1 Chronicles 15:11

KJV

And David called for Zadok and Abiathar the priests, and for the Levites, for Uriel, Asaiah, and Joel, Shemaiah, and Eliel, and Amminadab,

KJV (with Strong's)

And David {H1732} called {H7121} for Zadok {H6659} and Abiathar {H54} the priests {H3548}, and for the Levites {H3881}, for Uriel {H222}, Asaiah {H6222}, and Joel {H3100}, Shemaiah {H8098}, and Eliel {H447}, and Amminadab {H5992},

Complete Jewish Bible

David called for Tzadok and Evyatar the cohanim and for the L'vi'im - Uri'el, 'Asayah, Yo'el, Sh'ma'yah, Eli'el and 'Amminadav -

Berean Standard Bible

David summoned the priests Zadok and Abiathar and the Levites Uriel, Asaiah, Joel, Shemaiah, Eliel, and Amminadab.

American Standard Version

And David called for Zadok and Abiathar the priests, and for the Levites, for Uriel, Asaiah, and Joel, Shemaiah, and Eliel, and Amminadab,

Commentary

### SUMMARY
King David, demonstrating a profound commitment to divine instruction and a corrective response to a previous tragic attempt, meticulously prepares for the relocation of the Ark of the Covenant to Jerusalem in 1 Chronicles 15:11. This verse details his formal summoning of the divinely appointed spiritual leaders: the chief priests Zadok and Abiathar, alongside specific Levite family heads. This deliberate selection of personnel underscores David's renewed reverence for God's sacred commands and his understanding that good intentions must be coupled with strict adherence to God's revealed will concerning worship and the handling of holy objects.

### CONTEXT
* **Literary Context:** This verse serves as a pivotal moment in the narrative of the Ark's relocation to Jerusalem, immediately following the disastrous first attempt detailed in [1 Chronicles 13](/1_chronicles/13 "1 Chronicles 13 - Uzzah and the Ark"). After Uzzah's death for improperly touching the Ark, David paused the transfer, recognizing the critical need for divine instruction and proper protocol. [1 Chronicles 15](/1_chronicles/15 "1 Chronicles 15 - David Prepares for the Ark's Proper Transport") opens with David's renewed efforts, explicitly stating his preparation of a dedicated place for the Ark and his profound realization that "none ought to carry the ark of God but the Levites" ([1 Chronicles 15:2](/1_chronicles/15-2 "1 Chronicles 15:2 - Levites to Carry the Ark")). Verse 11, therefore, marks the practical implementation of this newfound understanding, detailing the specific individuals David summons to ensure the task is performed precisely according to the Law. It meticulously sets the stage for the successful and joyous procession that unfolds throughout the remainder of the chapter.
* **Historical & Cultural Context:** The Ark of the Covenant was the most sacred object in ancient Israel, symbolizing God's tangible presence and covenantal relationship with His people. Its handling was strictly prescribed by Mosaic Law, particularly in [Numbers 4:15](/numbers/4-15 "Numbers 4:15 - Levites' Duties with Holy Objects") and [Exodus 25:14-15](/exodus/25-14-15 "Exodus 25:14-15 - Poles for the Ark"). Only Kohathite Levites were permitted to carry it, and then only by poles inserted into its rings, never by direct touch or on a cart. David's initial failure, recounted in [2 Samuel 6](/2_samuel/6 "2 Samuel 6 - The Ark Brought to Jerusalem (Parallel Account)") and [1 Chronicles 13](/1_chronicles/13 "1 Chronicles 13 - Uzzah's Death"), stemmed from adopting a Philistine method of transport (a new cart) rather than the divinely ordained Israelite method. By calling the priests and specific Levite clan heads, David was correcting this grave error, demonstrating a profound shift from pragmatic convenience to reverent obedience—a vital lesson for a king leading a covenant nation.
* **Key Themes:** The central theme vividly highlighted in this verse is **Obedience to Divine Command**. David's previous failure underscored that good intentions, while commendable, are utterly insufficient; God's specific instructions for worship and sacred service must be meticulously followed. This leads directly to the theme of **Proper Leadership and Preparation**, as David, in his role as king, takes direct, personal responsibility for ensuring the Ark is handled with the utmost reverence and precisely according to the Law. His summoning of the correct personnel—the priests and the designated Levites—demonstrates responsible spiritual leadership. Furthermore, the verse implicitly emphasizes **The Distinct Roles of Priests and Levites** within Israel's divinely ordained worship system. These roles were divinely appointed and essential for maintaining ritual purity, order, and the sanctity of God's presence, as outlined in [Numbers 3](/numbers/3 "Numbers 3 - Duties of the Levites"). The priests (Zadok and Abiathar) served in sacrificial and intercessory capacities, while specific Levite families, like those named, were entrusted with the transport and care of the Tabernacle's holy furnishings.

