Ezra 7:19

KJV

The vessels also that are given thee for the service of the house of thy God, [those] deliver thou before the God of Jerusalem.

KJV (with Strong's)

The vessels {H3984} also that are given {H3052} thee for the service {H6402} of the house {H1005} of thy God {H426}, those deliver {H8000} thou before {H6925} the God {H426} of Jerusalem {H3390}.

Complete Jewish Bible

"The articles given to you for the service of the house of your God, deliver to the God of Yerushalayim.

Berean Standard Bible

You must deliver to the God of Jerusalem all the articles given to you for the service of the house of your God.

American Standard Version

And the vessels that are given thee for the service of the house of thy God, deliver thou before the God of Jerusalem.

Commentary

### SUMMARY
Ezra 7:19 records a specific and significant instruction from King Artaxerxes I to Ezra, a skilled scribe and priest, concerning the sacred vessels designated for the newly rebuilt Temple in Jerusalem. This verse underscores the Persian king's remarkable support for the Jewish people and their religious practices, highlighting the profound outworking of divine providence in the restoration of Israel after the Babylonian exile and the re-establishment of proper worship in Jerusalem.

### CONTEXT
* **Literary Context:** Ezra 7:19 is embedded within a pivotal decree issued by King Artaxerxes I (465-424 BC) to Ezra, detailing the king's authorization and provision for Ezra's journey to Jerusalem and his mission there. Chapters [Ezra 1-6](/ezra/1 "Ezra 1-6 - The First Return and Temple Building") describe the initial return under Zerubbabel and the completion of the Second Temple. Ezra 7 marks a new phase, focusing on Ezra's arrival and his mandate to establish and enforce the Law of God among the returnees. This verse specifically addresses the material support for the Temple, following Artaxerxes' broader declaration of financial aid and his explicit recognition of Ezra's authority as a "scribe of the Law of the God of heaven" [Ezra 7:12](/ezra/7-12 "Ezra 7:12 - Artaxerxes' Letter to Ezra"). The meticulous instruction regarding the vessels emphasizes the king's commitment to the precise and holy worship of the God of Israel, aligning with Ezra's own dedication to the Law as stated in [Ezra 7:10](/ezra/7-10 "Ezra 7:10 - Ezra's Devotion to the Law").
* **Historical & Cultural Context:** This verse is set against the backdrop of the Achaemenid Persian Empire, which, unlike its Assyrian and Babylonian predecessors, generally pursued a policy of religious tolerance and administrative decentralization, often utilizing local religious leaders to maintain order. King Artaxerxes I, a powerful monarch, was continuing the policy initiated by Cyrus the Great, who had first allowed the Jews to return and rebuild their Temple [Ezra 1:1-4](/ezra/1-1 "Ezra 1:1-4 - Cyrus's Decree"). The "vessels" mentioned here refer to sacred utensils and implements used in Temple rituals, many of which had been plundered by Nebuchadnezzar during the [destruction of Jerusalem and the First Temple](/2_kings/25-14 "2 Kings 25:14 - Plunder of Temple Vessels") in 586 BC. Some of these had been returned by Cyrus [Ezra 1:7](/ezra/1-7 "Ezra 1:7 - Cyrus Returns Temple Vessels"), but Artaxerxes' decree indicates further provisions or a renewed emphasis on the proper handling of all such items. For a pagan king to show such concern for the sacred items of a foreign deity was remarkable, reflecting either a pragmatic desire for stability within his empire or, more profoundly, the unseen hand of God at work, influencing the heart of a powerful ruler.
* **Key Themes:** The instruction in Ezra 7:19 contributes significantly to several overarching themes within the book of Ezra and the post-exilic narrative. Firstly, it powerfully illustrates **Divine Providence and Royal Favor**, demonstrating how God can sovereignly move the hearts of even pagan kings to accomplish His redemptive purposes, providing resources and protection for His people and their worship. Secondly, it highlights the theme of **Restoration and Sanctification**. The return and careful delivery of these sacred vessels symbolize not just the physical rebuilding of the Temple but also the spiritual restoration of proper, holy worship. These items, once defiled or lost, were essential for legitimate and sanctified service to God, signifying a return to covenant faithfulness. Lastly, the verse underscores **Stewardship and Responsibility**, as Ezra is entrusted with a significant and holy task. The command "deliver thou before the God of Jerusalem" emphasizes the solemnity of his charge to handle these sacred items with reverence and integrity, ensuring they reach their divine purpose and are consecrated for the service of the Lord. This responsibility is a direct outflow of Ezra's own commitment to God's law, as detailed in [Ezra 7:10](/ezra/7-10 "Ezra 7:10 - Ezra's Devotion to the Law").

