The Hebrew word ʼadmônîy, represented by H132, means reddish, referring to the hair or complexion. It is defined as red or ruddy and appears only 3 times in the Bible, each in a unique verse, making it a highly specific descriptor.
The term H132 is used exclusively to describe the physical appearance of two major biblical figures at key moments. It first appears in Genesis to describe Esau H6215 at his birth, when he came out H3318 red H132 and hairy Genesis 25:25. The word is later used twice to characterize David H1732. When Samuel is sent to anoint the future king, David is described as ruddy H132, with a beautiful H3303 countenance 1 Samuel 16:12. This same ruddy H132 appearance is noted by the Philistine, who disdained H959 David for being just a youth H5288 1 Samuel 17:42.
Several related words provide context for the physical descriptions involving H132:
- H6215 ʻÊsâv (Esau): The first individual described as red H132, a physical trait tied to his identity from birth Genesis 25:25.
- H1732 Dâvid (David): The youngest son of Jesse, who is described as ruddy H132 when he is chosen by God to be king 1 Samuel 17:42.
- H3303 yâpheh (beautiful): This word is used alongside ruddy H132 to emphasize David's pleasant and fair H3303 appearance (1 Samuel 16:12, 1 Samuel 17:42).
- H8181 sêʻâr (hairy): Used in conjunction with red H132 to describe Esau's appearance, noting he was like a hairy H8181 garment H155 Genesis 25:25.
While not a deeply theological term, the use of H132 carries descriptive weight in the narrative.
- Physical Distinction: The word marks both Esau and David as physically distinct from the moment they are introduced in their respective narratives. For Esau, being red H132 is a defining characteristic at his birth Genesis 25:25.
- Appearance and Perception: In David's case, his ruddy H132 complexion is part of an appearance that is goodly H2896 to look upon, signaling his selection by God 1 Samuel 16:12. Yet, this same trait, combined with his youth, causes the Philistine to misjudge and disdain H959 him, highlighting a contrast between divine and worldly perception 1 Samuel 17:42.
In summary, H132 is a specific and rare adjective used to add vivid detail to the physical appearance of Esau and David. It serves to set these figures apart, contributing to their initial characterization. The context reveals how a single physical trait could be seen as part of a beautiful H3303 countenance in one instance and as a reason for disdain in another, underscoring the different ways individuals are perceived in the biblical story.
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