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Commentary on Proverbs 6 verses 20–35
Here is, I. A general exhortation faithfully to adhere to the word of God and to take it for our guide in all our actions.
1.We must look upon the word of God both as a light (Pro 6:23) and as a law, Pro 6:20, Pro 6:23. (1.) By its arguments it is a light, which our understandings must subscribe to; it is a lamp to our eyes for discovery, and so to our feet for direction. The word of God reveals to us truths of eternal certainty, and is built upon the highest reason. Scripture-light is the sure light. (2.) By its authority it is a law, which our wills must submit to. As never such a light shone out of the schools of the philosophers, so never such a law issued from the throne of any prince, so well framed, and so binding. It is such a law as is a lamp and a light, for it carries with it the evidence of its own goodness.
2.We must receive it as our father's commandment and the law of our mother, Pro 6:20. It is God's commandment and his law. But, (1.) Our parents directed us to it, put it into our hands, trained us up in the knowledge and observance of it, its original and obligation being most sacred. We believe indeed, not for their saying, for we have tried it ourselves and find it to be of God; but we were beholden to them for recommending it to us, and see all the reason in the world to continue in the things we have learned, knowing of whom we have learned them. (2.) The cautions, counsels, and commands which our parents gave us agree with the word of God, and therefore we must hold them fast. Children, when they are grown up, must remember the law of a good mother, as well as the commandment of a good father, Ecclesiasticus 3:2. The Lord has given the father honour over the children and has confirmed the authority of the mother over the sons.
3.We must retain the word of God and the good instructions which our parents gave us out of it. (1.) We must never cast them off, never think it a mighty achievement (as some do) to get clear of the restraints of a good education: "Keep thy father's commandment, keep it still, and never forsake it." (2.) We must never lay them by, no, not for a time (Pro 6:21): Bind them continually, not only upon thy hand (as Moses had directed, Deu 6:8) but upon thy heart. Phylacteries upon the hand were of no value at all, any further than they occasioned pious thoughts and affections in the heart. There the word must be written, there it must be hid, and laid close to the conscience. Tie them about thy neck, as an ornament, a bracelet, or gold chain, - about thy throat (so the word is); let them be a guard upon that pass; tie them about thy throat, that no forbidden fruit may be suffered to go in nor any evil word suffered to go out through the throat; and thus a great deal of sin would be prevented. Let the word of God be always ready to us, and let us feel the impressions of it, as of that which is bound upon our hearts and about our necks.
4.We must make use of the word of God and of the benefit that is designed us by it. If we bind it continually upon our hearts, (1.) It will be our guide, and we must follow its direction. "When thou goest, it shall lead thee (Pro 6:22); it shall lead thee into, and lead thee in, the good and right way, shall lead thee from, and lead thee out of, every sinful dangerous path. It will say unto thee, when thou art ready to turn aside, This is the way; walk in it. It will be that to thee that the pillar of cloud and fire was to Israel in the wilderness. Be led by that, let it be thy rule, and then thou shalt be led by the Spirit; he will be thy monitor and support." (2.) It will be our guard, and we must put ourselves under the protection of it: "When thou sleepest, and liest exposed to the malignant powers of darkness, it shall keep thee; thou shalt be safe, and shalt think thyself so." If we govern ourselves by the precepts of the word all day, and make conscience of the duty God has commanded to us, we may shelter ourselves under the promises of the word at night, and take the comfort of the deliverances God does and will command for us. (3.) It will be our companion, and we must converse with it: "When thou awakest in the night, and knowest not how to pass away thy waking minutes, if thou pleasest, it shall talk with thee, and entertain thee with pleasant meditations in the night-watch; when thou awakest in the morning, and art contriving the work of the day, it shall talk with thee about it, and help thee to contrive for the best," Psa 1:2. The word of God has something to say to us upon all occasions, if we would but enter into discourse with it, would ask it what it has to say, and give it the hearing. And it would contribute to our close and comfortable walking with God all day if we would begin with him in the morning and let his word be the subject of our first thoughts. When I awake I am still with thee; we are so if the word be still with us. (4.) It will be our life; for, as the law is a lamp and a light for the present, so the reproofs of instruction are the way of life. Those reproofs of the word which not only show us our faults, but instruct us how to do better, are the way that leads to life, eternal life. Let not faithful reproofs therefore, which have such a direct tendency to make us happy, ever make us uneasy.
