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“The Cost of Discipleship”· Luke 9:57–62
Translation
King James Version
¶ And it came to pass, that, as they went in the way, a certain man said unto him, Lord, I will follow thee whithersoever thou goest.
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KJV (with Strong's)
And G1161 it came to pass G1096, that, as they G846 went G4198 in G1722 the way G3598, a certain G5100 man said G2036 unto G4314 him G846, Lord G2962, I will follow G190 thee G4671 whithersoever G3699 G302 thou goest G565.
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Complete Jewish Bible
As they were traveling on the road, a man said to him, “I will follow you wherever you go.”
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Berean Standard Bible
As they were walking along the road, someone said to Jesus, “I will follow You wherever You go.”
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American Standard Version
And as they went on the way, a certain man said unto him, I will follow thee whithersoever thou goest.
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World English Bible Messianic
As they went on the way, a certain man said to him, “I want to follow you wherever you go, Lord.”
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Geneva Bible (1599)
And it came to passe that as they went in the way, a certaine man said vnto him, I will follow thee, Lord, whithersoeuer thou goest.
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Young's Literal Translation
And it came to pass, as they are going on in the way, a certain one said unto him, `I will follow thee wherever thou mayest go, sir;'
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Luke 9:46-61
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In the KJVVerse 25,359 of 31,102 · 81.5%

Study This Verse

Summary

Luke 9:57 introduces the first of three distinct encounters Jesus has with individuals expressing interest in following Him, immediately following His resolute decision to journey towards Jerusalem. This verse captures the seemingly eager declaration of a man who pledges absolute allegiance to Jesus, stating, "Lord, I will follow thee whithersoever thou goest." While appearing to be a profound expression of devotion, this statement sets the stage for Jesus to unveil the challenging and often costly realities of true discipleship, prompting a deeper examination of commitment beyond initial enthusiasm.

Context

Literary Context

This verse is strategically placed within Luke's narrative immediately after Jesus "steadfastly set his face to go to Jerusalem" Luke 9:51 - Jesus' Resolute Journey to Jerusalem, marking a pivotal shift in His ministry focus towards His ultimate Passion. The preceding verses Luke 9:52-56 - Samaritan Rejection and Disciples' Zeal recount the rejection Jesus faced in a Samaritan village and His disciples' misguided desire for retribution, which Jesus rebukes. This incident underscores the misunderstanding even among His closest followers regarding the nature of His kingdom and mission. Luke 9:57-62 then forms a distinct pericope, presenting three different individuals who express a desire to follow Jesus, each receiving a challenging response that highlights the radical demands of discipleship, contrasting superficial enthusiasm with the true cost.

Historical & Cultural Context

As Jesus and His disciples "went in the way," they were engaged in an itinerant ministry, moving from village to village, often without a fixed abode. This was a common practice for rabbinic teachers of the time, though Jesus' teachings and lifestyle were far more radical than typical. The setting, likely rural Galilee or Samaritan territory, emphasizes the transient nature of their existence. In Jewish culture, following a rabbi (becoming a "talmid") involved intense devotion, living with the teacher, and adopting their lifestyle. The man's declaration in Luke 9:57, "I will follow thee whithersoever thou goest," would have been understood as a profound commitment to such a life, yet Jesus' subsequent response in /luke/9-58 "Luke 9:58 - The Son of Man Has No Place to Lay His Head" immediately confronts the romanticized notion of this commitment, revealing the harsh realities of homelessness and sacrifice inherent in following the Son of Man.

Key Themes

Luke 9:57 introduces the overarching theme of the Cost of Discipleship, which is central to this section of Luke's Gospel. The man's spontaneous declaration highlights Initial Enthusiasm vs. Enduring Commitment, a recurring tension for those drawn to Jesus. While the man expresses an Unconditional Vow ("whithersoever thou goest"), Jesus' response in the subsequent verses reveals that true discipleship requires a deeper understanding of sacrifice and priorities than this initial zeal might suggest. This passage also subtly touches upon the Nature of Jesus' Kingdom, which is not one of earthly comfort or power, but one that demands self-denial and a willingness to embrace hardship, echoing earlier teachings about taking up one's cross Luke 9:23 - Take Up Your Cross Daily.

