Psalms135

This psalm calls all servants of the LORD to praise Him for His goodness and for choosing Israel as His peculiar treasure. It extols God's greatness above all gods, recounting His mighty acts in creation and history, such as delivering Israel from Egypt and granting them land. In contrast to the living God, the psalm exposes the futility of man-made idols, concluding with a renewed call for all Israel to bless the LORD from Zion.
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Call to Praise in the Temple

1
Hallelujah! Praise the name of the LORD. Give praise, O servants of the LORD, ​
2
who stand in the house of the LORD, in the courts of the house of our God. ​
3
Hallelujah, for the LORD is good; sing praises to His name, for it is lovely. ​
4
For the LORD has chosen Jacob as His own, Israel as His treasured possession. ​

God's Supremacy Over All Creation

5
For I know that the LORD is great; our Lord is above all gods. ​
6
The LORD does all that pleases Him in the heavens and on the earth, in the seas and in all their depths. ​
7
He causes the clouds to rise from the ends of the earth. He generates the lightning with the rain and brings forth the wind from His storehouses. ​

God's Powerful Acts of Deliverance

8
He struck down the firstborn of Egypt, of both man and beast. ​
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He sent signs and wonders into your midst, O Egypt, against Pharaoh and all his servants. ​
10
He struck down many nations and slaughtered mighty kings:
11
Sihon king of the Amorites, Og king of Bashan, and all the kings of Canaan. ​
12
He gave their land as an inheritance, as a heritage to His people Israel. ​

God's Eternal Name and Justice

13
Your name, O LORD, endures forever, Your renown, O LORD, through all generations. ​
14
For the LORD will vindicate His people and will have compassion on His servants. ​

The Folly and Impotence of Idols

15
The idols of the nations are silver and gold, made by the hands of men. ​
16
They have mouths, but cannot speak; they have eyes, but cannot see;
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they have ears, but cannot hear; nor is there breath in their mouths.
18
Those who make them become like them, as do all who trust in them. ​

A Final Call to Bless the Lord

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O house of Israel, bless the LORD; O house of Aaron, bless the LORD; ​
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O house of Levi, bless the LORD; you who fear the LORD, bless the LORD! ​
21
Blessed be the LORD from Zion— He who dwells in Jerusalem. Hallelujah! ​

Study Notes for Psalms 135

Verse 1

This Hallelujah Psalm opens with a direct appeal to the 'servants of the LORD,' specifically those priests and Levites who minister within the temple complex.

Verse 2

The reference to 'standing in the house' highlights the liturgical context, emphasizing the perpetual duty of worshipers, especially temple functionaries, to offer praise.

Verse 3

The motivation for praise is twofold: God's intrinsic moral nature ('good') and the inherent joy and beauty found in praising His revealed character ('pleasant').

Verse 4

Israel's existence is rooted in divine election. They were chosen not for merit but to be God's 'peculiar treasure' (segullah), His cherished and valued possession among the nations.

Verse 5

This verse asserts Yahweh's ultimate sovereignty. The declaration that the Lord is 'above all gods' is a polemic against the polytheism of the ancient Near East.

Verse 6

God’s will is absolute and effective throughout creation. Unlike the limited deities of pagan myths, the God of Israel executes His pleasure without restriction in every domain.

Verse 7

God’s control over weather and natural phenomena (rain, wind, lightning) is cited as concrete proof of His cosmic mastery, a realm often attributed to competing deities.

Verse 8

The psalm shifts focus from creation to historical redemption, beginning with the foundational act of the plagues in Egypt, specifically the death of the firstborn.

Verse 9

The 'tokens and wonders' refer to the ten plagues, which served as signs (otot) demonstrating Yahweh’s power over Pharaoh and the Egyptian pantheon.

Verse 11

The defeat of Sihon and Og, the powerful kings east of the Jordan, was a crucial step in the conquest and a high point of God’s military faithfulness to Israel.

Verse 12

The historical summary culminates in the fulfillment of the covenant promise: the granting of the conquered land as a permanent 'heritage' (nachalah) to Israel.

Verse 13

God’s 'name' and 'memorial' refer to His enduring fame and character. This assures the worshipers that the mighty acts of the past define an eternally unchanging God.

Verse 14

God 'will judge his people' means He will vindicate them against their enemies and show compassion ('repent himself') toward His servants when they are in distress.

Verse 15

This section is a strong polemic (cf. Ps 115) contrasting the living, active God with the lifeless, man-made idols, which are merely silver and gold.

Verse 18

This theological warning states that those who trust in idols become spiritually and morally like them: inert, deaf, and unable to perceive true reality.

Verse 19

The call to praise is specified for the entire community: the laity ('house of Israel'), the priests ('house of Aaron'), and the Levites (temple attendants).

Verse 20

'Ye that fear the LORD' is a broad designation that often includes all pious individuals, potentially encompassing Gentile proselytes who had joined the covenant community.

Verse 21

The concluding doxology emphasizes that the blessing originates 'out of Zion,' establishing Jerusalem as the central location for God's revealed presence and covenant blessing.

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