### EXPOSITION AND ANALYSIS

#### Key Word Analysis
* **David (Hebrew, _Dâvid'_):** Rarely (fully); דָּוִיד; from the same as דּוֹד; loving; David, the youngest son of Jesse. The mention of David by name underscores his personal initiative and the profound shift in his understanding of divine protocol. As king, his leadership in this sacred undertaking was paramount, and his act of "calling" signifies his direct, authoritative involvement in ensuring the Ark was moved according to God's precise instructions, a stark contrast to his earlier, less careful approach.
* **Called (Hebrew, _qârâʼ'_):** A primitive root (rather identical with קָרָא through the idea of accosting a person met); to call out to (i.e. properly, address by name, but used in a wide variety of applications). The Hebrew verb `qârâʼ` here signifies more than a casual invitation; it implies a formal summons, an authoritative directive from King David. This act of "calling" highlights David's decisive leadership and his deliberate, purposeful action to gather the appropriate individuals for a sacred task, reflecting a profound shift from his earlier, less careful approach. It emphasizes the king's responsibility to ensure divine protocols are observed.
* **Priests (Hebrew, _kôhên'_):** Active participle of כָּהַן; literally one officiating, a priest; also (by courtesy) an acting priest (although a layman). The term `kôhên` refers specifically to those of the Aaronic lineage, set apart by God for sacred service, including offering sacrifices, mediating between God and Israel, and teaching the Law. Zadok and Abiathar were the two prominent high priests during David's reign, representing different priestly lines. Their inclusion signifies the highest level of religious authority and the absolute necessity of their oversight in such a holy undertaking.
* **Levites (Hebrew, _Lêvîyîy'_):** Or לֵוִי; patronymically from לֵוִי; a Levite or descendant of Levi. The `Lêvîyîy` were members of the tribe of Levi, consecrated for service to the tabernacle and later the temple. While distinct from the Aaronic priests, they were essential for the proper functioning of Israel's worship. In this context, the Levites were specifically commanded to carry the Ark on their shoulders using poles ([Numbers 4:15](/numbers/4-15 "Numbers 4:15 - Levites to Carry the Ark")). The naming of specific Levite family heads (Uriel, Asaiah, Joel, Shemaiah, Eliel, Amminadab) indicates David's meticulous attention to detail, ensuring that only those designated by God for this precise duty were involved.

#### Verse Breakdown
* **"And David called for Zadok and Abiathar the priests":** This phrase establishes David's initiative and his recognition of the supreme religious authority required for the task. By summoning Zadok and Abiathar, the chief priests, David acknowledges the spiritual gravity of moving the Ark and seeks their guidance and participation, ensuring the highest level of religious sanction and adherence to priestly protocol. It signifies a king humbly submitting to divine order.
* **"and for the Levites":** This general designation distinguishes the Levites from the priests, highlighting their tribal role as the divinely designated custodians and transporters of the tabernacle furnishings. It signals David's understanding that the task required not just priestly oversight but also the specific, consecrated service of the Levites, who alone were permitted to physically bear the Ark.
* **"for Uriel, Asaiah, and Joel, Shemaiah, and Eliel, and Amminadab":** The precise enumeration of these six Levite family heads (who are identified in [1 Chronicles 15:5-10](/1_chronicles/15-5-10 "1 Chronicles 15:5-10 - Levite Chiefs Consecrated") as those who had consecrated themselves for this very purpose) underscores David's meticulous adherence to divine instruction. It demonstrates that David was not merely calling for "some Levites" but specifically those who were prepared, consecrated, and authorized by God for this sacred duty, reflecting a profound commitment to order and obedience after the previous, tragic failure.