Exposition and Analysis

Key Word Analysis

went poreúomai' G4198

This verb signifies "to traverse, i.e., travel (literally or figuratively; especially to remove, die, live, etc.)." In this context, it describes Jesus and His disciples physically "going" or "journeying" on their way. The active, ongoing nature of this travel underscores the itinerant lifestyle of Jesus' ministry, which forms the backdrop for the man's declaration and Jesus' subsequent challenging response regarding the lack of a fixed home.

said épō' G2036

A primary verb meaning "to speak or say (by word or writing)." It denotes a direct verbal utterance. The use of this word emphasizes the man's direct, personal address to Jesus, making a clear and unambiguous statement of intent. It highlights the spoken nature of his pledge, which, while seemingly earnest, is then put to the test by Jesus' words.

follow akolouthéō' G190

Derived from a word meaning "a road," this verb properly means "to be in the same way with, i.e., to accompany (specially, as a disciple)." It encapsulates the core concept of discipleship – walking alongside, learning from, and imitating a teacher. The man's use of this word signifies his desire to become a close adherent, a "talmid," to Jesus, adopting His path and lifestyle.

Verse Breakdown

"¶ And it came to pass, that, as they went in the way"

This introductory clause sets the scene, indicating a transitional moment during Jesus' ongoing journey. The phrase "in the way" emphasizes the itinerant nature of Jesus' ministry, highlighting the lack of a fixed location and the constant movement that characterized His life, which is crucial for understanding His response to the man.

"a certain [man] said unto him"

This introduces the individual who initiates the conversation. The indefinite "certain man" suggests he is not one of the Twelve or a previously identified follower, but someone from the general crowd, indicating a spontaneous, perhaps impulsive, declaration.

"Lord, I will follow thee whithersoever thou goest"

This is the man's direct and seemingly unqualified pledge of allegiance. "Lord" (Kýrios) is a respectful address, acknowledging Jesus' authority. The phrase "whithersoever thou goest" (Greek: hópou án apérchomai) expresses an absolute, unconditional commitment to accompany Jesus to any place, no matter how remote or challenging. On the surface, it appears to be a perfect statement of devotion, yet it is precisely this sweeping promise that Jesus will immediately challenge.

Literary Devices

Luke 9:57 employs several literary devices to set the stage for Jesus' deeper teaching. Foreshadowing is evident as the man's enthusiastic, yet unexamined, declaration immediately foreshadows Jesus' subsequent responses to this and the following two potential disciples in /luke/9-58-62 "Luke 9:58-62 - The Cost of Discipleship". The seemingly noble vow of "whithersoever thou goest" creates a subtle Irony, as the man's stated willingness to go anywhere contrasts sharply with the reality that Jesus, the Son of Man, literally has "no where to lay his head" Luke 9:58 - Jesus' Homelessness. This sets up a Contrast between the man's perceived understanding of discipleship and its actual demanding nature. The brief, direct dialogue also uses Juxtaposition, placing the man's eager declaration right before Jesus' stark and challenging reply, highlighting the immediate tension between human enthusiasm and divine expectation.

Theological and Thematic Connections

Luke 9:57 initiates a crucial theological discussion about the nature of true commitment to Christ. The man's declaration, while seemingly pious, represents a common human tendency to embrace the idea of following Jesus without fully grasping the radical implications for one's life, comfort, and security. It highlights that genuine discipleship is not merely a verbal assent or an emotional response, but a transformative journey that demands a reordering of priorities, a willingness to sacrifice personal comfort, and an unwavering focus on Christ above all else. This passage serves as a timeless reminder that the call to follow Jesus is a call to self-denial and cross-bearing, inviting believers to count the cost before embarking on the journey.

