TRV
Translation
King James Version
And the chief butler told his dream to Joseph, and said to him, In my dream, behold, a vine was before me;
Complete Jewish Bible
Then the chief cupbearer told Yosef his dream: "In my dream, there in front of me was a vine,
Berean Standard Bible
So the chief cupbearer told Joseph his dream: “In my dream there was a vine before me,
American Standard Version
And the chief butler told his dream to Joseph, and said to him, In my dream, behold, a vine was before me;
World English Bible Messianic
The chief cup bearer told his dream to Joseph, and said to him, “In my dream, behold, a vine was in front of me,
Geneva Bible (1599)
So the chiefe butler tolde his dreame to Ioseph, and said vnto him, In my dreame, behold, a vine was before me,
Young's Literal Translation
And the chief of the butlers recounteth his dream to Joseph, and saith to him, `In my dream, then lo, a vine is before me!
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In the KJVVerse 1,182 of 31,102
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Commentary on Genesis 40 verses 5–19
5 ¶ And they dreamed a dream both of them, each man his dream in one night, each man according to the interpretation of his dream, the butler and the baker of the king of Egypt, which were bound in the prison.
6 And Joseph came in unto them in the morning, and looked upon them, and, behold, they were sad.
7 And he asked Pharaoh's officers that were with him in the ward of his lord's house, saying, Wherefore look ye so sadly to day?
8 And they said unto him, We have dreamed a dream, and there is no interpreter of it. And Joseph said unto them, Do not interpretations belong to God? tell me them, I pray you.
9 And the chief butler told his dream to Joseph, and said to him, In my dream, behold, a vine was before me;
10 And in the vine were three branches: and it was as though it budded, and her blossoms shot forth; and the clusters thereof brought forth ripe grapes:
11 And Pharaoh's cup was in my hand: and I took the grapes, and pressed them into Pharaoh's cup, and I gave the cup into Pharaoh's hand.
12 And Joseph said unto him, This is the interpretation of it: The three branches are three days:
13 Yet within three days shall Pharaoh lift up thine head, and restore thee unto thy place: and thou shalt deliver Pharaoh's cup into his hand, after the former manner when thou wast his butler.
14 But think on me when it shall be well with thee, and shew kindness, I pray thee, unto me, and make mention of me unto Pharaoh, and bring me out of this house:
15 For indeed I was stolen away out of the land of the Hebrews: and here also have I done nothing that they should put me into the dungeon.
16 When the chief baker saw that the interpretation was good, he said unto Joseph, I also was in my dream, and, behold, I had three white baskets on my head:
17 And in the uppermost basket there was of all manner of bakemeats for Pharaoh; and the birds did eat them out of the basket upon my head.
18 And Joseph answered and said, This is the interpretation thereof: The three baskets are three days:
19 Yet within three days shall Pharaoh lift up thy head from off thee, and shall hang thee on a tree; and the birds shall eat thy flesh from off thee.
Observe, I. The special providence of God, which filled the heads of these two prisoners with unusual dreams, such as made extraordinary impressions upon them, and carried with them evidences of a divine origin, both in one night. Note, God has immediate access to the spirits of men, which he can make serviceable to his own purposes whenever he pleases, quite beyond the intention of those concerned. To him all hearts are open, and anciently he spoke not only to his own people, but to others, in dreams, Job 33:15. Things to come were thus foretold, but very obscurely.
II. The impression which was made upon these prisoners by their dreams (Gen 40:6): They were sad. It was not the prison that made them sad (they were pretty well used to that, and perhaps lived jovially there), but the dream. Note, God has more ways than one to sadden the spirits of those that are to be made sad. Those sinners that are hardy enough under outward troubles, and will not yield to them, yet God can find out a way to punish; he can take off their wheels, by wounding their spirits, and laying loads upon them.
III. Joseph's great tenderness and compassion towards them. He enquired with concern, Wherefore look you so sadly today? Gen 40:7. Joseph was their keeper, and in that office he was mild. Note, It becomes us to take cognizance of the sorrows even of those that are under our check. Joseph was their companion in tribulation, he was now a prisoner with them, and had been a dreamer too. Note, Communion in sufferings helps to work compassion towards those that do suffer. Let us learn hence, 1. To concern ourselves in the sorrows and troubles of others, and to enquire into the reason of the sadness of our brethren's countenances; we should be often considering the tears of the oppressed, Ecc 4:1. It is some relief to those that are in trouble to be taken notice of. 2. To enquire into the causes of our own sorrow, "Wherefore do I look so sadly? Is there a reason? Is it a good reason? Is there not a reason for comfort sufficient to balance it, whatever it is? Why art thou cast down, O my soul?"
