Numbers 33:13

KJV

And they departed from Dophkah, and encamped in Alush.

KJV (with Strong's)

And they departed {H5265} from Dophkah {H1850}, and encamped {H2583} in Alush {H442}.

Complete Jewish Bible

They moved on from Dofkah and camped at Alush.

Berean Standard Bible

They set out from Dophkah and camped at Alush.

American Standard Version

And they journeyed from Dophkah, and encamped in Alush.

Commentary

### SUMMARY
Numbers 33:13 succinctly records a specific stage in Israel's divinely guided wilderness journey, marking their transition from Dophkah to Alush. This brief entry, embedded within a comprehensive itinerary of forty-two encampments, serves as a powerful testament to God's meticulous providence and unwavering faithfulness in leading His covenant people through the challenging desert landscape, underscoring His sovereign oversight of every detail of their pilgrimage from Egyptian bondage to the threshold of the Promised Land.

### CONTEXT
* **Literary Context:** Numbers chapter 33 stands as a unique and meticulously detailed historical record within the Pentateuch, systematically cataloging the forty-two distinct stages of Israel's journey from their departure from Egypt under Moses' leadership to their final encampment on the plains of Moab. This chapter functions as a divinely inspired travelogue, emphasizing the historical veracity and precise divine orchestration of their forty-year wilderness experience. Verses 1-2 explicitly state the purpose of this list: to provide a written account of their journeys "according to their stages, by command of the Lord." Numbers 33:13 specifically details the fifth and sixth encampments, following Elim and preceding Rephidim, embedding it within a continuous sequence that highlights the systematic, divinely directed movement of the entire Israelite nation. The repetitive formula "And they departed from X, and encamped in Y" throughout the chapter powerfully reinforces the methodical nature of their pilgrimage and God's consistent, guiding presence in every transition.
* **Historical & Cultural Context:** The wilderness journey of Israel, spanning forty years, was a pivotal period of divine testing, provision, and national formation for a nascent people. Culturally, the Israelites were undergoing a profound transformation from an enslaved, settled population in Egypt to a nomadic, covenant people in the desert, being prepared for their future life in the Promised Land. Their movements were not arbitrary but were precisely dictated by the visible manifestation of God's presence: the pillar of cloud by day and the pillar of fire by night, which rested over the Tabernacle (e.g., [Numbers 9:15-23](/numbers/9-15-23 "Numbers 9:15-23 - The Cloud and Fire Guiding Israel")). This nomadic existence necessitated the repeated breaking down and setting up of the Tabernacle, the central place of worship and the symbol of God's dwelling in their midst, at each stop. The specific locations mentioned, such as Dophkah and Alush, though not extensively described in the broader narrative, represent real geographical points in the Sinai peninsula, likely chosen by divine command for strategic purposes, access to resources, or as stages in God's unfolding plan.
* **Key Themes:** Numbers 33:13, despite its brevity, contributes significantly to several overarching themes within the book of Numbers and the Pentateuch. Primarily, it powerfully illustrates **Divine Guidance and Providence**, demonstrating God's meticulous care in leading His people step by step through an otherwise inhospitable wilderness. Every "departure" and "encampment" was part of His sovereign plan, ensuring their progress towards the promised inheritance, as seen in passages like [Deuteronomy 1:33](/deuteronomy/1-33 "Deuteronomy 1:33 - God Leading the Way"). Secondly, it underscores the **Pilgrimage and Journey of Faith**, portraying life as a progressive movement towards a divine destination, often marked by stages of rest and movement, testing and provision. This mirrors the spiritual journey of believers who are called to live as "sojourners and exiles" in this world (e.g., [1 Peter 2:11](/1_peter/2-11 "1 Peter 2:11 - Sojourners and Exiles")). Finally, the very act of recording these seemingly mundane transitions highlights **God's Faithfulness in the Mundane**, reminding us that God's presence and purpose are not limited to dramatic miracles but extend to the everyday details of life, affirming His constant presence and unwavering commitment to His covenant people.