### EXPOSITION AND ANALYSIS
#### Key Word Analysis
* **Vessels (Hebrew, _keli'_):** The Hebrew term כְּלִי (_keli_) is a versatile word meaning "article," "implement," "utensil," or "vessel." In the context of the Temple, as here, it specifically refers to the sacred instruments and furnishings used in worship, such as bowls, pitchers, shovels, and other items for offerings, sacrifices, and the general service of the sanctuary. These were not ordinary household items but consecrated objects, integral to the prescribed rituals and symbolic of God's holy presence and the means by which His people could approach Him. Their return and proper use were vital for the restoration of legitimate worship.
* **Deliver (Hebrew, _hashlem'_):** The verb הַשְׁלֵם (_hashlem_), derived from the root שָׁלֵם (_shalem_), means "to complete," "to make whole," "to fulfill," or "to deliver completely." It implies more than just a mere physical transfer. In this context, it conveys the idea of a proper, complete, and respectful delivery, ensuring that the vessels are presented appropriately and fully for their sacred function. It highlights the solemnity and integrity required in handling items dedicated to God, emphasizing that the task is not merely logistical but spiritual.

#### Verse Breakdown
* **"The vessels also that are given thee for the service of the house of thy God":** This clause identifies the specific items in question—sacred vessels—and their intended purpose: the "service" or worship within the "house of thy God," referring to the Temple in Jerusalem. The phrase "given thee" indicates that these resources are provided by King Artaxerxes, demonstrating royal favor and material support for the Jewish religious practices. The designation "thy God" acknowledges the specific deity worshipped by Ezra and the Jews, highlighting the king's recognition of their distinct religious identity and practices.
* **"[those] deliver thou":** This is a direct command to Ezra, placing the personal responsibility for the proper handling and transportation of these sacred items squarely upon him. The imperative form emphasizes the urgency and importance of the task. It signifies Ezra's role as a trusted steward, entrusted with precious and holy objects that are vital for the re-establishment of Temple worship.
* **"before the God of Jerusalem":** This concluding phrase specifies the ultimate recipient and authority to whom these vessels are to be delivered. "The God of Jerusalem" is a localized, yet powerful, designation for the Lord, emphasizing His presence and sovereignty over His chosen city and Temple. The act of delivery is not merely to a physical location but an act of presentation before God Himself, underscoring the sacredness of the vessels and the profound spiritual nature of Ezra's mission.

#### Literary Devices
Ezra 7:19 employs several literary devices to convey its message. The **Direct Address** ("deliver thou") immediately engages Ezra, highlighting his personal responsibility and the direct nature of the royal command. There is a strong use of **Emphasis** through repetition and specific phrasing; the repeated mention of "God" ("thy God," "the God of Jerusalem") underscores the divine focus and ultimate recipient of the service. The "vessels" themselves function as **Symbolism** and **Metonymy**, representing not just physical objects but the entire system of Temple worship, its sanctity, and the restoration of proper religious practice in post-exilic Judah. Their return signifies the re-establishment of a covenant relationship and God's presence among His people. The precise and detailed nature of the instruction also reflects the **Legalistic** and **Administrative** tone characteristic of Persian decrees, lending authority and weight to the command.

### THEOLOGICAL AND THEMATIC CONNECTIONS
Ezra 7:19 profoundly illustrates God's meticulous care for the details of worship and His sovereign ability to orchestrate events, even through secular authorities, to achieve His divine purposes. The emphasis on the sacred vessels, once plundered and now returned and properly delivered, speaks to the enduring importance of consecration—not only of objects but also of lives—to God's service. It reveals that God is concerned with both the grand sweep of history (the return from exile) and the minute details of His sanctuary. This verse reminds us that everything dedicated to God's service must be handled with reverence, integrity, and a clear understanding of its ultimate purpose: to honor Him. It is a testament to God's faithfulness in restoring His people and their worship, ensuring that the means of approaching Him are re-established according to His will.

* [Exodus 25:8-9](/exodus/25-8-9 "Instructions for the Tabernacle")
* [Daniel 5:1-4](/daniel/5-1-4 "Daniel 5:1-4 - Belshazzar's Sacrilege with Temple Vessels")
* [Haggai 2:7-8](/haggai/2-7-8 "Haggai 2:7-8 - The Future Glory of the Temple")

### REFLECTION AND APPLICATION
Ezra 7:19 offers powerful lessons for contemporary believers regarding stewardship, divine sovereignty, and the sanctity of our service to God. Just as Ezra was entrusted with precious, consecrated vessels for the literal house of God, we too are entrusted with resources—our time, talents, spiritual gifts, material possessions, and even our very bodies—to be used for the "service of the house of our God," which is now the spiritual temple of the church and the spread of His Kingdom. This verse challenges us to consider how we "deliver" what God has given us. Are we handling our responsibilities with the same reverence, integrity, and intentionality that Ezra was commanded to show? Do we recognize that our service, no matter how seemingly small, is ultimately "before the God of Jerusalem," before the sovereign Lord who sees all and to whom all is due? Furthermore, the divine influence on King Artaxerxes reminds us that God is actively at work in the world, even in unexpected places and through unlikely individuals. We are called to trust in His providence, knowing that He can open doors and provide resources even when circumstances appear daunting, enabling us to faithfully carry out His will.

