Ruth 2:1

KJV

¶ And Naomi had a kinsman of her husband's, a mighty man of wealth, of the family of Elimelech; and his name [was] Boaz.

KJV (with Strong's)

And Naomi {H5281} had a kinsman {H4129}{H3045} of her husband's {H376}, a mighty {H1368} man {H376} of wealth {H2428}, of the family {H4940} of Elimelech {H458}; and his name {H8034} was Boaz {H1162}.

Complete Jewish Bible

Na'omi had a relative on her husband's side, a prominent and wealthy member of Elimelekh's clan, whose name was Bo'az.

Berean Standard Bible

Now Naomi had a relative on her husband’s side, a prominent man of noble character from the clan of Elimelech, whose name was Boaz.

American Standard Version

And Naomi had a kinsman of her husband’s, a mighty man of wealth, of the family of Elimelech, and his name was Boaz.

Commentary

### SUMMARY
Ruth 2:1 serves as a pivotal introduction to Boaz, a prominent and capable kinsman of Naomi's deceased husband, Elimelech. Following the desolate return of Naomi and Ruth to Bethlehem, this verse immediately shifts the narrative's tone by revealing the existence of a significant family connection, hinting at God's providential care and setting the stage for the unfolding story of redemption and restoration through Boaz's future actions.

### CONTEXT
* **Literary Context:** Ruth 2:1 immediately follows the sorrowful arrival of Naomi and Ruth in Bethlehem at the beginning of the barley harvest, as detailed in [Ruth 1:22](/ruth/1-22 "Ruth 1:22 - Naomi and Ruth Arrive in Bethlehem"). The preceding chapter concludes with Naomi's bitter declaration that the Almighty had dealt very bitterly with her, emphasizing their destitution and despair. The introduction of Boaz in this verse provides an abrupt, yet divinely orchestrated, glimmer of hope. It marks a crucial turning point, moving from the narrative of loss and emptiness to one of potential provision and eventual restoration, setting the stage for Ruth's encounter with Boaz in the fields and the subsequent development of their relationship.
* **Historical & Cultural Context:** Ancient Israelite society was deeply structured around family lineage, land ownership, and the concept of the kinsman-redeemer (*go'el*). Land was considered a perpetual inheritance from God, not to be permanently sold outside the family (cf. [Leviticus 25:23-28](/leviticus/25-23 "Leviticus 25:23-28 - Laws Concerning Land Redemption")). If a family faced destitution or loss of land, a close male relative had the right and responsibility to redeem the land, buy back family members sold into slavery, or raise up an heir for a deceased relative through levirate marriage (cf. [Deuteronomy 25:5-10](/deuteronomy/25-5 "Deuteronomy 25:5-10 - Levirate Marriage Law")). The mention of Boaz as "a kinsman of her husband's, of the family of Elimelech" immediately signals his potential role as a *go'el*, a concept central to the book's resolution. The setting at the "beginning of barley harvest" is also significant, as it was a time of labor but also of potential provision for the poor through gleaning, a practice mandated by Mosaic Law (cf. [Leviticus 19:9-10](/leviticus/19-9 "Leviticus 19:9-10 - Laws for Gleaning")).
* **Key Themes:** This verse introduces several key themes that permeate the Book of Ruth. Firstly, **Divine Providence** is subtly highlighted; the seemingly coincidental existence and introduction of Boaz, a man of standing, immediately after Naomi and Ruth's desperate return, underscores God's unseen hand orchestrating events for their good. Secondly, the verse emphasizes the **Significance of Family and Lineage**, particularly in the context of the *go'el* tradition, which is foundational to the narrative's resolution and the broader biblical story of redemption. Thirdly, it introduces the theme of **Hope Amidst Despair**, as the presence of such a kinsman provides a tangible source of potential relief for Naomi and Ruth, who had returned to Bethlehem "empty" (as Naomi herself states in [Ruth 1:21](/ruth/1-21 "Ruth 1:21 - Naomi's Bitter Return")). Finally, Boaz's character as a "mighty man of wealth" foreshadows the theme of **Generosity and Righteousness**, qualities that will define his interactions with Ruth and Naomi throughout the story, ultimately leading to their restoration and the continuation of Elimelech's lineage, which culminates in the birth of King David and ultimately Jesus Christ (cf. [Matthew 1:5](/matthew/1-5 "Matthew 1:5 - Boaz in Jesus' Genealogy")).