### EXPOSITION AND ANALYSIS

#### Key Word Analysis
* **Dophkah (Hebrew, _Dophqâh'_):** This is a specific geographical place name, appearing exclusively in this biblical itinerary. Its root (דפק, _daphaq_) carries the meaning "to knock" or "to beat," which has led to various speculations regarding its suitability as a place name—perhaps alluding to the sound of footsteps, the beating of the heart, or the action of pounding. However, in the context of Numbers 33, its primary significance lies not in its etymology but in its function as a precise, divinely designated stopping point on Israel's journey, emphasizing the historical and geographical accuracy of the itinerary.
* **Alush (Hebrew, _ʼÂlûwsh'_):** Similar to Dophkah, Alush is a unique geographical place name found only within this detailed itinerary. Its etymology is less certain, though some scholars suggest a connection to a root meaning "to knead" or "to mix," possibly indicating a place where food preparation occurred or where people gathered. Regardless of its precise linguistic origin, its inclusion in this meticulous list serves to underscore the factual nature of Israel's journey and God's detailed knowledge and control over every stage of their forty-year pilgrimage.
* **Departed (Hebrew, _nâçaʻ'_):** This verb is a fundamental term signifying the act of pulling up stakes, setting out, or embarking on a journey. In the context of the wilderness wanderings, it specifically denotes the breaking of camp, the dismantling of the Tabernacle, and the initiation of a new leg of the journey. This action implies movement, progress, and a direct response to divine command, as the Israelites would only "departed" when the cloud lifted from the Tabernacle (e.g., [Numbers 9:17](/numbers/9-17 "Numbers 9:17 - The Cloud Lifts")).
* **Encamped (Hebrew, _chânâh'_):** This verb means to pitch a tent, to settle, or to establish a temporary dwelling. It signifies a period of rest, a pause in the journey, and the temporary establishment of a community. Just as "departed" implies movement initiated by divine signal, "encamped" implies rest and cessation of movement by divine signal, as the cloud would settle over the Tabernacle, indicating where they were to stop (e.g., [Numbers 9:18](/numbers/9-18 "Numbers 9:18 - The Cloud Settles")).

#### Verse Breakdown
* **"And they departed from Dophkah":** This initial clause marks the conclusion of one stage of Israel's journey and the commencement of the next. The verb "departed" (נָסַע, _nâçaʻ_) vividly describes the physical act of breaking camp, dismantling their temporary dwellings, and setting out. Dophkah, though its precise geographical location is a subject of scholarly debate, represents a specific, divinely appointed stopping point that the Israelites were now leaving behind. This act of departure signifies progress, obedience to the Lord's leading, and a tangible step closer to their ultimate destination.
* **"and encamped in Alush":** This second clause signifies the arrival at a new, divinely designated temporary dwelling place. The verb "encamped" (חָנָה, _chânâh_) describes the pitching of tents and the establishment of a new, albeit temporary, settlement. Alush, like Dophkah, serves as a specific geographical marker, emphasizing the concrete, historical reality of their journey. The transition from Dophkah to Alush illustrates the rhythmic pattern of their wilderness life—periods of movement followed by periods of rest, all meticulously guided by God's sovereign direction and provision. This continuous cycle of "departing" and "encamping" underscores God's moment-by-moment, unwavering guidance.

#### Literary Devices
The primary literary device at play in Numbers 33:13, and indeed throughout the entire chapter, is **Itinerary**. This device is characterized by a detailed, chronological listing of places visited or stages completed. In this context, it serves to establish the historical veracity and meticulous nature of God's guidance over His people. The repetitive structure of "departed from X, and encamped in Y" creates a rhythmic, almost litany-like effect, reinforcing the idea of a divinely ordered progression. While seemingly mundane, this **Repetition** underscores the constancy of God's presence and the unwavering direction He provided. The chapter as a whole also functions as a form of **Historical Record**, providing an undeniable account of Israel's journey, which serves as a powerful testament to God's faithfulness and power across forty years. The precise naming of obscure places like Dophkah and Alush lends an air of authenticity and specificity, transforming what could be a mere list into a profound declaration of divine providence.

### THEOLOGICAL AND THEMATIC CONNECTIONS
Numbers 33:13, though a single line in a long list, powerfully illustrates the overarching biblical theme of God's meticulous guidance and faithfulness in the lives of His people. It reminds us that the spiritual journey is not a haphazard wandering but a divinely orchestrated pilgrimage, where every stage, every "departure" and "encampment," is purposed by God. This verse, like the entire itinerary, serves as a tangible testament to God's unwavering commitment to His covenant promises, leading His people through all circumstances towards their promised inheritance. It underscores the importance of trusting God's plan even in the seemingly uneventful or difficult transitions of life, knowing that He is sovereign over every step and intimately involved in the details of our lives.

* [Psalm 37:23](/psalm/37-23 "Psalm 37:23 - The Lord Directs Our Steps")
* [Proverbs 3:5-6](/proverbs/3-5-6 "Proverbs 3:5-6 - Trust in the Lord with All Your Heart")
* [Isaiah 48:17](/isaiah/48-17 "Isaiah 48:17 - God Teaches and Leads")

### REFLECTION AND APPLICATION
Numbers 33:13 invites us to reflect on the nature of our own spiritual journey. Just as Israel experienced stages of movement and rest, so too do believers today navigate various seasons of life—periods of active service, times of waiting, moments of challenge, and seasons of peace. This verse encourages us to recognize God's sovereign hand in every transition, even those that seem mundane or insignificant. It reminds us that true progress in faith is not always marked by dramatic events but often by faithful obedience in the small, daily steps of "departing" from one stage and "encamping" in another, all under divine guidance. We are called to trust that God is meticulously leading us, refining us, and bringing us closer to His ultimate purposes, preparing us for our eternal inheritance. This perspective fosters perseverance and gratitude, knowing that every step is part of His perfect plan and contributes to our sanctification and His glory.