II. Here is a particular caution against the sin of uncleanness.
1.When we consider how much this iniquity abounds, how heinous it is in its own nature, of what pernicious consequence it is, and how certainly destructive to all the seeds of the spiritual life in the soul, we shall not wonder that the cautions against it are so often repeated and so largely inculcated. (1.) One great kindness God designed men, in giving them his law, was to preserve them from this sin, Pro 6:24. "The reproofs of instruction are therefore the way of life to thee, because they are designed to keep thee from the evil woman, who will be certain death to thee, from being enticed by the flattery of the tongue of a strange woman, who pretends to love thee, but intends to ruin thee." Those that will be wrought upon by flattery make themselves a very easy prey to the tempter; and those who would avoid that snare must take well-instructed reproofs as great kindnesses and be thankful to those that will deal faithfully with them, Pro 27:5, Pro 27:6. (2.) The greatest kindness we can do ourselves is to keep at a distance from this sin, and to look upon it with the utmost dread and detestation (Pro 6:25): "Lust not after her beauty, no, not in thy heart, for, if thou dost, thou hast there already committed adultery with her. Talk not of the charms in her face, neither be thou smitten with her amorous glances; they are all snares and nets; let her not take thee with her eye-lids. Her looks are arrows and fiery darts; they wound, they kill, in another sense than what lovers mean; they call it a pleasing captivity, but it is a destroying one, it is worse than Egyptian slavery."
2.Divers arguments Solomon here urges to enforce this caution against the sin of whoredom.
(1.)It is a sin that impoverishes men, wastes their estates, and reduces them to beggary (Pro 6:26): By means of a whorish woman a man is brought to a piece of bread; many a man has been so, who has purchased the ruin of his body and soul at the expense of his wealth. The prodigal son spent his living on harlots, so that he brought himself to be fellow-commoner with the swine. And that poverty must needs lie heavily which men bring themselves into by their own folly, Job 31:12.
(2.)It threatens death; it kills men: The adulteress will hunt for the precious life, perhaps designedly, as Delilah for Samson's, at least, eventually, the sin strikes at the life. Adultery was punished by the law of Moses as a capital crime. The adulterer and the adulteress shall surely be put to death. Every one knew this. Those therefore who, for the gratifying of a base lust, would lay themselves open to the law, could be reckoned no better than self-murderers.
(3.)It brings guilt upon the conscience and debauches that. He that touches his neighbour's wife, with an immodest touch, cannot be innocent, Pro 6:29. [1.] He is in imminent danger of adultery, as he that takes fire in his bosom, or goes upon hot coals, is in danger of being burnt. The way of this sin is down-hill, and those that venture upon the temptations to it hardly escape the sin itself. The fly fools away her life by playing the wanton with the flames. It is a deep pit, which it is madness to venture upon the brink of. He that keeps company with those of ill fame, that goes in with them, and touches them, cannot long preserve his innocency; he thrusts himself into temptation and so throws himself out of God's protection. [2.] He that commits adultery is in the high road to destruction. The bold presumptuous sinner says, "I may venture upon the sin and yet escape the punishment; I shall have peace though I go on." He might as well say, I will take fire into my bosom and not burn my clothes, or I will go upon hot coals and not burn my feet. He that goes into his neighbour's wife, however he holds himself, God will not hold him guiltless. The fire of lust kindles the fire of hell.
