Proverbs 25:23

KJV

¶ The north wind driveth away rain: so [doth] an angry countenance a backbiting tongue.

KJV (with Strong's)

The north {H6828} wind {H7307} driveth away {H2342} rain {H1653}: so doth an angry {H2194} countenance {H6440} a backbiting {H5643} tongue {H3956}.

Complete Jewish Bible

The north wind brings rain and a backbiting tongue, angry looks.

Berean Standard Bible

As the north wind brings forth rain, so a backbiting tongue brings angry looks.

American Standard Version

The north wind bringeth forth rain; So doth a backbiting tongue an angry countenance.

Commentary

### SUMMARY
Proverbs 25:23 employs a vivid natural simile to illustrate a profound social truth: just as the north wind possesses the power to clear the skies and drive away rain, so too can a stern or disapproving countenance effectively silence a backbiting tongue. This proverb offers practical wisdom, suggesting that a clear, non-verbal expression of displeasure can be a powerful deterrent against malicious gossip and secret slander, fostering an environment where destructive speech is not tolerated.

### CONTEXT
* **Literary Context:** This verse is part of the "Proverbs of Solomon, which the men of Hezekiah king of Judah copied out" as noted in [Proverbs 25:1](/proverbs/25-1 "Proverbs 25:1 - Proverbs of Hezekiah's Men"). This collection, compiled centuries after Solomon, demonstrates a continued commitment to preserving and applying divine wisdom. Like many proverbs, [Proverbs 25:23](/proverbs/25-23 "Proverbs 25:23 - The North Wind and the Backbiting Tongue") is a two-part parallelism, drawing a comparison between a natural phenomenon and a human social dynamic. The book of Proverbs extensively addresses the theme of speech, its power, and its consequences, consistently warning against foolish talk and advocating for wise, life-giving words. This particular proverb fits seamlessly into this broader emphasis on the ethical use of the tongue, offering a specific strategy for confronting destructive communication.
* **Historical & Cultural Context:** In ancient Israel, the north wind (Hebrew: *tsaphon*) was generally associated with clear, dry weather. Unlike winds from other directions that might bring rain, the north wind was known for its ability to sweep away clouds and bring a crisp, often cold, clarity to the atmosphere. This meteorological observation provides the foundation for the proverb's analogy. Socially, backbiting and slander were significant threats to community cohesion and individual reputation in a society where honor and public perception were paramount. Oral culture meant that words carried immense weight and could spread rapidly, making the control of destructive speech a vital aspect of communal well-being. The proverb highlights a non-verbal, yet potent, form of social correction within this context.
* **Key Themes:** The primary theme is the **power of discerning response** to destructive speech. The proverb underscores that one does not need to engage in a verbal confrontation to address slander; a clear, non-verbal signal of disapproval can be remarkably effective. This ties into the broader Proverbial theme of the **power of the tongue**, which is consistently portrayed as capable of both life and death (e.g., [Proverbs 18:21](/proverbs/18-21 "Proverbs 18:21 - Death and Life in the Power of the Tongue")). Another key theme is **wisdom in social interaction**, teaching individuals how to navigate difficult interpersonal dynamics with discretion and effectiveness. It promotes an active, rather than passive, stance against the spread of harmful words, aligning with the wisdom found in passages like [Proverbs 17:9](/proverbs/17-9 "Proverbs 17:9 - Covering Transgression") which encourages covering offenses rather than spreading them.

### EXPOSITION AND ANALYSIS

#### Key Word Analysis
* **driveth away (Hebrew, _chûwl'_):** From the root H2342, meaning "to twist or whirl," "to drive away," or "to writhe in pain." In this context, it conveys a forceful, active expulsion or removal. Just as the wind physically pushes away the rain, the countenance actively repels the backbiting tongue, suggesting a decisive and impactful action.
* **angry (Hebrew, _zâʻam'_):** From the root H2194, meaning "to foam at the mouth," "to be enraged," or "to have indignation." While "angry" can imply uncontrolled rage, when paired with "countenance" (face), it refers to a visible expression of strong displeasure, indignation, or stern disapproval. It's not necessarily a loss of temper but a powerful, evident signal of moral opposition.
* **backbiting (Hebrew, _çêther'_):** From the root H5643, meaning "a cover," "hiding place," or "secret." When combined with "tongue," it specifically denotes secret slander, gossip, or malicious talk conducted behind someone's back. The emphasis is on the hidden, insidious nature of the destructive speech, making the proverb's advice about a visible, confronting countenance particularly poignant.

