2 Kings 9:32

KJV

And he lifted up his face to the window, and said, Who [is] on my side? who? And there looked out to him two [or] three eunuchs.

KJV (with Strong's)

And he lifted up {H5375} his face {H6440} to the window {H2474}, and said {H559}, Who is on my side? who? And there looked out {H8259} to him two {H8147} or three {H7969} eunuchs {H5631}.

Complete Jewish Bible

Looking up at the window he said, "Who is on my side? Who?" Two or three officers looked out toward him.

Berean Standard Bible

He looked up at the window and called out, “Who is on my side? Who?” And two or three eunuchs looked down at him.

American Standard Version

And he lifted up his face to the window, and said, Who is on my side? who? And there looked out to him two or three eunuchs.

Commentary

### SUMMARY
This verse captures a climactic and pivotal moment in the execution of God's long-prophesied judgment against the wicked Queen Jezebel and the house of Ahab. As Jehu, the newly anointed king and instrument of divine wrath, arrives at Jezreel, Jezebel defiantly presents herself at a window. Jehu's direct and urgent challenge, "Who is on my side? who?", immediately demands allegiance from those within the palace, setting the stage for the swift and decisive action that seals Jezebel's fate and underscores the unstoppable nature of God's righteous decrees.

### CONTEXT
* **Literary Context:** 2 Kings 9:32 is situated at the dramatic culmination of Jehu's divinely appointed mission to eradicate the dynasty of Ahab. The preceding verses detail Jehu's anointing by a prophet sent by Elisha, explicitly commissioning him to "strike down the house of Ahab your master, that I may avenge on Jezebel [the blood of my servants the prophets and the blood of all the servants of the Lord](/2_kings/9-7 "2 Kings 9:7 - Jehu's Commission")". Following this, Jehu rides furiously to Jezreel, where King Joram of Israel and King Ahaziah of Judah are killed by his hand, as described in [the account of their deaths](/2_kings/9-21-28 "2 Kings 9:21-28 - Deaths of Joram and Ahaziah"). Upon Jehu's arrival at the royal city, Jezebel, ever defiant, paints her eyes and adorns her head, appearing at a window to confront Jehu with a taunt, setting the immediate scene for Jehu's decisive question and the subsequent, brutal fulfillment of prophecy.
* **Historical & Cultural Context:** The events of 2 Kings 9 unfold in the northern kingdom of Israel during a period of intense political instability and religious apostasy, roughly in the mid-9th century BCE. Jezebel, a Phoenician princess and the wife of King Ahab, had introduced and aggressively promoted Baal worship in Israel, persecuting [the prophets of Yahweh](/1_kings/18-4 "1 Kings 18:4 - Jezebel's Persecution of Prophets"). Her actions, particularly her role in the murder of Naboth to seize his vineyard, detailed in [the narrative of Naboth's vineyard](/1_kings/21-1-16 "1 Kings 21:1-16 - Naboth's Vineyard"), had drawn a severe prophetic curse from Elijah, foretelling her gruesome end, as found in [Elijah's prophecy against Jezebel](/1_kings/21-23 "1 Kings 21:23 - Elijah's Prophecy Against Jezebel"). The presence of "eunuchs" (Hebrew: *sarisim*) in the royal court was common in ancient Near Eastern monarchies; these officials, often castrated, served in various trusted capacities, highlighting their close proximity to the queen and their ultimate pragmatic allegiance to the rising power. Their swift response to Jehu's call underscores the precarious nature of loyalty in a volatile political climate.
* **Key Themes:** This verse powerfully illustrates several overarching themes within 2 Kings and the broader biblical narrative. Firstly, it showcases the **Divine Judgment** of God against persistent wickedness and idolatry, particularly against the corrupt house of Ahab and Jezebel, whose actions had profoundly defiled Israel. Secondly, it highlights the theme of **Prophetic Fulfillment**, as Jehu acts as the instrument through which [Elijah's earlier pronouncements against Jezebel](/1_kings/21-23 "1 Kings 21:23 - Elijah's Prophecy Against Jezebel") are meticulously brought to pass. Thirdly, Jehu's direct question underscores the theme of **Loyalty and Decision**, forcing those within the palace to make an immediate and stark choice between aligning with a condemned regime or embracing the new, divinely sanctioned authority. This moment vividly portrays the **Sovereignty of God** in orchestrating historical events and using human agents to execute His righteous will, even amidst violent political upheaval, demonstrating that [His plans cannot be thwarted](/job/42-2 "Job 42:2 - God's Sovereignty").