(4.)It ruins the reputation and entails perpetual infamy upon that. It is a much more scandalous sin than stealing is, Pro 6:30-33. Perhaps it is not so in the account of men, at least not in our day. A thief is sent to the stocks, to the gaol, to Bridewell, to the gallows, while the vile adulterer goes unpunished, nay, with many, unblemished; he dares boast of his villanies, and they are made but a jest of. But, in the account of God and his law, adultery was much the more enormous crime; and, if God is the fountain of honour, his word must be the standard of it. [1.] As for the sin of stealing, if a man were brought to it by extreme necessity, if he stole meat for the satisfying of his soul when he was hungry, though that will not excuse him from guilt, yet it is such an extenuation of his crime that men do not despise him, do not expose him to ignominy, but pity him. Hunger will break through stone-walls, and blame will be laid upon those that brought him to poverty, or that did not relieve him. Nay, though he have not that to say in his excuse, if he be found stealing, and the evidence be ever so plain upon him, yet he shall only make restitution seven-fold. The law of Moses appointed that he who stole a sheep should restore four-fold, and an ox five-fold (Exo 22:1); accordingly David adjudged, Sa2 12:6. But we may suppose in those cases concerning which the law had not made provision the judges afterwards settled the penalties in proportion to the crimes, according to the equity of the law. Now, if he that stole an ox out of a man's field must restore five-fold, it was reasonable that he that stole a man's goods out of his house should restore seven-fold; for there was no law to put him to death, as with us, for burglary and robbery on the highway, and of this worst kind of theft Solomon here speaks; the greatest punishment was that a man might be forced to give all the substance of his house to satisfy the law and his blood was not attainted. But, [2.] Committing adultery is a more heinous crime; Job calls it so, and an iniquity to be punished by the judge, Job 31:11. When Nathan would convict David of the evil of his adultery he did it by a parable concerning the most aggravated theft, which, in David's judgment, deserved to be punished with death (Sa2 12:5), and then showed him that his sin was more exceedingly sinful than that. First, It is a greater reproach to a man's reason, for he cannot excuse it, as a thief may, by saying that it was to satisfy his hunger, but must own that it was to gratify a brutish lust which would break the hedge of God's law, not for want, but for wantonness. Therefore whoso commits adultery with a woman lacks understanding, and deserves to be stigmatized as an arrant fool. Secondly, It is more severely punished by the law of God. A thief suffered only a pecuniary mulct, but the adulterer suffered death. The thief steals to satisfy his soul, but the adulterer destroys his own soul, and falls an unpitied sacrifice to the justice both of God and man. "Sinner, thou hast destroyed thyself." This may be applied to the spiritual and eternal death which is the consequence of sin; he that does it wounds his conscience, corrupts his rational power, extinguishes all the sparks of the spiritual life, and exposes himself to the wrath of God for ever, and thus destroys his own soul. Thirdly, The infamy of it is indelible, Pro 6:33. It will be a wound to his good name, a dishonour to his family, and, though the guilt of it may be done away by repentance, the reproach of it never will, but will stick to his memory when he is gone. David's sin in the matter of Uriah was not only a perpetual blemish upon his own character, but gave occasion to the enemies of the Lord to blaspheme his name too.
(5.)It exposes the adulterer to the rage of the jealous husband, whose honour he puts such an affront upon, Pro 6:34, Pro 6:35. He that touches his neighbour's wife, and is familiar with her, gives him occasion for jealousy, much more he that debauches her, which, if kept ever so secret, might then be discovered by the waters of jealousy, Num 5:12. "When discovered, thou hadst better meet a bear robbed of her whelps than the injured husband, who, in the case of adultery, will be as severe an avenger of his own honour as, in the case of manslaughter, of his brother's blood. If thou art not afraid of the wrath of God, yet be afraid of the rage of a man. Such jealousy is; it is strong as death and cruel as the grave. In the day of vengeance, when the adulterer comes to be tried for his life, the prosecutor will not spare any pains or cost in the prosecution, will not relent towards thee, as he would perhaps towards one that had robbed him. He will not accept of any commutation, any composition; he will not regard any ransom. Though thou offer to bribe him, and give him many gifts to pacify him, he will not rest content with any thing less than the execution of the law. Thou must be stoned to death. If a man would give all the substance of his house, it would atone for a theft (Pro 6:31), but not for adultery; in that case it would utterly be contemned. Stand in awe therefore, and sin not; expose not thyself to all this misery for a moment's sordid pleasure, which will be bitterness in the end."
Do not be captured by her glances. This applies to the adulteress. But even if heretics seem to live and act well, be careful not to be deceived by their doctrines.
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SUMMARY
Proverbs 6:25 delivers a potent and timeless warning against the insidious nature of sexual temptation, particularly from an adulterous woman. It cautions against allowing forbidden beauty to ignite an illicit desire within the deepest recesses of the heart and against succumbing to the subtle, alluring gestures that can ensnare and lead to moral compromise. This verse profoundly underscores that the battle for purity is primarily an internal one, emphasizing the critical need for vigilance over one's thoughts and desires to avert the devastating consequences of immorality.