#### Questions for Reflection
* **What "vessels" (resources, gifts, opportunities) has God entrusted to me for His service today?**
* **In what ways can I "deliver" these resources "before the God of Jerusalem" with greater reverence and integrity?**
* **How does recognizing God's sovereignty in the actions of powerful individuals, like Artaxerxes, impact my trust in His plan for my life and the church?**
* **Am I treating my own body, as a temple of the Holy Spirit, with the same sanctity and dedication implied by the handling of the Temple vessels?**

### FAQ
**Why would a pagan king like Artaxerxes provide for the Jewish Temple?**

Answer: Artaxerxes' provision for the Jewish Temple, including the sacred vessels, can be understood through several lenses, all ultimately pointing to divine providence. Historically, the Persian Empire had a pragmatic policy of religious tolerance and support for local cults, believing that a contented populace and the blessings of their gods would contribute to the stability and prosperity of the empire. By supporting the Jewish Temple, Artaxerxes could ensure the loyalty of a significant population group and potentially invoke the favor of "the God of heaven" for his own kingdom, as explicitly stated in [Ezra 7:23](/ezra/7-23 "Ezra 7:23 - Artaxerxes' Motivation for Supporting the Temple"). The king also seemed to have a personal respect for Ezra, recognizing his wisdom and authority as a "scribe of the Law of the God of heaven" [Ezra 7:12](/ezra/7-12 "Ezra 7:12 - Artaxerxes' Letter to Ezra"). Ultimately, from a theological perspective, this act is a powerful demonstration of God's sovereign hand, working through the hearts of kings and nations, even those unaware of Him, to accomplish His redemptive purposes for His people and the restoration of His worship in Jerusalem.

### CHRIST-CENTERED FULFILLMENT
Ezra 7:19, with its focus on the sacred vessels for the Temple and their proper delivery, finds its ultimate fulfillment and deeper meaning in Jesus Christ. The physical Temple, with all its furnishings and rituals, was a shadow pointing to the reality of Christ. He is the true and ultimate Temple, the dwelling place of God among humanity [John 2:19-21](/john/2-19-21 "John 2:19-21 - Jesus Predicts the Destruction and Resurrection of the Temple"). The "service of the house of thy God" foreshadows the perfect and complete service rendered by Christ, who, as the great High Priest, offered Himself as the spotless sacrifice, thereby fulfilling all the requirements of the Old Covenant Temple worship [Hebrews 9:11-14](/hebrews/9-11-14 "Hebrews 9:11-14 - Christ's Superior Sacrifice"). Moreover, just as the vessels were consecrated for divine use, believers in Christ are now consecrated and made holy through His blood, becoming "living stones" built into a "spiritual house" and a "holy priesthood" to offer spiritual sacrifices acceptable to God through Him [1 Peter 2:5](/1_peter/2-5 "1 Peter 2:5 - Living Stones, Spiritual House") and [1 Peter 2:9](/1_peter/2-9 "1 Peter 2:9 - A Chosen Race, a Royal Priesthood"). The "delivery" of the vessels "before the God of Jerusalem" anticipates Christ's ultimate "delivery" of Himself as an offering to God on the cross, a perfect act of obedience that fully accomplished God's redemptive plan. In Christ, the need for physical vessels and a localized temple is superseded by a new covenant worship in spirit and truth [John 4:23-24](/john/4-23-24 "John 4:23-24 - Worship in Spirit and Truth"), where believers themselves become the consecrated "vessels" for God's glory, presented as a living sacrifice [Romans 12:1](/romans/12-1 "Romans 12:1 - Living Sacrifices").

Note: Commentary is generated by AI with a directive for Biblical fidelity. Always rely on the Holy Spirit for discernment. The Scripture text and cross-references are from verified, non-AI sources.

Cross-References

2 Chronicles 32:19

And they spake against the God of Jerusalem, as against the gods of the people of the earth, [which were] the work of the hands of man.

Jeremiah 3:17

At that time they shall call Jerusalem the throne of the LORD; and all the nations shall be gathered unto it, to the name of the LORD, to Jerusalem: neither shall they walk any more after the imagination of their evil heart.

Ezra 8:33

Now on the fourth day was the silver and the gold and the vessels weighed in the house of our God by the hand of Meremoth the son of Uriah the priest; and with him [was] Eleazar the son of Phinehas; and with them [was] Jozabad the son of Jeshua, and Noadiah the son of Binnui, Levites;

Ezra 8:34

By number [and] by weight of every one: and all the weight was written at that time.

Ezra 8:27

Also twenty basons of gold, of a thousand drams; and two vessels of fine copper, precious as gold.

Ezra 8:30

So took the priests and the Levites the weight of the silver, and the gold, and the vessels, to bring [them] to Jerusalem unto the house of our God.