### EXPOSITION AND ANALYSIS

#### Key Word Analysis
* **Kinsman (Hebrew, _moda'_):** The Hebrew word מוֹדַע (*moda'*) refers to a "known acquaintance" or "relative." While not as specific as *go'el* (kinsman-redeemer), its use here establishes a familial connection that is recognized and significant. It implies a degree of familiarity and relationship, setting the stage for Boaz's potential role within the family structure, particularly concerning the laws of inheritance and redemption. The fact that he is "of her husband's" family further solidifies this legal and social connection.
* **Mighty man of wealth (Hebrew, _gibbor chayil'_):** This powerful phrase, גִּבּוֹר חַיִל (*gibbor chayil*), is often translated simply as "man of wealth," but its meaning is far richer. *Gibbor* (גִּבּוֹר) means "mighty," "strong," or "valiant," often used for warriors or men of great strength and courage. *Chayil* (חַיִל) is a multifaceted word encompassing strength, ability, valor, virtue, and substance. When combined, *gibbor chayil* describes a man who is not only materially prosperous but also possesses great character, influence, integrity, and capability. He is a man of standing, respected in his community, and capable of decisive action. This description immediately elevates Boaz beyond a mere rich man, presenting him as a virtuous and powerful figure.
* **Boaz (Hebrew, _Bo'az'_):** The name בֹּעַז (*Bo'az*) is thought to mean "in him is strength" or "quickness." Its etymology is related to a root meaning "to be strong" or "to be swift." This meaning aligns perfectly with the description of him as a *gibbor chayil*, emphasizing his inherent strength, capability, and perhaps the swiftness with which he will act to redeem Naomi and Ruth. His name itself foreshadows his role as a pillar of strength and redemption for the family.

#### Verse Breakdown
* **"And Naomi had a kinsman of her husband's":** This opening clause immediately introduces a new character crucial to the narrative. The existence of a "kinsman" (moda') of Elimelech, Naomi's deceased husband, is a vital piece of information. It establishes a familial link that, within Israelite society, carried specific rights and responsibilities, particularly concerning the family line and property. This is the first hint of a potential solution to Naomi and Ruth's desperate situation.
* **"a mighty man of wealth":** This phrase describes the character and standing of this kinsman. As discussed in the Key Word Analysis, "mighty man of wealth" (gibbor chayil) signifies not just material riches but also strength, valor, integrity, and influence. This description immediately establishes Boaz as a man of significant stature and capability, someone who is not only able but also worthy to undertake the task of redemption.
* **"of the family of Elimelech":** This reiterates and reinforces the direct familial connection to Naomi's deceased husband. This specific lineage is critical because it identifies Boaz as a potential kinsman-redeemer (*go'el*), the one who, according to Mosaic Law, would have the right and responsibility to restore the family's land and lineage. This detail is essential for understanding the legal and social framework within which the rest of the story unfolds.
* **"and his name [was] Boaz":** The verse culminates with the formal introduction of the character by name. The name "Boaz" itself, potentially meaning "in him is strength," reinforces the earlier description of him as a "mighty man." This formal naming signals his importance and prepares the reader for his central role in the unfolding narrative of God's providence and redemption.

#### Literary Devices
Ruth 2:1 masterfully employs several literary devices to set the stage for the narrative. The most prominent is **Foreshadowing**. The detailed description of Boaz as "a mighty man of wealth" and "of the family of Elimelech" heavily foreshadows his crucial role as the kinsman-redeemer (*go'el*) and the source of provision and restoration for Naomi and Ruth. This seemingly simple introduction carries immense narrative weight, hinting at the resolution to the despair presented in chapter 1. There is also an element of **Contrast** or **Juxtaposition**; the verse immediately follows the bleakness of Naomi's return, where she declares herself "empty," and instantly introduces a figure of strength, wealth, and connection, thereby contrasting their present destitution with a glimmer of future hope. Furthermore, the verse functions as a direct **Character Introduction**, but it is more than just a naming; it is an immediate characterization that establishes Boaz's significance and virtue before he even appears in the narrative proper, building anticipation for his actions.