Reflection and Application

The man's eager declaration in Luke 9:57 serves as a powerful mirror for our own initial enthusiasm and ongoing commitment to Christ. It challenges us to move beyond superficial declarations of faith to a deep, abiding understanding of what it truly means to follow Jesus. Are we prepared for the path He leads us on, even when it deviates from our expectations of comfort, security, or worldly success? This verse prompts us to honestly assess our motives: Is our desire to follow Him rooted in a genuine surrender to His Lordship, or is it conditioned by our own expectations of what He can do for us? True discipleship demands a willingness to relinquish control, embrace uncertainty, and prioritize His will above all personal ambitions. It is a call to radical obedience, trusting that wherever He goes, His presence and purpose are sufficient.

Questions for Reflection

  1. What are my initial motivations for following Jesus, and how might they align or diverge from the true cost of discipleship?
  2. Am I truly willing to follow Jesus "whithersoever" He goes, even if it means sacrificing personal comfort, security, or worldly aspirations?
  3. How can I cultivate a deeper, more resilient commitment to Christ that moves beyond mere enthusiasm to enduring obedience?

FAQ

What is the significance of the man's statement, "Lord, I will follow thee whithersoever thou goest"?

The man's statement in /luke/9-57 "Luke 9:57 - The First Potential Follower" signifies a seemingly absolute and unconditional pledge of allegiance to Jesus. In the context of ancient Jewish discipleship, it would have been understood as a profound commitment to become a close follower, adopting the teacher's lifestyle and teachings. However, Jesus' subsequent response in /luke/9-58 "Luke 9:58 - Jesus' Challenging Reply" reveals that the man likely did not fully comprehend the radical implications of his vow, particularly the hardships and self-denial involved in following the Son of Man who had no fixed home. It highlights the distinction between initial enthusiasm and the true, demanding nature of discipleship.

Christ-Centered Fulfillment

Luke 9:57, with its seemingly eager but ultimately unexamined pledge of allegiance, finds its Christ-centered fulfillment not in the man's declaration, but in the person of Jesus Himself, who perfectly embodied the "whithersoever thou goest" principle. While the man's offer was tested, Christ's own journey was one of unwavering obedience to the Father's will, leading Him to the cross. Jesus, the Son of Man, truly went "whithersoever" the Father led, from the glory of heaven to the humility of human flesh Philippians 2:6-8 - Christ's Humiliation, through a life of itinerant ministry with "no where to lay his head" Luke 9:58 - The Son of Man's Homelessness, and ultimately to the ultimate sacrifice on Calvary for the redemption of humanity John 19:17-18 - Jesus Carries His Cross. His journey of perfect obedience and self-denial provides the pattern and the power for all who would truly follow Him. We are called not merely to declare our willingness, but to trust and participate in the path of the One who perfectly fulfilled the call to go wherever the Father leads, securing our salvation and demonstrating the true nature of costly love 1 Peter 2:21 - Christ Our Example.

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Public-domain commentary

Matthew Henry

From his Commentary on the Whole Bible. Henry comments on passages, not single verses — this entry covers Luke 9:57–62. His two-level outline is real structure in the source text, so it is rendered as structure.

1662–1714 · 6 verses
Passage under commentLuke 9:57–62
I. II. Main points1. 2. Sub-points

We have here an account of three several persons that offered themselves to follow Christ, and the answers that Christ gave to each of them. The two former we had an account of in Mat 19:21.

I.Here is one that is extremely forward to follow Christ immediately, but seems to have been too rash, hasty, and inconsiderate, and not to have set down and counted the cost.

1.He makes Christ a very large promise (Luk 9:57): As they went in the way, going up to Jerusalem, where it was expected Christ would first appear in his glory, one said to him, Lord, I will follow thee withersoever thou goest. This must be the resolution of all that will be found Christ's disciples indeed; they follow the Lamb whithersoever he goes (Rev 14:4), though it be through fire and water, to prisons and deaths.

