The Concept of "Wisdom" (Hokmah)
In the vast tapestry of the King James Version Bible, few concepts are as profoundly emphasized and intricately woven throughout its narratives and teachings as "wisdom." The primary Hebrew term translated as "wisdom" is Hokmah (חָכְמָה), a word that encompasses far more than mere intellectual capacity or accumulated knowledge. It denotes an applied understanding, a skill in living, a practical discernment that enables one to navigate life's complexities in a manner pleasing to God. Hokmah is not simply knowing facts; it is knowing how to act righteously and effectively in every situation, rooted in a deep reverence for the Creator. This divine attribute, offered to humanity, stands in stark contrast to the fleeting, often destructive, wisdom of the world.
The Divine Origin and Essence of Wisdom
Unlike human ingenuity, which is often limited and fallible, true wisdom, Hokmah, originates solely from God. The Scriptures unequivocally declare God as the ultimate source and possessor of all wisdom. He is described as the one who "giveth wisdom unto the wise, and knowledge to them that know understanding" (Daniel 2:21). This divine wisdom is not an abstract concept but an active force, present with God from eternity. In the book of Proverbs, wisdom is personified, depicted as being present at creation:
The LORD possessed me in the beginning of his way, before his works of old. I was set up from everlasting, from the beginning, or ever the earth was. When there were no depths, I was brought forth; when there was no fountains abounding with water. Before the mountains were settled, before the hills was I brought forth: While as yet he had not made the earth, nor the fields, nor the highest part of the dust of the world. When he prepared the heavens, I was there: when he set a compass upon the face of the depth: When he established the clouds above: when he strengthened the fountains of the deep: When he gave to the sea his decree, that the waters should not pass his commandment: when he appointed the foundations of the earth: Then I was by him, as one brought up with him: and I was daily his delight, rejoicing always before him; Rejoicing in the habitable part of his earth; and my delights were with the sons of men.
This passage from Proverbs 8 highlights wisdom's eternal nature, its participation in creation, and its profound delight in humanity. It establishes that true wisdom is not something humanity invents but something God reveals and imparts. The foundational principle for acquiring this divine wisdom is repeatedly stated: "The fear of the LORD is the beginning of wisdom" (Psalms 111:10; Proverbs 9:10). This "fear" is not a cowering terror but a profound reverence, awe, and submission to God's authority and character. It is the recognition of His sovereignty and holiness, leading to obedience to His commands.
Characteristics and Manifestations of Biblical Wisdom
Biblical Hokmah is characterized by several key attributes, demonstrating its practical, moral, and spiritual dimensions:
- Righteousness and Justice: Wisdom guides one towards upright living, promoting justice, equity, and righteousness in all dealings (Proverbs 2:9). It detests wickedness and seeks what is morally good.
- Prudence and Discretion: A wise person exercises good judgment, foresight, and careful consideration in decision-making. They are not impulsive but thoughtful, understanding the consequences of their actions (Proverbs 1:4).
- Humility and Teachability: True wisdom recognizes its own limitations and is open to instruction. "Hear counsel, and receive instruction, that thou mayest be wise in thy latter end" (Proverbs 19:20). The proud and arrogant, by contrast, are inherently foolish.
- Patience and Longsuffering: Wisdom encourages a calm and measured response to adversity, rather than rash anger. "He that is slow to wrath is of great understanding: but he that is hasty of spirit exalteth folly" (Proverbs 14:29).
- Discernment and Understanding: It enables one to distinguish between good and evil, truth and falsehood, and to understand the deeper meaning of life's events (Proverbs 4:7).
- Practical Skill: In its broadest sense, Hokmah could even refer to skill in craftsmanship (e.g., the artisans of the tabernacle, Exodus 31:3). This shows that wisdom is not just theoretical but translates into effective, excellent execution in all areas of life.
The book of Proverbs 3 extols the virtues of wisdom, proclaiming its value above rubies and its ability to bring length of days, riches, honour, pleasant ways, and peace.
Wisdom Contrasted with Worldly Folly
The Bible frequently draws a sharp distinction between divine wisdom and worldly wisdom, often labeling the latter as "folly." Worldly wisdom, though it may appear sophisticated and intelligent to human eyes, is ultimately futile and destructive because it is divorced from God. The Apostle Paul powerfully articulates this contrast:
For the preaching of the cross is to them that perish foolishness; but unto us which are saved it is the power of God. For it is written, I will destroy the wisdom of the wise, and will bring to nothing the understanding of the prudent. Where is the wise? where is the scribe? where is the disputer of this world? hath not God made foolish the wisdom of this world? For after that in the world by wisdom knew not God, it pleased God by the foolishness of preaching to save them that believe.
Paul emphasizes that human reason, apart from divine revelation, cannot comprehend God's plan of salvation through the cross. What seems foolish to the world is God's profound wisdom. Worldly wisdom often leads to self-reliance, pride, and a rejection of divine truth, ultimately resulting in spiritual blindness and destruction. In contrast, biblical wisdom leads to humility, dependence on God, and eternal life.
Christ: The Embodiment of God's Wisdom
The New Testament reveals the ultimate embodiment of God's Hokmah in the person of Jesus Christ. He is not merely wise; He is the very wisdom of God incarnate. Paul declares that Christ "is made unto us wisdom, and righteousness, and sanctification, and redemption" (1 Corinthians 1:30). Furthermore, in Christ "are hid all the treasures of wisdom and knowledge" (Colossians 2:3). Jesus' life, teachings, parables, and miracles perfectly demonstrated divine wisdom in action. His responses to His adversaries, His understanding of human nature, and His perfect obedience to the Father all exemplify the highest form of Hokmah. To know Christ is to know wisdom; to follow Him is to walk in wisdom's paths.
Attaining and Applying Wisdom in Daily Life
Since wisdom is a gift from God, its attainment begins with seeking Him. James 1:5 provides a direct invitation:
If any of you lack wisdom, let him ask of God, that giveth to all men liberally, and upbraideth not; and it shall be given him.
This promise encourages believers to pray for wisdom with faith, knowing God delights in bestowing it. Beyond prayer, the pursuit of wisdom involves:
Applying wisdom means living out these principles in every facet of life – in relationships, work, finances, and decision-making. It means choosing discretion over impulsivity, humility over pride, righteousness over expediency, and eternal perspective over temporal gain.
Conclusion: The Enduring Value of Wisdom
The concept of Hokmah in the KJV Bible presents wisdom not as a mere intellectual pursuit but as a divine gift, a way of life rooted in the fear of the Lord and culminating in Christ. It is more precious than gold, more valuable than rubies, and promises life, peace, and blessing to those who embrace it. From the creation of the world to the redemption of humanity, God's wisdom is evident and accessible. To pursue Hokmah is to seek God Himself, to align one's life with His divine purposes, and to walk in the light that leads to eternal flourishing. It is the ultimate pursuit for every believer, guiding them through the complexities of this world with discernment, righteousness, and the hope of glory.