#### Verse Breakdown
* **"The north wind driveth away rain:"** This first clause establishes the natural phenomenon that serves as the basis for the simile. The north wind, known for its clearing effect in the Near East, is depicted as actively dispelling moisture-laden clouds, bringing clear weather. This is a statement of observable fact, a common understanding in the ancient world, setting up a predictable cause-and-effect relationship.
* **"so doth an angry countenance a backbiting tongue."** This second clause applies the natural analogy to human behavior. Just as the wind *drives away* the rain, a stern or displeased facial expression (*countenance*) *drives away* or silences a *backbiting tongue*. The "angry countenance" is not necessarily a sinful outburst but a firm, visible manifestation of disapproval that communicates the unacceptability of secret slander, effectively shutting down the gossip before it can take root or spread.

#### Literary Devices
The primary literary device at play in Proverbs 25:23 is **Simile**, explicitly indicated by the word "so doth," which draws a direct comparison between two seemingly disparate things: the meteorological effect of the north wind and the social impact of a disapproving facial expression. This simile functions as a **Metaphor** for social dynamics, using a natural phenomenon to explain a principle of human interaction. The north wind's action of clearing the atmosphere is metaphorically equated with the "angry countenance" clearing the social space of harmful speech. There is also an element of **Personification** in attributing an active, deterring capability to an "angry countenance," suggesting it has the agency to "drive away" the tongue, much like a person might drive away an unwanted presence. These devices combine to create a memorable and impactful teaching, making the abstract concept of social deterrence tangible and easily understood.

### THEOLOGICAL AND THEMATIC CONNECTIONS
Proverbs 25:23 underscores God's profound concern for the integrity of speech and the health of community relationships. It reflects a divine wisdom that values truth, discretion, and the protection of reputation over the indulgence of malicious talk. The proverb implicitly teaches that silence in the face of slander can be complicity, and that a righteous, discerning response is a form of active love for one's neighbor and a defense of truth. This wisdom is rooted in the character of God, who is truth and light, and who abhors deceit and destruction. The ability to discern and respond appropriately to a backbiting tongue is therefore not merely a social skill but a spiritual discipline, reflecting a commitment to living in a way that honors God and blesses others.

* [Proverbs 16:28](/proverbs/16-28 "Proverbs 16:28 - A Whisperer Separates Friends") – "A froward man soweth strife: and a whisperer separateth chief friends."
* [Psalm 15:3](/psalm/15-3 "Psalm 15:3 - Who Does Not Backbite") – "He that backbiteth not with his tongue, nor doeth evil to his neighbour, nor taketh up a reproach against his neighbour."
* [Romans 1:29](/romans/1-29 "Romans 1:29 - List of Depraved Behaviors") – "Being filled with all unrighteousness, fornication, wickedness, covetousness, maliciousness; full of envy, murder, debate, deceit, malignity; whisperers, backbiters, haters of God, despiteful, proud, boasters, inventors of evil things, disobedient to parents."

### REFLECTION AND APPLICATION
This proverb offers profound guidance for navigating the complexities of human communication, particularly in an age saturated with digital chatter and anonymous slander. It challenges us to be not merely passive recipients of information but active gatekeepers of our social and spiritual environments. The "angry countenance" is not an endorsement of uncontrolled rage, but rather a powerful, non-verbal expression of righteous indignation and firm disapproval. It teaches us the importance of cultivating a demeanor that clearly communicates our values without necessarily resorting to harsh words. By so doing, we can protect ourselves from the corrosive effects of gossip, defend the honor of others, and contribute to a culture of truth and respect. This requires spiritual discernment, courage, and a readiness to stand for what is right, even when it means making others uncomfortable. Our expressions, body language, and even our silence can be powerful tools in the hands of God to bring clarity and peace where there is confusion and strife.

