1 Chronicles 16:38

KJV

And Obededom with their brethren, threescore and eight; Obededom also the son of Jeduthun and Hosah [to be] porters:

KJV (with Strong's)

And Obededom {H5654} with their brethren {H251}, threescore {H8346} and eight {H8083}; Obededom {H5654} also the son {H1121} of Jeduthun {H3038} and Hosah {H2621} to be porters {H7778}:

Complete Jewish Bible

also 'Oved-Edom with their kinsmen, sixty-eight of them -'Oved-Edom the son of Y'dutun and Hosah were gatekeepers.

Berean Standard Bible

along with Obed-edom and his sixty-eight relatives. Obed-edom son of Jeduthun, and also Hosah, were to be gatekeepers.

American Standard Version

and Obed-edom with their brethren, threescore and eight; Obed-edom also the son of Jeduthun and Hosah to be doorkeepers;

Commentary

### SUMMARY
1 Chronicles 16:38 meticulously details King David's organized assignment of Levitical duties for the daily service of the tabernacle, specifically appointing Obed-Edom, along with sixty-eight of his brethren, and another Obed-Edom (son of Jeduthun) and Hosah, to serve as porters. This verse highlights the precise and comprehensive nature of David's establishment of worship in Jerusalem, underscoring the importance of every role, even those seemingly behind-the-scenes, in maintaining the sanctity and order of God's dwelling place.

### CONTEXT
* **Literary Context:** This verse is situated within a broader narrative in [1 Chronicles 16](/1_chronicles/16 "1 Chronicles 16 - David's Establishment of Worship"), which recounts the climactic event of the Ark of the Covenant being brought to Jerusalem and David's subsequent establishment of a structured system of worship. Following the grand celebration, sacrifices, and David's psalm of thanksgiving (verses 7-36), the chapter shifts to the practical organization of tabernacle service. [Verses 37-42](/1_chronicles/16-37 "1 Chronicles 16:37-42 - Appointment of Servants") delineate the specific individuals and groups appointed for various roles, including musicians, priests, and gatekeepers. Verse 38 specifically focuses on the porters, emphasizing the detailed and comprehensive nature of David's administrative and spiritual oversight, ensuring continuous and orderly worship. The mention of Obed-Edom here connects back to his earlier, blessed role in housing the Ark in [1 Chronicles 13:14](/1_chronicles/13-14 "1 Chronicles 13:14 - Obed-Edom's Household Blessed by the Ark").
* **Historical & Cultural Context:** The period of King David marks a significant transition in Israel's history, moving from a tribal confederacy to a centralized monarchy with Jerusalem as its spiritual and political capital. The organization of the Levites for temple service, though the permanent Temple was yet to be built, laid the groundwork for the elaborate worship system that would flourish under Solomon. In ancient Near Eastern cultures, "porters" or gatekeepers were not mere doorkeepers but held positions of considerable trust and responsibility. They controlled access to sacred spaces, maintained security, managed offerings, and ensured order. Their role was vital for preserving the sanctity of the tabernacle and protecting its contents and personnel. The meticulous enumeration of individuals and their specific duties reflects the high value placed on order and proper procedure in religious observance, a common feature in ancient temple cultures.
* **Key Themes:** A central theme in [1 Chronicles](/1_chronicles/1 "1 Chronicles - The History of Israel and Judah") is the **importance of proper worship and the organization of the Levitical service**. David's actions in this chapter, including the detailed appointments, underscore that worship is not chaotic but requires intentional structure and dedicated personnel. The verse also highlights the theme of **faithfulness in service**, exemplified by Obed-Edom, whose prior faithfulness in housing the Ark (as seen in [2 Samuel 6:11](/2_samuel/6-11 "2 Samuel 6:11 - Obed-Edom's House Blessed")) likely contributed to his continued and prominent role. Furthermore, it subtly conveys the idea that **all roles in God's service are valuable**, regardless of their visibility. Whether leading worship or guarding the gates, each function contributes to the overall sanctity and effectiveness of divine service, reflecting God's desire for order and excellence in all things pertaining to Him.