IV. The dreams themselves, and the interpretation of them. That which troubled these prisoners was that being confined they could not have recourse to the diviners of Egypt who pretended to interpret dreams: There is no interpreter here in the prison, Gen 40:8. Note, There are interpreters which those that are in prison and sorrow should wish to have with them, to instruct them in the meaning and design of Providence (Elihu alludes to such, when he says, If there be an interpreter, one among a thousand, to show unto man his uprightness, Job 33:23, Job 33:24), interpreters to guide their consciences, not to satisfy their curiosity. Joseph hereupon directed them which way to look: Do not interpretations belong to God? He means the God whom he worshipped, to the knowledge of whom he endeavours hereby to lead them. Note, It is God's prerogative to foretel things to come, Isa 46:10. He must therefore have the praise of all the gifts of foresight which men have, ordinary or extraordinary. Joseph premises a caveat against his own praise, and is careful to transmit the glory to God, as Daniel, Dan 2:30. Joseph suggests, "If interpretations belong to God, he is a free agent, and may communicate the power to whom he pleases, and therefore tell me your dreams." Now, 1. The chief butler's dream was a happy presage of his enlargement, and re-advancement, within three days; and so Joseph explained it to him, Gen 40:12, Gen 40:13. Probably it had been usual with him to press the full-ripe grapes immediately into Pharaoh's cup, the simplicity of that age not being acquainted with the modern arts of making the wine fine. Observe, Joseph foretold the chief butler's deliverance, but he did not foresee his own. He had long before dreamt of his own honour, and the obeisance which his brethren should do to him, with the remembrance of which he must now support himself, without any new or fresh discoveries. The visions that are for the comfort of God's saints are for a great while to come, and relate to things that are very far off, while the foresights of others, like this recorded there, look but three days before them. 2. The chief baker's dream portended his ignominious death, Gen 40:18, Gen 40:19. The happy interpretation of the other's dream encouraged him to relate his. Thus hypocrites, when they hear good things promised to good Christians, would put in for a share, though they have no part nor lot in the matter. It was not Joseph's fault that he brought him no better tidings. Ministers are but interpreters, they cannot make the thing otherwise than it is; if therefore they deal faithfully, and their message prove unpleasing, it is not their fault. Bad dreams cannot expect a good interpretation.
V. The improvement Joseph made of this opportunity to get a friend at court, Gen 40:14, Gen 40:15. He modestly bespoke the favour of the chief butler, whose preferment he foretold: But think of me when it shall be well with thee. Though the respect paid to Joseph made the prison as easy to him as a prison could be, yet none can blame him for being desirous of liberty. See here, 1. What a modest representation he makes of his own case, Gen 40:15. He does not reflect upon his brethren that sold him; he only says, I was stolen out of the land of the Hebrews, that is, unjustly sent thence, no matter where the fault was. Nor does he reflect on the wrong done him in this imprisonment by his mistress that was his prosecutrix, and his master that was his judge; but mildly avers his own innocence: Here have I done nothing that they should put me into the dungeon. Note, When we are called to vindicate ourselves we should carefully avoid, as much as may be, speaking ill of others. Let us be content to prove ourselves innocent, and not be fond of upbraiding others with their guilt. 2. What a modest request he makes to the chief butler: "Only, think of me. Pray do me a kindness, if it lie in your way." And his particular petition is, Bring me out of this house. He does not say, "Bring me into Pharaoh's house, get me a place at court." No, he begs for enlargement, not preferment. Note, Providence sometimes designs the greatest honours for those that least covet or expect them.
Matthew Henry (1662–1714) — Commentary on the Whole Bible. This section covers verses 5–19. Public domain.
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Source: Quotations drawn from early Church Fathers and historical Christian theologians (AD 100–1500). Some quotes address the surrounding passage context rather than this verse alone.
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SUMMARY
Genesis 40:9 marks the beginning of the chief butler's prophetic dream, recounted to Joseph while both were unjustly imprisoned in Egypt. This verse is pivotal as it initiates a sequence of divinely orchestrated events, demonstrating God's sovereign hand at work even in Joseph's most challenging circumstances, paving the way for future divine intervention and Joseph's eventual exaltation.
CONTEXT
Literary Context: This verse is situated within the broader narrative of Joseph's life, specifically during his unjust imprisonment in Egypt. Following his betrayal by his brothers (Genesis 37:28) and false accusation by Potiphar's wife (Genesis 39:19), Joseph finds himself in a dire situation. Yet, the preceding verses emphasize that "the Lord was with Joseph" (Genesis 39:21), granting him favor even in prison, where he was put in charge of all the prisoners. The immediate context involves the incarceration of Pharaoh's chief butler and chief baker, both of whom have troubling dreams on the same night. Joseph, observing their distress, offers to interpret, humbly stating, "Do not interpretations belong to God?" (Genesis 40:8). This verse, Genesis 40:9, is the butler's direct response, initiating the unfolding of his dream and setting the stage for Joseph's divine insight.
Historical & Cultural Context: Dreams held significant weight in ancient Near Eastern cultures, often regarded as direct communications from deities. Egyptians, in particular, had a sophisticated understanding of dreams and employed professional interpreters. Pharaoh himself would later rely on such interpretations in Genesis 41. The roles of "chief butler" and "chief baker" were prestigious positions within the pharaonic court, indicating their close proximity and importance to the king. Their imprisonment, though unexplained, highlights the absolute power of Pharaoh and the precariousness of life in the royal court. Joseph, as a Hebrew slave, was an outsider, yet his unique God-given ability to interpret dreams transcended cultural boundaries and established norms, demonstrating the universality of God's revelation.