2.Christ gives him a necessary caution, not to promise himself great things in the world, in following him, but, on the contrary, to count upon poverty and meanness; for the Son of man has not where to lay his head.

We may look upon this, (1.) As setting forth the very low condition that our Lord Jesus was in, in this world. He not only wanted the delights and ornaments that great princes usually have, but even such accommodations for mere necessity as the foxes have, and the birds of the air. See what a depth of poverty our Lord Jesus submitted to for us, to increase the worth and merit of his satisfaction, and to purchase for us a larger allowance of grace, that we through his poverty might be rich, Co2 8:9. He that made all did not make a dwelling-place for himself, not a house of his own to put his head in, but what he was beholden to others for. He here calls himself the Son of man, a Son of Adam, partaker of flesh and blood. He glories in his condescension towards us, not only to the meanness of our nature, but to the meanest condition in that nature, to testify his love to us, and to teach us a holy contempt of the world and of great things in it, and a continual regard to another world. Christ was thus poor, to sanctify and sweeten poverty to his people; the apostles had not certain dwelling-place (Co1 4:11), which they might the better bear when they knew their Master had not; see Sa2 11:11. We may well be content to fare as Christ did. (2.) As proposing this to the consideration of those who intend to be his disciples. If we mean to follow Christ, we must lay aside the thoughts of great things in the world, and not reckon upon making any thing more than heaven of our religion, as we must resolve not to take up with any thing less. Let us not go about to compound the profession of Christianity with secular advantages; Christ has put them asunder, let us not think of joining them together; on the contrary, we must expect to enter into the kingdom of heaven through many tribulations, must deny ourselves, and take up our cross. Christ tells this man what he must count upon if he followed him, to lie cold and uneasy, to fare hard, and live in contempt; if he could not submit to this, let him not pretend to follow Christ. This word sent him back, for aught that appears; but it will be no discouragement to any that know what there is in Christ and heaven to set in the scale against this.

II.Here is another, that seems resolved to follow Christ, but he begs a day, Luk 9:59.

To this man Christ first gave the call; he said to him, Follow me. He that proposed the thing of himself fled off when he heard of the difficulties that attended it; but this man to whom Christ gave a call, though he hesitated at first, yet, as it should seem, afterwards yielded; so true was that of Christ, You have not chosen me, but I have chosen you, Joh 15:16. It is not of him that willeth, nor of him that runneth (as that forward spark in the foregoing verses), but of God that showeth mercy, that gives the call, and makes it effectual, as to this man here. Observe,

1.The excuse he made: "Lord, suffer me first to go and bury my father. I have an aged father at home, who cannot live long, and will need me while he does live; let me go and attend on him until he is dead, and I have performed my last office of love to him, and then I will do any thing." We may here see three temptations, by which we are in danger of being drawn and kept from following Christ, which therefore we should guard against: - (1.) We are tempted to rest in a discipleship at large, in which we may be at a loose end, and not to come close, and give up ourselves to be strict and constant. (2.) We are tempted to defer the doing of that which we know to be our duty, and to put if off to some other time. When we have got clear of such a care and difficulty, when we have despatched such a business, raised an estate to such a pitch, then we will begin to think of being religious; and so we are cozened out of all our time, by being cozened out of the present time. (3.) We are tempted to think that our duty to our relations will excuse us from our duty to Christ. It is a plausible excuse indeed: "Let me go and bury my father, - let me take care of my family, and provide for my children, and then I will think of serving Christ;" whereas the kingdom of God and the righteousness thereof must be sought ad minded in the first place.