#### Literary Devices
The primary literary device employed in this verse is **Enumeration** or **Listing**, specifically the detailed naming of the two chief priests and the six Levite family heads. This precise listing serves to emphasize the meticulous planning and the newfound adherence to divine protocol that David now undertakes. Unlike the previous, hasty, and ultimately disastrous attempt to move the Ark, this time every individual involved is explicitly identified, underscoring the gravity and sacredness of the task. The **Specificity** of the names, particularly the six Levite leaders, highlights David's commitment to ensuring that only the divinely appointed personnel were involved, a stark contrast to the general lack of adherence that led to Uzzah's death. This detailed enumeration also lends an air of **Authority** and **Legitimacy** to the proceedings, reinforcing that this second attempt was conducted "decently and in order," according to God's revealed will, and with the full backing of the spiritual leadership.

### THEOLOGICAL AND THEMATIC CONNECTIONS
1 Chronicles 15:11 powerfully illustrates the theological principle that obedience to God's revealed will, particularly in matters of worship and sacred service, is paramount. David's previous failure to move the Ark demonstrated that good intentions, while noble, are insufficient if they do not align with divine commands. This verse marks a crucial turning point where David, having learned from tragedy and sought divine counsel, meticulously adheres to the Law, recognizing that God's holiness demands reverence and strict observance of His prescribed ways. It underscores that God is not to be approached on human terms or with human ingenuity, but solely on His terms, as revealed in His Word. This principle of reverent obedience is a consistent theme throughout Scripture, emphasizing that true worship is not merely an outward act but an inward disposition of submission to God's authority and wisdom, flowing from a heart that fears and honors Him.

* [Numbers 4:15](/numbers/4-15 "Numbers 4:15 - Levites' Duty to Carry Holy Objects")
* [Exodus 25:14-15](/exodus/25-14-15 "Exodus 25:14-15 - Poles for the Ark")
* [1 Samuel 15:22](/1_samuel/15-22 "1 Samuel 15:22 - Obedience is Better than Sacrifice")

### REFLECTION AND APPLICATION
1 Chronicles 15:11 offers a profound and timeless lesson for contemporary believers: our approach to God and our service in His kingdom must be characterized by deep reverence, intentionality, and a diligent adherence to His revealed will. Just as David learned through painful experience that good intentions alone are insufficient, we are reminded that our zeal for God must be tempered and guided by His Word. This means not relying on our own wisdom, convenience, or cultural norms when it comes to spiritual matters, but instead seeking to understand and obey God's principles as revealed in Scripture. Whether in personal devotion, corporate worship, or ministry, the call is to do things "decently and in order" ([1 Corinthians 14:40](/1_corinthians/14-40 "1 Corinthians 14:40 - Do Everything in a Fitting and Orderly Way")), honoring God by following His established ways. This verse challenges us to examine our own lives and ministries: are we truly seeking to align with God's commands, or are we, like David in his first attempt, prioritizing efficiency, personal preference, or popular methods over divine instruction? It calls us to a posture of humility and teachability before God's Word.

#### Questions for Reflection
* **In what areas of my life or ministry might I be relying on good intentions rather than diligent obedience to God's specific commands?**
* **How does David's dramatic shift from his first failed attempt to his meticulous preparation in this verse inform my understanding of repentance, learning from past mistakes, and pursuing spiritual growth?**
* **What specific steps can I take to better understand and apply God's revealed will in my daily walk and service, ensuring my actions align with His prescribed ways?**