### EXPOSITION AND ANALYSIS
#### Key Word Analysis
* **Obededom (Hebrew, _‘Ōvēḏ ‘Ĕḏōm'_):** This name, meaning "servant of Edom" or potentially "servant of the Lord," refers to two distinct individuals in this verse, though both are Levites. The first "Obededom" is likely the Gittite (from Gath), who famously hosted the Ark of the Covenant for three months, during which time his household was greatly blessed ([2 Samuel 6:11-12](/2_samuel/6-11 "2 Samuel 6:11-12 - Obed-Edom's Blessing")). His inclusion here, along with a large contingent of 68 brethren, signifies his continued prominence and the recognition of God's favor upon him. The second "Obededom also the son of Jeduthun" indicates another Levite from the family of Jeduthun, one of David's chief musicians, highlighting the extensive and diverse involvement of Levitical families in the tabernacle service.
* **Porters (Hebrew, _šō‘ărim'_):** Derived from the root _ša‘ar_ (gate), this term refers to gatekeepers or guardians. In the context of the tabernacle and later the Temple, porters were far more than mere doorkeepers. They held a crucial and trusted position, responsible for security, controlling access to sacred areas, maintaining order, and sometimes even managing the treasury or offerings at the gates. Their role ensured the sanctity of the worship space and protected both personnel and property. Their appointment reflects the meticulous organization required for the proper functioning of divine service.

#### Verse Breakdown
* **"And Obededom with their brethren, threescore and eight;":** This clause identifies the first group of porters. "Obededom" here refers to the Gittite, whose household was blessed by the presence of the Ark. The phrase "with their brethren, threescore and eight" (68) indicates a substantial number of individuals under his leadership or associated with his family line, all appointed to the significant role of porters. This highlights the communal and organized nature of the service.
* **"Obededom also the son of Jeduthun and Hosah":** This clause introduces additional key individuals appointed as porters. The repetition of "Obededom" clarifies that this is a *different* individual, specifically identified as "the son of Jeduthun," one of the chief musicians and Levitical leaders appointed by David ([1 Chronicles 16:41-42](/1_chronicles/16-41 "1 Chronicles 16:41-42 - Jeduthun's Role")). "Hosah" is another prominent Levite mentioned elsewhere as a gatekeeper ([1 Chronicles 26:10-11](/1_chronicles/26-10 "1 Chronicles 26:10-11 - Hosah's Descendants")). This meticulous naming underscores the specific and intentional assignment of duties to various Levitical families, ensuring comprehensive coverage for the tabernacle's needs.
* **"[to be] porters:":** This final phrase explicitly states the specific role assigned to these individuals and their brethren. It emphasizes that their function was to serve as gatekeepers, a vital role in maintaining the security, order, and sanctity of the tabernacle. The inclusion of this specific duty underscores David's commitment to a well-ordered and reverent system of worship.

#### Literary Devices
The verse employs several literary devices to convey its message of meticulous organization and the importance of every role. **Enumeration** is evident in the precise number "threescore and eight" (68), which highlights the detailed and comprehensive nature of David's appointments, ensuring no aspect of tabernacle service was left unaddressed. The **Repetition** of the name "Obededom" (distinguished by the addition "son of Jeduthun") serves to differentiate between two individuals bearing the same name, preventing confusion and emphasizing the widespread involvement of various Levitical families. This also creates a sense of **Emphasis** on the importance of these individuals and their specific roles within the larger structure of worship. Furthermore, the verse contributes to the overall **Thematic Development** of order and faithfulness in service, which is a recurring motif throughout the book of Chronicles, portraying David as a king deeply committed to establishing proper worship.

### THEOLOGICAL AND THEMATIC CONNECTIONS
1 Chronicles 16:38, while seemingly a mere administrative detail, carries profound theological weight. It underscores God's desire for order, intentionality, and faithfulness in worship and service. Every role, from the most visible priest to the gatekeeper, is deemed essential and valuable in God's eyes. The meticulous organization of the Levites reflects the divine order that God established for His people to approach Him. The continued appointment of Obed-Edom, who was previously blessed for his care of the Ark, serves as a powerful testament to God's recognition and reward for faithfulness, even in seemingly mundane tasks. This principle extends to all believers, reminding us that our service, no matter how small or hidden, contributes to the larger work of God's kingdom and is seen and valued by Him.

* [Romans 12:4-8](/romans/12-4 "Romans 12:4-8 - Many Members, One Body")
* [1 Corinthians 12:12-27](/1_corinthians/12-12 "1 Corinthians 12:12-27 - The Body of Christ")
* [Psalm 84:10](/psalms/84-10 "Psalm 84:10 - Better is One Day in Your Courts")

### REFLECTION AND APPLICATION
This verse offers a powerful reminder that in God's economy, there are no insignificant roles. Just as the porters were crucial for the security and sanctity of the tabernacle, every member of the body of Christ has a vital part to play in the functioning of the church and the advancement of God's kingdom. Whether our service is visible and public or hidden and behind-the-scenes, it is equally valued by God when performed with faithfulness and a heart of devotion. The example of Obed-Edom, whose prior faithfulness led to blessing and continued appointment, encourages us to serve diligently in whatever capacity God has placed us, trusting that our obedience brings about His favor and contributes to His grand design. Our commitment to excellence in our assigned duties, no matter how humble, truly honors God and builds up His people.