### EXPOSITION AND ANALYSIS

#### Key Word Analysis
* **Lifted up his face (Hebrew, _nâsâʼ pânîym'_):** This phrase, combining H5375 (to lift) and H6440 (face), denotes a direct, purposeful gaze, often implying confrontation or a direct address. Jehu is not merely glancing; he is fixing his gaze intently on the window where Jezebel stands, signaling his readiness for immediate action and his direct challenge to her presence. It conveys a sense of resolute determination and unyielding purpose, indicating a deliberate act of seeking out and engaging with the target.
* **Said (Hebrew, _ʼâmar'_):** H559 signifies a primitive root meaning "to say," used with great latitude to include answering, appointing, commanding, declaring, or demanding. In this context, Jehu's "saying" is not a casual utterance but a forceful, authoritative declaration. It functions as a direct command and a test of loyalty, requiring an immediate and public response, highlighting the power and intent behind his words.
* **Eunuchs (Hebrew, _çârîyç'_):** H5631 refers to a eunuch, implying a valet or minister of state, often castrated, serving in positions of trust within royal courts. Their presence here signifies their intimate access to Jezebel and the royal chambers. Their swift response to Jehu's call reveals their pragmatic decision-making, prioritizing self-preservation and aligning with the new, divinely empowered authority over loyalty to a falling queen. Their action underscores the complete abandonment of Jezebel by her closest attendants, demonstrating the fragile nature of loyalty in the face of absolute power.

#### Verse Breakdown
* **"And he lifted up his face to the window":** Jehu, having arrived at Jezreel and confronted Jezebel's defiant appearance, directs his gaze specifically to the window from which she looks out. This action is deliberate and confrontational, indicating Jehu's focus on Jezebel as the primary target of his mission. It sets the stage for a direct challenge, not a casual observation, emphasizing the intentionality of his pursuit of divine judgment.
* **"and said, Who [is] on my side? who?":** This is a powerful rhetorical question, not an inquiry for information but a demand for immediate allegiance and action. The repetition of "who?" emphasizes the urgency and the non-negotiable nature of the choice. Jehu is asserting his authority as the new, divinely appointed king and calling for collaborators to execute God's judgment against Jezebel. It is a test of loyalty that requires an immediate, visible, and decisive response, forcing those present to declare their true allegiance.
* **"And there looked out to him two [or] three eunuchs":** The immediate response of these court officials signifies the shifting tides of power and the recognition of Jehu's authority. Their willingness to identify themselves suggests a readiness to abandon Jezebel and align with the new regime, likely out of fear, opportunism, or perhaps even a recognition of God's hand in Jehu's rise. Their small number (two or three) is sufficient to carry out the impending judgment, highlighting the swiftness and efficiency with which divine decrees can be implemented and the complete isolation of Jezebel.

#### Literary Devices
The verse is rich with **Dramatic Irony**, as Jezebel's defiant appearance, intended to assert power and intimidate Jehu, ironically becomes the very means of her downfall. Her attempt to maintain control from the window is met with a swift, decisive challenge that seals her fate. Jehu's question, "Who is on my side? who?", serves as a powerful **Rhetorical Question**, not seeking information but demanding immediate allegiance and action, effectively forcing a public and irreversible declaration of loyalty from those within the palace. The **Symbolism** of the window is also significant; it is a place of observation and perceived power for Jezebel, but it quickly transforms into the site of her execution, symbolizing the collapse of her authority and the public nature of her demise. The **Foreshadowing** is palpable, as Jehu's direct challenge and the eunuchs' immediate response leave no doubt about the violent and swift judgment that is about to unfold, setting the stage for the fulfillment of prophecy.

### THEOLOGICAL AND THEMATIC CONNECTIONS
This dramatic encounter in 2 Kings 9:32 serves as a stark and powerful illustration of God's unwavering commitment to justice and the certainty of His judgment against persistent rebellion and wickedness. Jezebel, a symbol of idolatry and moral corruption, represents the extreme opposition to God's covenant and His prophets. Her downfall, initiated by Jehu's decisive call for allegiance, underscores the truth that no human power or defiance can ultimately thwart the divine will. It highlights God's sovereignty in raising up and bringing down rulers, using even violent means to cleanse His people and uphold His righteousness. This event reaffirms that God is actively involved in history, ensuring that His word, spoken through His prophets, is ultimately fulfilled, demonstrating that pride and arrogance inevitably lead to destruction.

* [1 Kings 21:23](/1_kings/21-23 "1 Kings 21:23 - Elijah's Prophecy Against Jezebel")
* [Proverbs 16:18](/proverbs/16-18 "Proverbs 16:18 - Pride Goes Before Destruction")
* [Romans 13:1-2](/romans/13-1-2 "Romans 13:1-2 - Submission to Governing Authorities")

### REFLECTION AND APPLICATION
The scene at Jezreel, where Jehu confronts Jezebel and demands immediate allegiance, presents a profound challenge to believers today. It compels us to examine the nature of our own loyalties. Just as the eunuchs were forced to make a swift and public choice between a condemned regime and a divinely appointed authority, so too are we called to make decisive choices in a world often at odds with God's kingdom. This passage reminds us that there is no neutral ground when it comes to allegiance to God; we are either "on His side" or against Him. It underscores the ultimate futility of defying God's will and the certainty of His judgment against unrepentant sin, regardless of worldly power or influence. Our commitment to Christ must be unwavering, characterized by a readiness to separate from the corrupting influences of the world and to align ourselves fully with His righteous purposes, even when it demands costly decisions or challenges popular opinion.