2.Christ's answer to it (Luk 9:60): "Let the dead bury their dead. Suppose (which is not likely) that there are none but the dead to bury their dead, or none but those who are themselves aged and dying, who are as good as dead, and fit for no other service, yet thou hast other work to do; go thou, and preach the kingdom of God." Not that Christ would have his followers or his ministers to be unnatural; our religion teaches us to be kind and good in every relation, to show piety at home, and to requite our parents. But we must not make these offices an excuse from our duty to God. If the nearest and dearest relation we have in the world stand in our way to keep us from Christ, it is necessary that we have a zeal that will make us forget father and mother, as Levi did, Deu 33:9. This disciple was called to be a minister, and therefore must not entangle himself with the affairs of this world, Ti2 2:4. And it is a rule that, whenever Christ calls to any duty, we must not consult with flesh and blood, Gal 1:15, Gal 1:16. No excuses must be admitted against a present obedience to the call of Christ.

III.Here is another that is willing to follow Christ, but he must have a little time to talk with his friends about it.

Observe, 1. His request for a dispensation, Luk 9:61. He said, "Lord, I will follow thee; I design no other, I am determined to do it: but let me first go bid them farewell that are at home." This seemed reasonable; it was what Elisha desired when Elijah called him,Let me kiss my father and my mother; and it was allowed him: but the ministry of the gospel is preferable, and the service of it more urgent than that of the prophets; and therefore here it would not be allowed. Suffer me apotaxasthai tois eis ton oikon mou - Let me go and set in order my household affairs, and give direction concerning them; so some understand it. Now that which was amiss in this is, (1.) That he looked upon his following Christ as a melancholy, troublesome, dangerous thing; it was to him as if he were going to die and therefore he must take leave of all his friends, never to see them again, or never with any comfort; whereas, in following Christ, he might be more a comfort and blessing to them than if he had continued with them. (2.) That he seemed to have his worldly concerns more upon his heart than he ought to have, and than would consist with a close attendance to his duty as a follower of Christ. He seemed to hanker after his relations and family concerns, and he could not part easily and suitably from them, but they stuck to him. It may be he had bidden them farewell once, but Loth to depart bids oft farewell, and therefore he must bid them farewell once more, for they are at home at his house. (3.) That he was willing to enter into a temptation from his purpose of following Christ. To go and bid them farewell that were at home at his house would be to expose himself to the strongest solicitations imaginable to alter his resolution; for they would all be against it, and would beg and pray that he would not leave them. Now it was presumption in him to thrust himself into such a temptation. Those that resolve to walk with their Maker, and follow their Redeemer, must resolve that they will not so much as parley with their tempter.

2.The rebuke which Christ gave him for this request (Luk 9:62): "No man, having put his hand to the plough, and designing to make good work of his ploughing, will look back, or look behind him, for then he makes balks with his plough, and the ground he ploughs is not fit to be sown; so thou, if thou hast a design to follow me and to reap the advantages of those that do so, yet if thou lookest back to a worldly life again and hankerest after that, if thou lookest back as Lot's wife did to Sodom, which seems to be alluded to here, thou art not fit for the kingdom of God." (1.) "Thou art not soil fit to receive the good seed of the kingdom of God if thou art thus ploughed by the halves, and not gone through with." (2.) "Thou art not a sower fit to scatter the good seed of the kingdom if thou canst hold the plough no better." Ploughing is in order to sowing. As those are not fit to be sown with divine comforts whose fallow ground is not first broken up, so those are not fit to be employed in sowing who know not how to break up the fallow ground, but, when they have laid their hand to the plough, upon every occasion look back and think of quitting it. Note, Those who begin with the work of God must resolve to go on with it, or they will make nothing of it. Looking back inclines to drawing back, and drawing back is to perdition. Those are not fit for heaven who, having set their faces heavenward, face about. But he, and he only, that endures to the end, shall be saved.

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Historical interpretation

Eleven Centuries of Reception

14 surviving comments on this verse. Each one is dated, so this reads as a timeline rather than a list.

14 quotes · AD 202–1274
Ante-NicenePost-NiceneEarly MedievalMedieval
2003004005006007008009001000110012001300

Select a marker to jump to its quote. Markers stagger vertically where authors wrote within a few decades of each other.

