) that outlines the final preparations for Israel's entry into Canaan. Specifically, Numbers 34:16-29 lists the names of the tribal leaders appointed by God, through Moses and Eleazar, to oversee the equitable distribution of the land west of the Jordan River. These men were chosen for their integrity and leadership, ensuring a fair allocation of the inheritance promised to their forefathers, particularly Abraham.

Key Themes

  • Divine Appointment and Leadership: The selection of Caleb and the other leaders underscores that the division of the land was not merely a human administrative task but a divinely ordained process. God Himself chose the individuals best suited for this weighty responsibility, emphasizing the importance of godly leadership in executing His will.
  • Faithfulness and Reward: Caleb's inclusion is particularly significant. He was one of only two spies (the other being Joshua) who brought back a positive report after scouting Canaan, demonstrating unwavering faith in God's ability to deliver the land (Numbers 14:24). His consistent faithfulness over forty years in the wilderness is honored by his appointment here, leading to his unique inheritance later in Joshua 14:13-14.
  • Tribal Representation: Each tribe received a representative, ensuring that their specific needs and boundaries would be considered during the intricate process of land allocation, maintaining unity and order within the nascent nation.

Linguistic Insights

The name Caleb (ื›ึธึผืœึตื‘, Kalev) is often associated with the Hebrew word for "dog," which in ancient cultures could symbolize loyalty, devotion, or even boldness. In Caleb's case, it perfectly encapsulates his tenacious loyalty and devotion to God, standing firm even when the majority wavered. His father's name, Jephunneh (ื™ึฐืคึปื ึถึผื”, Yepunneh), means "he will be turned" or "he will make a way," perhaps prophetically pointing to Caleb's role in turning the tide of doubt and making a way for Israel to enter the Promised Land.

Practical Application

Caleb's example in Numbers 34:19 reminds us that God remembers and honors faithfulness. His appointment to such a crucial role, decades after his initial act of courage, illustrates that perseverance in faith eventually yields its reward. It encourages believers to remain steadfast in their commitment to God, even when facing opposition or lengthy delays. Furthermore, it highlights the importance of choosing and supporting leaders who demonstrate integrity, courage, and unwavering trust in God's promises, just as Caleb did for the tribe of Judah.

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Cross-References

  • Numbers 26:65

    For the LORD had said of them, They shall surely die in the wilderness. And there was not left a man of them, save Caleb the son of Jephunneh, and Joshua the son of Nun.

  • Numbers 13:30

    And Caleb stilled the people before Moses, and said, Let us go up at once, and possess it; for we are well able to overcome it.

  • Numbers 14:30

    Doubtless ye shall not come into the land, [concerning] which I sware to make you dwell therein, save Caleb the son of Jephunneh, and Joshua the son of Nun.

  • Genesis 29:35

    And she conceived again, and bare a son: and she said, Now will I praise the LORD: therefore she called his name Judah; and left bearing.

  • Numbers 14:6

    And Joshua the son of Nun, and Caleb the son of Jephunneh, [which were] of them that searched the land, rent their clothes:

  • Numbers 14:24

    But my servant Caleb, because he had another spirit with him, and hath followed me fully, him will I bring into the land whereinto he went; and his seed shall possess it.

  • Numbers 14:38

    But Joshua the son of Nun, and Caleb the son of Jephunneh, [which were] of the men that went to search the land, lived [still].
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