#### Questions for Reflection
* **What "windows" or positions of perceived power in my life might be blinding me to God's coming judgment or call for allegiance?**
* **In what areas of my life am I being called to make a more decisive choice to be "on God's side," even if it means abandoning worldly loyalties or comforts?**
* **How does the swiftness of the eunuchs' response challenge my own readiness to obey God's call when it comes?**

### FAQ

**Why did Jehu ask "Who is on my side? who?"**

Answer: Jehu's question was not a genuine inquiry for information but a powerful rhetorical demand for immediate allegiance and action. He had just arrived in Jezreel, having already executed King Joram and King Ahaziah, and was now confronting Jezebel, the primary target of his divine commission to destroy the house of Ahab. By asking "Who is on my side?", Jehu was asserting his authority as the new king and forcing those within the palace to publicly declare their loyalty. It was a test designed to identify collaborators who would assist him in executing God's judgment against Jezebel, ensuring that [the prophecy against her](/1_kings/21-23 "1 Kings 21:23 - Elijah's Prophecy Against Jezebel") was swiftly and decisively fulfilled. This question created an immediate crisis of loyalty, demanding a clear and public commitment.

**What was the significance of the "two or three eunuchs" responding?**

Answer: The response of "two or three eunuchs" is highly significant for several reasons. Firstly, eunuchs were trusted court officials, often in close proximity to the monarch, indicating that even Jezebel's closest attendants were willing to abandon her. This highlights her complete isolation and the collapse of her support. Secondly, their immediate response signifies a pragmatic recognition of the shift in power; they chose self-preservation and alignment with the rising authority of Jehu, who was clearly acting with divine backing. Thirdly, the small number (two or three) highlights the efficiency and swiftness with which God's judgment could be carried out through even a few willing agents. It underscores the complete isolation and abandonment of Jezebel, even by those who had served her most intimately, fulfilling the prophetic word that she would be utterly consumed and unmourned, as detailed in [the grim prophecy's fulfillment](/2_kings/9-36-37 "2 Kings 9:36-37 - Fulfillment of Prophecy on Jezebel").

### CHRIST-CENTERED FULFILLMENT
While 2 Kings 9:32 depicts a violent act of divine judgment in the Old Testament, it powerfully foreshadows the ultimate and righteous judgment executed by Christ. Jehu, as God's instrument, demanded allegiance and brought swift justice, much like Christ, who is appointed by the Father as [the ultimate Judge of all humanity](/john/5-22 "John 5:22 - Christ as Judge"). The call "Who is on my side?" echoes the fundamental choice presented by Jesus: "Whoever is not with me is against me, and whoever does not gather with me scatters," as He declared in [Matthew 12:30](/matthew/12-30 "Matthew 12:30 - For or Against Christ"). Unlike Jezebel's defiant rebellion, which met with physical destruction, unrepentant sin today faces the spiritual and eternal judgment of Christ. Yet, the New Testament also presents Christ as [the Lamb of God, who takes away the sin of the world](/john/1-29 "John 1:29 - Jesus, the Lamb of God"), offering salvation and deliverance from judgment to all who align themselves with Him through faith. Thus, Jehu's decisive act, while a historical event of judgment, points forward to the absolute authority of Christ, who will ultimately establish His righteous kingdom and execute perfect justice, bringing an end to all rebellion and wickedness when He returns as [the King of kings and Lord of lords](/revelation/19-11-16 "Revelation 19:11-16 - Christ the Warrior King").

Note: Commentary is generated by AI with a directive for Biblical fidelity. Always rely on the Holy Spirit for discernment. The Scripture text and cross-references are from verified, non-AI sources.

Cross-References

Psalms 118:6

The LORD [is] on my side; I will not fear: what can man do unto me?

Esther 2:15

Now when the turn of Esther, the daughter of Abihail the uncle of Mordecai, who had taken her for his daughter, was come to go in unto the king, she required nothing but what Hegai the king's chamberlain, the keeper of the women, appointed. And Esther obtained favour in the sight of all them that looked upon her.

Exodus 32:26

Then Moses stood in the gate of the camp, and said, Who [is] on the LORD'S side? [let him come] unto me. And all the sons of Levi gathered themselves together unto him.

1 Chronicles 12:18

Then the spirit came upon Amasai, [who was] chief of the captains, [and he said], Thine [are we], David, and on thy side, thou son of Jesse: peace, peace [be] unto thee, and peace [be] to thine helpers; for thy God helpeth thee. Then David received them, and made them captains of the band.

Psalms 124:1

¶ A Song of degrees of David. If [it had not been] the LORD who was on our side, now may Israel say;

Psalms 124:2

If [it had not been] the LORD who was on our side, when men rose up against us:

Esther 2:21

¶ In those days, while Mordecai sat in the king's gate, two of the king's chamberlains, Bigthan and Teresh, of those which kept the door, were wroth, and sought to lay hand on the king Ahasuerus.