AD 220TertullianAnte-NiceneSourceAgainst Marcion Book IV
Well, but why does this most humane and merciful God reject the man who offers himself to Him as an inseparable companion? If it were from pride or from hypocrisy that he had said, "I will follow Thee whithersoever Thou goest, ' then, by judicially reproving an act of either pride or hypocrisy as worthy of rejection, He performed the office of a Judge.
The Lord warns us of this in his gospel lest we return to the devil again and to the world, which we have renounced and from which we have escaped. He says, “No one, having put his hand to the plow and looking back, is fit for the kingdom of God.” Again he says, “And let him who is in the field not turn back. Remember Lot’s wife.” Lest anyone, either because of some desire for wealth or by his own charm be persuaded from following Christ, he added, “He that does not renounce all that he possesses, cannot be my disciple.”
AD 373Athanasius of Alexandriaas quoted by Aquinas, AD 1274Post-NiceneSourceCatena Aurea by Aquinas
(non occ.) He dared also to match himself with the incomprehensible power of the Saviour, saying, I will follow thee whithersoever thou goest; for to follow the Saviour simply to hear His teaching is possible to human nature, as it directs itself towards men, but it is not possible to go with Him wherever He is; for He is incomprehensible, and is not confined by place.

Or herein our Lord teaches the greatness of His gift, as if He said, All created things may be confined by place, but the Word of God has incomprehensible power. Say not then, I will follow thee whithersoever thou goest. But if thou wouldest be a disciple, cast off 1 foolish things, for it is impossible for him who remains in foolishness to become a disciple of the Word.
AD 379Basil of CaesareaPost-NiceneSourceCONCERNING BAPTISM 1.1
The man said, “Allow me first to go and bury my father.” The Lord replied, “Let the dead bury their dead; but go and preach the kingdom of God.” Another man said, “Let me first arrange my affairs at home.” He rebuked him with a stern threat, saying, “No man, putting his hand to the plow and looking back, is fit for the kingdom of God.” A person who wishes to become the Lord’s disciple must repudiate a human obligation, however honorable it may appear, if it slows us ever so slightly in giving the wholehearted obedience we owe to God.
AD 397Ambrose of Milanas quoted by Aquinas, AD 1274Post-NiceneSourceCatena Aurea by Aquinas
For we must not always punish the offender, since mercy sometimes does more good, leading thee to patience, the sinner to repentance. Lastly, those Samaritans believed the sooner, who were in this place saved from fire.

Or, He compares foxes to heretics, because they are indeed a wily animal, and, ever intent upon fraud, commit their robberies by stealth. They let nothing be safe, nothing be at rest, nothing secure, for they hunt their prey into the very abodes of men. The fox again, an animal full of craft, makes no hole for itself, yet likes to lie always concealed in a hole. So the heretics, who know not how to construct a house for themselves, circumscribe and deceive others. This animal is never tamed, nor is it of use to man. Hence the Apostle, A heretic after the first and second admonition reject. (Tit. 3:10.) But the birds of the air, which are frequently brought in to represent spiritual wickedness, build as it were their nests in the breasts of the wicked, and as long as deceit reigns over the affections, the divine principle has no opportunity to take possession. But when a man has proved his heart to be innocent, upon him Christ leans in some measure the weight of His greatness, for by a more abundant shedding of grace He is planted in the breasts of good men. So then it does not seem reasonable that we should think him faithful and simple, who is rejected by the judgment of the Lord, notwithstanding that he promised the service of unwearied attendance; but our Lord cares not for this kind of service, but only purity of affection, nor is his attendance accepted whose sense of duty is not proved. For the hospitality of faith should be given with circumspection, lest while opening the interior of our house to the unbelieving, through our imprudent credulity we fall a snare to the treachery of others. Therefore that you may be aware that God despises not attendance upon him but deceit, He who rejected the deceitful man chose the innocent. For it follows, And he said unto another, Follow me. But He says this to him, whose father He knew to be dead. Hence it follows, But he said, Lord, suffer me first to go and bury my father.