### THEOLOGICAL AND THEMATIC CONNECTIONS
Ruth 2:1 is a profound testament to God's sovereign providence, even when His hand is not explicitly mentioned. In a narrative that begins with famine, death, and despair, the seemingly mundane introduction of a wealthy kinsman is, in fact, the first visible thread of God's redemptive plan being woven into the lives of Naomi and Ruth. It highlights that God often works through ordinary human connections and established societal structures (like the kinsman-redeemer law) to bring about His extraordinary purposes. The existence of Boaz, a man of character and means, at precisely the right moment, underscores the theological truth that God cares for the vulnerable and orchestrates circumstances to provide for His people, transforming emptiness into fullness.

* [Deuteronomy 25:5-10](/deuteronomy/25-5 "Deuteronomy 25:5-10 - Levirate Marriage Law")
* [Proverbs 31:10](/proverbs/31-10 "Proverbs 31:10 - The Virtuous Woman")
* [Psalm 146:7-9](/psalm/146-7 "Psalm 146:7-9 - God's Care for the Needy")

### REFLECTION AND APPLICATION
Ruth 2:1 offers a powerful message of hope and divine orchestration for believers today. In moments of profound loss, uncertainty, or despair, when our circumstances seem bleak and our resources depleted, this verse reminds us that God is often working behind the scenes, preparing a way forward through unexpected connections and seemingly ordinary individuals. Just as Naomi and Ruth returned to Bethlehem "empty," yet God had already positioned Boaz, a "mighty man of wealth," within their family line, so too does God providentially arrange people and circumstances in our lives. This encourages us to cultivate a posture of trust, even when we cannot see the full picture of God's provision or the next step. It challenges us to recognize that God's faithfulness is not dependent on our immediate understanding but on His unchanging character, and He often uses His people—those of good character and means—to be agents of His grace and provision in the world.

#### Questions for Reflection
* **How does the introduction of Boaz in this verse challenge any feelings of hopelessness or despair you might be experiencing in your own life circumstances?**
* **In what ways might God be working through "ordinary" people or seemingly "coincidental" connections in your life to bring about His purposes?**
* **How does Boaz's description as a "mighty man of wealth" (gibbor chayil) inspire you to consider what true "wealth" or "strength" means in a spiritual sense?**
* **What does this verse teach us about trusting God's timing and His hidden hand, even when His presence is not explicitly stated?**

### FAQ

**What is the significance of Boaz being a "kinsman of her husband's"?**

Answer: The phrase "kinsman of her husband's" is highly significant because it immediately identifies Boaz as a potential *go'el*, or kinsman-redeemer. In ancient Israel, this was a specific legal and social role. A *go'el* had the right and responsibility to redeem family land that had been sold due to poverty, to buy back family members who had been sold into slavery, and crucially, to marry a deceased kinsman's widow (levirate marriage, as outlined in [Deuteronomy 25:5-10](/deuteronomy/25-5 "Deuteronomy 25:5-10 - Levirate Marriage Law")) to raise up an heir for the deceased, thus preserving the family name and inheritance. This connection sets the entire legal and social framework for the unfolding narrative of Ruth's redemption and the continuation of Elimelech's lineage.