CONTEXT
EXPOSITION AND ANALYSIS
Key Word Analysis
Verse Breakdown
Literary Devices
Proverbs 6:25 masterfully employs several potent literary devices to convey its urgent warning. Metonymy is prominently featured in the phrase "her eyelids," where a part (the eyelids) stands for the whole (the seductive gaze or the alluring presence and non-verbal communication of the woman). This device effectively emphasizes the subtle yet powerful nature of non-verbal communication in temptation. The verse also utilizes indirect Personification, as the "strange woman" is presented as an active, almost predatory agent, "taking" or ensnaring the man, which vividly conveys her dangerous influence and the passive vulnerability of the tempted. The overall structure is that of a Proverbial Warning, a concise, memorable, and didactic statement designed to impart practical wisdom and caution against specific, life-threatening dangers. The striking Parallelism between the two clauses—one focusing on internal desire and the other on external allure—creates a comprehensive and balanced admonition, underscoring that temptation assails both the inner man and through outward enticements.
THEOLOGICAL AND THEMATIC CONNECTIONS
Proverbs 6:25 profoundly aligns with the broader biblical emphasis on the sanctity of the heart as the origin point of all moral and spiritual life. It teaches that sin is not merely an outward act but begins in the hidden chambers of human desire and thought. This internal focus elevates the standard of righteousness beyond mere behavioral compliance to a matter of inner purity and integrity, reflecting God's demand for holiness from the inside out. The warning against the deceptive allure of beauty also speaks to a pervasive biblical theme: the danger of being swayed by superficial appearances rather than discerning true character and moral substance. The passage implicitly calls for a disciplined mind and spirit, recognizing that vigilant self-governance over one's inner life is crucial for walking in wisdom and avoiding the destructive paths of sin, particularly sexual immorality, which is consistently condemned throughout Scripture as a profound violation of God's covenant, human dignity, and the sacredness of relationships.
REFLECTION AND APPLICATION
Proverbs 6:25 remains profoundly relevant for believers today, serving as a timeless call to cultivate inner purity and exercise vigilant self-control. It challenges us to recognize that the battle against temptation is often won or lost in the heart and mind before any outward action takes place. In a world saturated with visual stimuli and pervasive opportunities for illicit desires, this verse urges us to proactively guard our thoughts, our gaze, and our affections. It teaches us to look beyond superficial beauty to discern true character and to understand that genuine wisdom involves not just avoiding sinful acts, but also actively crucifying the desires that lead to them. By internalizing this ancient wisdom, we are empowered to build a strong defense against the subtle snares of temptation, fostering a life of integrity, spiritual freedom, and lasting peace that honors God.
Questions for Reflection
FAQ
What does "lust not after her beauty in thine heart" mean in a practical sense?
Answer: This phrase means to actively resist allowing the physical attractiveness of another person, especially one who could lead you into sin (like an adulteress), to ignite an unholy or covetous desire within your inner being. Practically, it involves a conscious effort to control your thoughts, your gaze, and your imagination. It's about not dwelling on or fantasizing about forbidden beauty, recognizing that such internal indulgence is the first step towards actual sin. It calls for a discipline of the mind, redirecting thoughts toward purity and righteousness, as taught in Philippians 4:8.
How can "eyelids" be a source of temptation?
Answer: "Eyelids" here represent the subtle, non-verbal cues of seduction—flirtatious glances, alluring expressions, or a captivating gaze. These seemingly small gestures can be incredibly powerful in drawing someone in, bypassing direct words and appealing directly to desire. The verse warns against allowing oneself to be "taken" or ensnared by these subtle forms of enticement, highlighting that temptation often begins with seemingly innocent or fleeting interactions that gradually lead to deeper compromise. It's a reminder that seduction is not always overt but can operate through the power of suggestion and visual allure.
CHRIST-CENTERED FULFILLMENT
Proverbs 6:25, with its profound emphasis on the purity of the heart and the subtle nature of temptation, finds its ultimate fulfillment and radical reinterpretation in the person and teachings of Jesus Christ. While the Old Testament law prohibited outward acts of adultery, Jesus elevated the standard, declaring that merely looking at someone lustfully constitutes adultery in the heart (Matthew 5:28). This teaching directly addresses the "lust not after her beauty in thine heart" command, revealing that true righteousness demands an internal transformation, not just outward conformity. Christ's perfect life exemplifies the complete mastery over internal desires, and through His atoning work, He provides the power for believers to overcome the pervasive pull of sin. The Holy Spirit, given to those who believe, empowers us to "walk by the Spirit, and you will not gratify the desires of the flesh" (Galatians 5:16). Thus, the warning in Proverbs is not merely a legalistic prohibition but a call to the radical inner purity made possible only through union with Christ, who cleanses the heart and enables us to fix our eyes on what is pure, noble, and holy (Philippians 4:8), rather than being "taken" by the deceptive allure of the world's "eyelids."