### FAQ

**Why was it so important for specific priests and Levites to carry the Ark, and not just anyone?**

Answer: It was critically important because the Ark of the Covenant represented the very presence and holiness of God among His people. God had given explicit instructions in the Mosaic Law, particularly in [Numbers 4:15](/numbers/4-15 "Numbers 4:15 - Levites' Duties with Holy Objects"), that only the Kohathite clan of the Levites were permitted to carry the sacred objects of the Tabernacle, including the Ark. Furthermore, they were to do so using poles inserted into its rings, never touching the Ark directly ([Exodus 25:14-15](/exodus/25-14-15 "Exodus 25:14-15 - Poles for the Ark")). The priests (of the Aaronic lineage, like Zadok and Abiathar) had specific duties related to the Ark, such as covering it before transport, but the physical carrying was reserved for the Levites. This strict protocol underscored God's absolute holiness, the seriousness of approaching Him, and the non-negotiable need for obedience to His divine order. Disregarding these commands, as tragically seen in Uzzah's death in [1 Chronicles 13:9-10](/1_chronicles/13-9-10 "1 Chronicles 13:9-10 - Uzzah's Death"), resulted in severe consequences, emphasizing that God's ways are not to be trifled with or adapted to human convenience.

### CHRIST-CENTERED FULFILLMENT
The meticulous obedience displayed by David in 1 Chronicles 15:11, particularly in his reliance on divinely appointed personnel and methods for handling the Ark, finds its ultimate and perfect fulfillment in Jesus Christ. The Ark, as the dwelling place of God's tangible presence among His people, powerfully foreshadowed the incarnate Christ, who is truly "God with us" ([Matthew 1:23](/matthew/1-23 "Matthew 1:23 - Immanuel")). Just as the Old Testament priests and Levites were consecrated and appointed for specific service to God's presence, so too is Jesus the perfectly consecrated and eternally appointed one. He is the ultimate High Priest, not of the Aaronic order, but "after the order of Melchizedek" ([Hebrews 7:17](/hebrews/7-17 "Hebrews 7:17 - Jesus, a Priest Forever")), who perfectly mediates between God and humanity through His own sacrifice. Furthermore, while the Old Covenant demanded strict adherence to ritual and the Law for access to God's holy presence, Christ's perfect obedience to the Father's will—even to death on a cross—fulfilled the Law entirely ([Matthew 5:17](/matthew/5-17 "Matthew 5:17 - Jesus Fulfills the Law")) and opened a new and living way for all believers to approach God directly through Him ([Hebrews 10:19-22](/hebrews/10-19-22 "Hebrews 10:19-22 - Confidence to Enter the Most Holy Place")). In Christ, the need for specific human carriers and elaborate rituals for God's presence is transcended, as He Himself is the true Ark, the embodiment of God's presence, and through Him, all believers are made a "royal priesthood" ([1 Peter 2:9](/1_peter/2-9 "1 Peter 2:9 - A Royal Priesthood")), called to offer spiritual sacrifices of worship and service in spirit and truth ([John 4:23-24](/john/4-23-24 "John 4:23-24 - True Worshipers")).

Note: Commentary is generated by AI with a directive for Biblical fidelity. Always rely on the Holy Spirit for discernment. The Scripture text and cross-references are from verified, non-AI sources.

Cross-References

1 Chronicles 12:28

And Zadok, a young man mighty of valour, and of his father's house twenty and two captains.

1 Kings 2:35

¶ And the king put Benaiah the son of Jehoiada in his room over the host: and Zadok the priest did the king put in the room of Abiathar.

1 Samuel 22:20

¶ And one of the sons of Ahimelech the son of Ahitub, named Abiathar, escaped, and fled after David.

1 Samuel 22:23

Abide thou with me, fear not: for he that seeketh my life seeketh thy life: but with me thou [shalt be] in safeguard.

1 Chronicles 18:16

And Zadok the son of Ahitub, and Abimelech the son of Abiathar, [were] the priests; and Shavsha was scribe;

2 Samuel 15:24

¶ And lo Zadok also, and all the Levites [were] with him, bearing the ark of the covenant of God: and they set down the ark of God; and Abiathar went up, until all the people had done passing out of the city.

2 Samuel 15:29

Zadok therefore and Abiathar carried the ark of God again to Jerusalem: and they tarried there.