Key Themes: Genesis 40:9 contributes significantly to several overarching themes in the book of Genesis and Joseph's narrative. Foremost is the theme of Divine Providence, showcasing God's meticulous and sovereign control over all circumstances, using even human injustice and seemingly random events like dreams to advance His redemptive plan. It underscores the theme of Revelation Through Dreams, a recurring motif in the Old Testament where God communicates directly with individuals, often in times of uncertainty or transition, as seen with Abraham, Jacob, and later, Pharaoh. Furthermore, it highlights Joseph's God-Given Wisdom and Gifts, which continue to operate despite his adversity, serving not for his personal gain but as instruments for God's purposes, ultimately leading to his exaltation and the preservation of his family and the nascent nation of Israel, a theme powerfully illustrated in Genesis 41:14-40.
EXPOSITION AND ANALYSIS
Key Word Analysis
Verse Breakdown
Literary Devices
The verse employs several literary devices. Foreshadowing is evident as the dream itself serves as a premonition of future events—the butler's restoration and, by extension, Joseph's eventual release. Symbolism is central, with the "vine" being a potent image representing life, fruitfulness, and restoration, which will be explicitly interpreted by Joseph later in the chapter. The narrative also utilizes Divine Revelation through Dreams, a common biblical motif where God communicates His will and future plans through nocturnal visions, highlighting His active involvement in human affairs and His ability to use seemingly ordinary means for extraordinary purposes.
THEOLOGICAL AND THEMATIC CONNECTIONS
Genesis 40:9 serves as a crucial link in the chain of God's providential care over Joseph, illustrating that even in the most desolate circumstances, God is actively at work, orchestrating events for His ultimate purposes. The divine origin of the dream, though not explicitly stated in this verse, is implied by Joseph's later interpretation and the precise fulfillment of the prophecy. This passage underscores God's ability to use human suffering, injustice, and even the mundane details of prison life to advance His redemptive plan, ultimately leading to Joseph's exaltation and the preservation of His chosen people.
REFLECTION AND APPLICATION
Genesis 40:9 offers profound lessons for contemporary believers. It reminds us that God's sovereign hand is at work in every detail of our lives, even when we find ourselves in circumstances that feel unjust, forgotten, or devoid of hope. Like Joseph, we may experience periods of adversity, but this verse encourages us to trust that God is orchestrating events for His glory and our ultimate good, even if the path is unclear. Our willingness to remain faithful, to use our God-given gifts for the benefit of others, and to maintain integrity, even in obscurity, can open doors to divine appointments and fulfill God's greater purposes. It challenges us to look beyond our immediate struggles and recognize the potential for God to work through them, shaping our character and preparing us for future roles in His kingdom.
Questions for Reflection
FAQ
What is the significance of the "vine" in the chief butler's dream?
Answer: In the chief butler's dream, the vine (Hebrew: gephen) is a potent symbol of fertility, prosperity, and joy. It foreshadows his impending restoration to his former position of service and abundance. While the vine often symbolizes Israel in other biblical contexts (e.g., Psalm 80:8-19), in this specific narrative, Joseph's divinely inspired interpretation reveals its direct connection to the butler's personal future and his return to Pharaoh's service, signifying renewed life and fruitfulness.
How does Genesis 40:9 demonstrate God's providence?
Answer: Genesis 40:9 demonstrates God's providence by showing how a seemingly ordinary dream, recounted in the confines of an obscure prison, is a precise step in God's larger, intricate plan to elevate Joseph. God uses this dream as the catalyst to bring Joseph into contact with Pharaoh's inner circle, ultimately leading to Joseph's rise to power as vizier of Egypt and the preservation of Israel during a severe famine. This illustrates God's meticulous control over all circumstances, using even human actions and natural phenomena to achieve His sovereign will, as further elaborated in Genesis 45:7-8.
CHRIST-CENTERED FULFILLMENT
While Genesis 40:9 directly details the chief butler's dream, the broader narrative of Joseph's life, including his unjust suffering, divine insight, and eventual exaltation to save his people, serves as a profound type of Christ. Just as the vine in the butler's dream foreshadowed restoration and fruitfulness, Jesus Christ later identifies Himself as the "true vine" in John 15:1, with believers as the branches. This imagery emphasizes the vital, life-giving connection between Christ and His followers, where true spiritual fruitfulness comes only through abiding in Him. Joseph's ability to bring life and hope through divine revelation, even from a place of suffering and imprisonment, powerfully points to Christ, who, through His own suffering, death, and resurrection, became the ultimate source of life, salvation, and wisdom for all who are connected to Him by faith. His exaltation to the right hand of God, as described in Philippians 2:9-11, mirrors Joseph's rise, demonstrating God's pattern of exalting those who humble themselves and faithfully serve, ultimately for the salvation of many.