But the Lord calls those upon whom He has compassion. Hence it follows, And Jesus said, Let the dead bury their dead. Since we have received as a religious duty the burial of the human body, how is it thus that the burial even of a father's dead body is forbidden, unless you are to understand that human things are to be postponed to divine? It is a good employment, but the hindrance is greater, for he who divides his pursuits, draws down his affections; he who divides his care, delays his advances. We must first set about the things which are most important. For the Apostles also, that they might not be occupied in the office of distributing alms, ordained ministers for the poor.

The performance of a father's burial is not then prohibited, but the observance of religious duty is preferred to the ties of relationship. The one is left to those in like condition, the other is commanded to those who are left. But how can the dead bury the dead? unless you here understand a twofold death, one a natural death, the other the death of sin. (Rom. 9:11.) There is also a third death, by which we die unto sin, live unto God.

Or because the throat of the ungodly is an open sepulchre, their memory is ordered to be forgotten whose services die together with their bodies. Nor is the son recalled from his duty to his father, but the faithful is separated from the communion of the unbelieving; there is no prohibition of duty, but a mystery of religion, that is, that we should have no fellowship with the dead Gentiles.
AD 407John Chrysostomas quoted by Aquinas, AD 1274Post-NiceneSourceCatena Aurea by Aquinas
See how our Lord sets forth by his works the poverty which he taught. For him was no table spread, no lights, no house, nor any such thing.

(Hom. 27. in Matt.) But what more necessary than the burial of his father, what more easy, seeing that there would not be much time given to it? We are then hereby taught that it becomes us not to spend even the slightest portion of our time in vain, although we have a thousand things to compel us, nay to prefer spiritual things to even our greatest necessities. For the devil watchfully presses close upon us, wishing to find any opening, and if he causes a slight negligence, he ends in producing a great weakness.

(ubi sup.) By thus saying, their dead, he shows that this man's father was not his dead, for I suppose that the deceased was of the number of the unbelieving.
AD 444Cyril of AlexandriaPost-NiceneSourceCOMMENTARY ON LUKE, HOMILY 57
He rebuked him not to reproach him but rather to correct him, so that he might of his own desire grow better and become eager in following the ways of virtue.… The simple meaning of the passage that is at hand follows. The beasts and birds have dens and dwellings, but I have nothing to offer of those things that are the objects of general pursuit. I do not have a place where to dwell, rest and lay my head. Profounder thoughts achieve the inner and secret symbolism of the passage. He seems to mean by the foxes and birds of heaven those wicked, cunning and impure powers, the herds of demons.… We affirm that he did not say this about the material and visible birds. He said this about those impure and wicked spirits that often remove the heavenly seed that fell on the hearts of people and carry it away, so that they may not bring forth any fruit. As long as the foxes and birds have holes and dens in us, how can Christ enter? Where can he rest?
AD 444Cyril of Alexandriaas quoted by Aquinas, AD 1274Post-NiceneSourceCatena Aurea by Aquinas
(non occ.) Although the Almighty Lord is bountiful, He does not grant to every one absolutely and indiscriminately heavenly and divine gifts, but to those only who are worthy to receive them, who free themselves and their souls from the stains of wickedness. And this we are taught by the force of the angelic words, And it came to pass, that, us they went in the way, a certain man said unto him, Lord, I will follow thee. First indeed there is much tardiness implied in the manner of his coming. It is next shown that he is filled with too great presumption. For he sought not to follow Christ simply as several others of the people, but rather caught at the honour of the Apostleship. Whereas Paul says, No one taketh the honour to himself but he that is called of God. (Heb. 5:4.)

In another respect also our Lord deservedly gives him a refusal, for He taught that to follow the Lord, a man must take up his cross, and renounce the affection of this present life. And our Lord finding this lacking in him does not blame him, but corrects him.
It follows, And Jesus says to him, The foxes have holes, &c.