#### Questions for Reflection
* **In what areas of your life do you feel you are currently "departing" from one stage and "encamping" in another?**
* **How does recognizing God's meticulous guidance in seemingly small details (like Dophkah and Alush) encourage you in your own journey of faith?**
* **What might it look like to trust God more fully with the "mundane" or transitional periods of your life, believing He is at work even then?**

### FAQ

**Why does the Bible include such a detailed list of places like Dophkah and Alush?**

Answer: The inclusion of such a detailed itinerary in Numbers 33, featuring places like Dophkah and Alush, serves several crucial purposes. Firstly, it establishes the historical veracity and authenticity of the Exodus narrative. These were real places, and the journey was a concrete historical event, not a myth or allegory. Secondly, it underscores the meticulous nature of God's guidance and providence. Every single step of Israel's forty-year journey was under His sovereign control, demonstrating His faithfulness to lead His people. This precision reinforces the idea that God is intimately involved in the details of His people's lives. Thirdly, it acts as a comprehensive record for future generations, reminding them of God's power and faithfulness in bringing their ancestors out of Egypt and through the wilderness, preparing them for the Promised Land (cf. [Deuteronomy 8:2](/deuteronomy/8-2 "Deuteronomy 8:2 - Remember the Wilderness Journey")). It's a powerful testament to God's unwavering commitment to His covenant.

**What is the spiritual significance of "departing" and "encamping" in the context of the wilderness journey?**

Answer: Spiritually, the acts of "departing" and "encamping" symbolize the dynamic nature of the spiritual walk, which is often characterized by cycles of movement and rest, action and waiting, challenge and provision. "Departing" signifies obedience to God's call to move forward, to leave behind the familiar, and to trust Him for the next step. It often involves an act of faith, breaking away from a comfortable or known position. "Encamping," on the other hand, represents a period of rest, consolidation, and receiving God's provision. It's a time for reflection, worship, and preparation for the next stage. Both are essential components of a journey guided by God. The Israelites did not move or stop arbitrarily; they did so according to the leading of the pillar of cloud and fire (e.g., [Numbers 9:17-23](/numbers/9-17-23 "Numbers 9:17-23 - The Cloud and Fire Guiding Israel")), teaching them dependence and obedience in every phase of their pilgrimage.

**Are Dophkah and Alush significant for any other reason in the Bible?**

Answer: No, Dophkah and Alush are mentioned only once in the entire biblical canon, specifically in Numbers 33:13, as two of the many stopping points in the wilderness itinerary. Unlike some other locations in the wilderness journey (e.g., Rephidim, where water was provided from the rock, or Sinai, where the Law was given), Dophkah and Alush do not have specific narratives or significant events associated with them. Their significance lies solely in their inclusion within this detailed list, serving as factual markers that contribute to the overall historical and theological purpose of Numbers 33: to document God's meticulous guidance and the reality of Israel's journey. Their very obscurity emphasizes that God's providence extends even to the seemingly unremarkable details of His people's lives and journeys.

### CHRIST-CENTERED FULFILLMENT
The meticulous itinerary of Numbers 33, including the seemingly unremarkable transition from Dophkah to Alush, finds its profound Christ-centered fulfillment in the person and work of Jesus Christ and His ongoing leadership of His church. Just as God faithfully guided Israel through the wilderness to a promised land, so Christ, our ultimate Shepherd and Guide, leads His people through the wilderness of this world to the heavenly inheritance. The journey of Israel powerfully foreshadows the Christian life as a pilgrimage, where believers are "strangers and exiles on the earth" (e.g., [Hebrews 11:13](/hebrews/11-13 "Hebrews 11:13 - Strangers and Exiles")). Jesus Himself declared, "I am the way, and the truth, and the life" (e.g., [John 14:6](/john/14-6 "John 14:6 - Jesus, the Way, Truth, and Life")), embodying the divine guidance that Israel experienced in the cloud and fire. He is the one who leads His flock, providing rest and sustenance, just as He fed the multitudes in the wilderness (e.g., [Matthew 14:13-21](/matthew/14-13-21 "Matthew 14:13-21 - Feeding the Five Thousand")). Furthermore, the ultimate "Promised Land" for believers is not an earthly territory but the eternal kingdom of God, secured through Christ's sacrifice and resurrection (e.g., [John 14:1-3](/john/14-1-3 "John 14:1-3 - Jesus Prepares a Place")). Every "departure" from sin and "encampment" in grace, every step of faith and every season of rest, is a testament to Christ's unwavering faithfulness in leading His church to its eternal home, ensuring that not one of His sheep will be lost (e.g., [John 10:27-29](/john/10-27-29 "John 10:27-29 - My Sheep Hear My Voice")).

Note: Commentary is generated by AI with a directive for Biblical fidelity. Always rely on the Holy Spirit for discernment. The Scripture text and cross-references are from verified, non-AI sources.