Proverbs 23:7

Commentary on Proverbs 23:7 (KJV)

Proverbs 23:7 offers a profound insight into human nature and discernment, divided into two interconnected statements that reveal the power of inner thoughts and the danger of outward deception.

Context

This verse is found within a section of Proverbs (23:6-8) that specifically warns against dining with a stingy or "evil-eyed" person. The wisdom literature of Proverbs frequently cautions against associating with the wicked or those whose outward actions do not align with their inner character. It advises the reader to be discerning, recognizing that appearances can be deceiving, especially when it comes to offers of hospitality from those with ill intentions.

Key Themes

• The Power of Thought and Inner Being: The first part of the verse, "For as he thinketh in his heart, so is he," is a foundational principle. It asserts that a person's true essence and character are not merely defined by their actions or words, but by their deepest thoughts, beliefs, and intentions. This highlights the transformative power of the mind and the importance of one's inner world.
• Authenticity vs. Hypocrisy: The second part, "Eat and drink, saith he to thee; but his heart is not with thee," provides a vivid illustration of the first principle. It describes a scenario where outward politeness or generosity masks an insincere, grudging, or even malicious inner disposition. This theme underscores the dangers of hypocrisy and the necessity of discerning genuine motives.
• Discerning Intentions: The verse implicitly encourages the reader to develop spiritual and emotional discernment, urging them to look beyond superficial gestures and understand the true heart and motives of others.

Linguistic Insights

The phrase "thinketh in his heart" translates from the Hebrew sha'ar (thinketh) and lev (heart). The word sha'ar can mean "to estimate," "to calculate," or "to reckon," suggesting a deep, internal deliberation or settled conviction rather than fleeting thoughts. The "heart" (lev) in Hebrew thought is not just the seat of emotions, but also the center of intellect, will, and moral character. Thus, "as he calculates or determines in his inner being, so he truly is." This emphasizes that one's deepest convictions and intentions fundamentally shape their reality and actions, even if those actions are hidden or deceptive.

Related Scriptures

The profound truth that our inner thoughts shape our being resonates throughout Scripture. Jesus taught that what truly defiles a person comes out of the heart, including evil thoughts. Similarly, Luke 6:45 states that "out of the abundance of the heart the mouth speaketh," reinforcing the idea that our words and actions are merely expressions of our inner state. This also aligns with the wisdom to "Keep thy heart with all diligence; for out of it are the issues of life" (Proverbs 4:23). The warning against hypocrisy in the second part of the verse mirrors Jesus' condemnation of the Pharisees, who were like "whitewashed sepulchres, which indeed appear beautiful outward, but are within full of dead men's bones, and of all uncleanness" (Matthew 23:27).

Practical Application

• Self-Examination: This verse calls us to honest introspection. Do our outward actions and words truly reflect our inner thoughts and intentions? Cultivating a pure and sincere heart is paramount, as it is the wellspring of all genuine character.
• Discernment in Relationships: We are encouraged to be discerning about the motives of others. While we should not be overly suspicious, the verse warns against blindly accepting outward gestures of kindness from those whose "heart is not with thee." It teaches us to seek genuine connection over superficial pleasantries.
• Cultivating Godly Thoughts: Since our thoughts determine who we are, we are challenged to actively cultivate good and godly thoughts. As urged in Philippians 4:8, we should focus on whatever is true, noble, right, pure, lovely, admirable, excellent, or praiseworthy. This intentional cultivation leads to a transformation of character that is authentic and pleasing to God.