#### Questions for Reflection
* **How do I view "behind-the-scenes" roles within my church or community? Do I recognize their vital importance?**
* **In what ways am I currently serving, and how can I cultivate a greater sense of faithfulness and diligence in those responsibilities?**
* **What can I learn from Obed-Edom's example about the connection between faithfulness and God's blessing?**
* **How does understanding the value of every role in God's service impact my perspective on my own contributions?**

### FAQ
**Who was Obed-Edom, and why is he mentioned twice in this verse?**

Answer: Obed-Edom was a Levite (or a Gittite who became a Levite by adoption/association) who famously housed the Ark of the Covenant for three months when David initially attempted to bring it to Jerusalem, resulting in great blessing upon his household ([2 Samuel 6:11-12](/2_samuel/6-11 "2 Samuel 6:11-12 - Obed-Edom's Household Blessed")). In 1 Chronicles 16:38, the first mention of "Obededom with their brethren, threescore and eight" refers to this same blessed individual and a large group associated with him, appointed as porters. The second mention, "Obededom also the son of Jeduthun," refers to a *different* individual bearing the same name, who was a descendant of Jeduthun, one of David's chief musicians ([1 Chronicles 25:1](/1_chronicles/25-1 "1 Chronicles 25:1 - Jeduthun's Role")). The dual mention highlights the widespread and meticulous organization of the Levitical service, involving various families and individuals, and underscores the continued recognition of the Obed-Edom who was so blessed by God.

**What was the significance of "porters" in the tabernacle service? Were they just doorkeepers?**

Answer: The "porters" (Hebrew: _šō‘ărim_) were far more than simple doorkeepers. They held a crucial and highly trusted position within the tabernacle and later the Temple. Their responsibilities included maintaining security, controlling access to the sacred areas to ensure only authorized personnel entered, preserving the sanctity of the worship space, and ensuring orderly conduct. They might also have been involved in managing offerings or guarding the treasury at the gates. Their role was vital for the proper functioning of the worship system and the protection of the holy space, reflecting the importance of order and reverence in approaching God. This position required integrity, strength, and faithfulness, as they were the first line of defense and order for the house of God.

### CHRIST-CENTERED FULFILLMENT
The meticulous organization of the tabernacle service, including the appointment of porters like Obed-Edom, foreshadows the perfect order and access established through Jesus Christ. In the Old Testament, porters guarded the physical gates to a sacred space, but in Christ, we have access to the very presence of God. Jesus declares, "I am the gate; whoever enters through me will be saved" ([John 10:9](/john/10-9 "John 10:9 - Jesus, the Gate")). He is the ultimate "porter" who opens the way to the Father, having torn the veil of separation through His sacrifice ([Matthew 27:51](/matthew/27-51 "Matthew 27:51 - The Veil Torn")). Furthermore, the New Testament teaches that believers are now living stones, built into a spiritual house, a "holy priesthood" ([1 Peter 2:5](/1_peter/2-5 "1 Peter 2:5 - A Spiritual House")), where every member has a vital role in serving God. Just as Obed-Edom's faithfulness was blessed and recognized, our service in the New Covenant is a response to Christ's finished work, empowering us to serve in the spiritual temple, the Church, where Christ is the head and cornerstone ([Ephesians 2:19-22](/ephesians/2-19 "Ephesians 2:19-22 - Built on the Apostles and Prophets")). All our service, whether visible or hidden, finds its ultimate purpose and value in Him, contributing to the building of His eternal Kingdom.

Note: Commentary is generated by AI with a directive for Biblical fidelity. Always rely on the Holy Spirit for discernment. The Scripture text and cross-references are from verified, non-AI sources.

Cross-References

1 Chronicles 26:10

Also Hosah, of the children of Merari, had sons; Simri the chief, (for [though] he was not the firstborn, yet his father made him the chief;)

1 Chronicles 13:14

And the ark of God remained with the family of Obededom in his house three months. And the LORD blessed the house of Obededom, and all that he had.

1 Chronicles 26:4

Moreover the sons of Obededom [were], Shemaiah the firstborn, Jehozabad the second, Joah the third, and Sacar the fourth, and Nethaneel the fifth,

1 Chronicles 26:8

All these of the sons of Obededom: they and their sons and their brethren, able men for strength for the service, [were] threescore and two of Obededom.

1 Chronicles 25:3

Of Jeduthun: the sons of Jeduthun; Gedaliah, and Zeri, and Jeshaiah, Hashabiah, and Mattithiah, six, under the hands of their father Jeduthun, who prophesied with a harp, to give thanks and to praise the LORD.