Now under a mystical signification He applies the name of foxes and birds of the air to the wicked and crafty powers of evil spirits. As if He said, Since foxes and birds of the air have their abode in thee, how shall Christ rest in thee? What fellowship has light with darkness? (2 Cor. 6:14.)
AD 444Cyril of AlexandriaPost-NiceneSourceCOMMENTARY ON LUKE 57
A certain man came near to Christ the Savior of us all, saying, "Teacher, I will follow you wherever you go." Christ rejected the man, saying that the foxes have holes, and the birds of heaven a place to lodge in; but he had no place to lay his head.… It is easy for anyone that will examine such matters accurately to perceive that in the first place there was great ignorance in his manner of coming near. Second, it was full of excessive presumptuousness. His wish was not simply to follow Christ, as so many others of the Jewish multitude did, but rather to thrust himself into apostolic honors. This was the following that he was seeking, being self-called. The blessed Paul writes that no one takes the honor to himself unless he is called of God, as Aaron also was. Aaron did not enter the priesthood through himself, but on the contrary, God called him. We find none of the holy apostles promoted himself to the office of apostle but rather received the honor from Christ. He said, "Come after me, and I will make you to become fishers of men." This man, as I said, boldly took upon himself honorable gifts, and, although no one called him, thrust himself into what was above his rank.
AD 735Bedeas quoted by Aquinas, AD 1274Early MedievalSourceCatena Aurea by Aquinas
Therefore it is said to him, Why do you seek to follow Me for the riches and gain of this world, when so great is My poverty that I have not even a place of rest, and take shelter under another man's roof.

He did not refuse the discipleship, but his wish was, having fulfilled the filial duty of burying his father, to follow Christ more freely.

BEDE.: To put one's hand to the plough, is also, (as it were by a certain sharp instrument,) by the wood and iron of our Lord's passion, to wear away the hardness of our heart, and to open it to bring forth the fruits of good works. But if any one, having begun to exercise this, delights to look back with Lot's wife to the things which he had left, he is deprived of the gift of the kingdom to come.

But if the disciple about to follow our Lord is reproved for wishing even to bid farewell at home, what will be done to such as for no advantage-sake frequently visit the houses of those whom they have left in the world?
AD 735BedeEarly MedievalSourceOn the Gospel of Luke
It came to pass, as they walked on the way, a certain man said to him: I will follow you wherever you go, and so on. Both wonderful and dreadful is the righteous dispensation of the secret judgment. The Samaritans are asked to receive the Lord, and not wanting to, are forbidden to be struck. This man promises to follow him and is removed, another desires first to bury his father and is compelled to evangelize. Another, intending to follow the Lord, wishes to announce this at home, but is not permitted. Someone who does not follow Christ works miracles in Christ's name and is commanded not to be prevented. But in each of these instances, the words of the Apostle are applicable to us: O the depth of the riches of the wisdom and knowledge of God, how incomprehensible are his judgments, and how unsearchable his ways (Rom. XI)! And with Samuel: Man sees what is apparent, but the Lord looks on the heart (I Reg. XVI).
AD 1107Theophylact of Ohridas quoted by Aquinas, AD 1274MedievalSourceCatena Aurea by Aquinas
For having seen our Lord drawing much people to Him, he thought that he received reward from them, and that if he followed our Lord, he might obtain money.
AD 1274Ancient Greek Expositoras quoted by Aquinas, AD 1274MedievalSourceCatena Aurea by Aquinas
(Nilus Monac.) For the frequent looking upon the things which we have forsaken, through the force of habit draws us back to our past way of life. For practice has great power to retain to itself. Is not habit generated of use, and nature of habit? But to get rid of or change nature is difficult; for although when compelled it for a while turns aside, it very rapidly returns to itself.
Source: Quotations drawn from early Church Fathers and historical Christian theologians (AD 100–1500). Some quotes address the surrounding passage context rather than this verse alone.
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