**What does "mighty man of wealth" truly mean in this context?**

Answer: The Hebrew phrase translated "mighty man of wealth" is *gibbor chayil* (גִּבּוֹר חַיִל). While it certainly implies material prosperity, *chayil* is a much broader term. It encompasses strength, valor, ability, virtue, and character. Therefore, Boaz is presented not merely as a rich man, but as a man of considerable standing, integrity, and influence in his community. He is a person of substance, capable of decisive and righteous action. This description is vital because it assures the reader that Boaz possesses not only the financial means but also the moral character and social standing necessary to fulfill the demanding role of a kinsman-redeemer for Naomi and Ruth. This concept of *chayil* is also used to describe the "virtuous woman" in [Proverbs 31:10](/proverbs/31-10 "Proverbs 31:10 - The Virtuous Woman").

**How does this verse introduce hope after the despair of chapter 1?**

Answer: Ruth 2:1 introduces hope through the principle of divine providence. Chapter 1 concludes with Naomi's bitter lament, declaring that the Lord had dealt "very bitterly" with her and that she had returned "empty" (as seen in [Ruth 1:21](/ruth/1-21 "Ruth 1:21 - Naomi's Bitter Return")). The sudden and specific mention of Boaz, a wealthy and influential kinsman, immediately after this despair, serves as a narrative turning point. It's the first tangible sign that God has not abandoned them. Though God's name is not explicitly mentioned as the orchestrator in this verse, the reader understands that His unseen hand is at work, preparing a way for their provision and restoration through this specific individual. Boaz's existence and character provide the initial glimmer of light in what was previously a story steeped in darkness and loss.

### CHRIST-CENTERED FULFILLMENT
The introduction of Boaz as a "kinsman of her husband's, a mighty man of wealth," is a profound foreshadowing of Jesus Christ, our ultimate Kinsman-Redeemer. Boaz, a man of strength, virtue, and means, willingly steps into the legal and social role of *go'el* to redeem Naomi and Ruth, restoring their lineage and inheritance. In a far greater sense, Jesus Christ became our Kinsman by taking on human flesh, identifying with us in our brokenness and poverty (as described in [Hebrews 2:14-15](/hebrews/2-14 "Hebrews 2:14-15 - Christ Shares Our Humanity to Redeem Us")). He is the true "mighty man of wealth," not in earthly riches, but in divine power, perfect righteousness, and infinite grace. Through His sacrificial death and resurrection, Christ paid the ultimate price to redeem us from the slavery of sin and death, restoring our lost inheritance in God's kingdom (as celebrated in [Ephesians 1:7](/ephesians/1-7 "Ephesians 1:7 - Redemption Through Christ's Blood") and [Galatians 4:4-5](/galatians/4-4 "Galatians 4:4-5 - Christ Our Redeemer")). Just as Boaz's actions secured a future for Naomi's family, leading to the lineage of King David and ultimately Christ himself (as genealogies like [Matthew 1:5](/matthew/1-5 "Matthew 1:5 - Boaz in Jesus' Genealogy") affirm), so Christ's redemptive work secures our eternal future, bringing us into God's family and granting us an imperishable inheritance. Boaz's character and role in Ruth 2:1 thus serve as a beautiful, albeit incomplete, portrait of the gracious and powerful redemption found fully in Jesus Christ.

Note: Commentary is generated by AI with a directive for Biblical fidelity. Always rely on the Holy Spirit for discernment. The Scripture text and cross-references are from verified, non-AI sources.

Cross-References

Ruth 4:21

And Salmon begat Boaz, and Boaz begat Obed,

Ruth 3:12

And now it is true that I [am thy] near kinsman: howbeit there is a kinsman nearer than I.

Ruth 3:2

And now [is] not Boaz of our kindred, with whose maidens thou wast? Behold, he winnoweth barley to night in the threshingfloor.

Matthew 1:5

And Salmon begat Booz of Rachab; and Booz begat Obed of Ruth; and Obed begat Jesse;

Ruth 1:2

And the name of the man [was] Elimelech, and the name of his wife Naomi, and the name of his two sons Mahlon and Chilion, Ephrathites of Bethlehemjudah. And they came into the country of Moab, and continued there.

1 Chronicles 2:10

And Ram begat Amminadab; and Amminadab begat Nahshon, prince of the children of Judah;

1 Chronicles 2:12

And Boaz begat Obed, and Obed begat Jesse,