#### Questions for Reflection
* **How often do I passively listen to or participate in gossip, rather than actively discouraging it?**
* **What non-verbal cues do I typically give in social situations, and how might they be used more intentionally to honor God?**
* **In what ways can I cultivate a "righteous countenance" that reflects God's disapproval of slander without resorting to sinful anger?**
* **How can I apply the principle of "driving away" destructive speech in my digital interactions and online communities?**

### FAQ
**Does "angry countenance" imply sinful anger or uncontrolled rage?**

Answer: No, the "angry countenance" (Hebrew: *panim za'af*) in Proverbs 25:23 does not necessarily imply sinful anger or an uncontrolled outburst of rage. Instead, it refers to a visible expression of stern disapproval, indignation, or displeasure. It's a firm, non-verbal signal that communicates the unacceptability of the backbiting talk. This kind of "anger" is closer to righteous indignation, a clear boundary-setting expression that serves to protect against destructive speech, much like Jesus's righteous anger when confronting sin in the temple (e.g., [John 2:13-17](/john/2-13 "John 2:13-17 - Jesus Cleanses the Temple")). The wisdom of the proverb lies in its promotion of a controlled, discerning response that effectively silences the slanderer without escalating into a destructive verbal conflict.

**What is the primary danger of a "backbiting tongue"?**

Answer: The primary danger of a "backbiting tongue" (Hebrew: *çêther lâshôwn*) lies in its insidious and destructive nature. "Backbiting" refers to secret slander, malicious gossip, or speaking ill of someone behind their back. Its danger is multifaceted: it erodes trust within relationships and communities, damages reputations, creates division and strife (as seen in [Proverbs 16:28](/proverbs/16-28 "Proverbs 16:28 - A Whisperer Separates Friends")), and can lead to deep hurt and injustice. Because it operates in secret, it is often difficult to confront directly, making the proverb's advice about a visible, immediate deterrent all the more valuable. The Bible consistently condemns such speech as contrary to God's character and destructive to human flourishing, listing it among serious sins (e.g., [Romans 1:29](/romans/1-29 "Romans 1:29 - List of Depraved Behaviors")).

### CHRIST-CENTERED FULFILLMENT
Proverbs 25:23 finds its ultimate fulfillment and deepest meaning in the person and work of Jesus Christ. He is the embodiment of perfect wisdom, demonstrating how to perfectly confront sin and falsehood without succumbing to sin himself. While the proverb speaks of a human "angry countenance," Christ's life reveals the perfect balance of truth and grace. He consistently exposed the backbiting and hypocrisy of the religious leaders, not with uncontrolled rage, but with a divine authority and a countenance of righteous indignation that often silenced His accusers (e.g., [Matthew 21:23-27](/matthew/21-23 "Matthew 21:23-27 - Jesus' Authority Questioned")). His words were always seasoned with grace, yet sharp enough to cut through deceit. Furthermore, through His atoning sacrifice, Christ provides the means for us to be transformed from within, enabling us by the power of the Holy Spirit to put away all slander and malicious talk, and instead to speak only what is helpful for building others up according to their needs (as taught in [Ephesians 4:29](/ephesians/4-29 "Ephesians 4:29 - Edifying Speech")). He calls His followers to be quick to listen and slow to speak, especially when it comes to destructive words (a principle echoed in [James 1:19](/james/1-19 "James 1:19 - Quick to Listen, Slow to Speak")). Ultimately, Christ's life and teaching empower believers to cultivate a demeanor and a speech pattern that reflect His truth and love, effectively driving away the darkness of a backbiting tongue and fostering environments of integrity and grace.

Note: Commentary is generated by AI with a directive for Biblical fidelity. Always rely on the Holy Spirit for discernment. The Scripture text and cross-references are from verified, non-AI sources.

Cross-References

2 Corinthians 12:20

For I fear, lest, when I come, I shall not find you such as I would, and [that] I shall be found unto you such as ye would not: lest [there be] debates, envyings, wraths, strifes, backbitings, whisperings, swellings, tumults:

Job 37:22

Fair weather cometh out of the north: with God [is] terrible majesty.

Romans 1:30

Backbiters, haters of God, despiteful, proud, boasters, inventors of evil things, disobedient to parents,

Proverbs 26:20

¶ Where no wood is, [there] the fire goeth out: so where [there is] no talebearer, the strife ceaseth.

Psalms 15:3

[He that] backbiteth not with his tongue, nor doeth evil to his neighbour, nor taketh up a reproach against his neighbour.

Psalms 101:5

Whoso privily slandereth his neighbour, him will I cut off: him that hath an high look and a proud heart will not I suffer.