Genesis 11:18

KJV

And Peleg lived thirty years, and begat Reu:

KJV (with Strong's)

And Peleg {H6389} lived {H2421} thirty {H7970} years {H8141}, and begat {H3205} Reu {H7466}:

Complete Jewish Bible

Peleg lived thirty years and fathered Re‘u.

Berean Standard Bible

When Peleg was 30 years old, he became the father of Reu.

American Standard Version

And Peleg lived thirty years, and begat Reu:

Commentary

### SUMMARY
The verse Genesis 11:18 concisely records a crucial link in the post-Flood genealogy, stating, "And Peleg lived thirty years, and begat Reu." This brief entry is far more than a simple historical note; it meticulously continues the divinely preserved lineage from Noah's son Shem, bridging the significant period between the global judgment of the Flood and the foundational covenant with Abraham. It underscores God's unwavering faithfulness and sovereign control in guiding human history towards His redemptive purposes, even amidst the profound human dispersion that occurred in Peleg's lifetime.

### CONTEXT
* **Literary Context:** Genesis 11:18 is situated within the "generations of Shem" (תּוֹלְדֹת שֵׁם, *toledot Shem*) found in [Genesis 11:10-26](/genesis/11-10-26 "The Generations of Shem"). This section meticulously traces the lineage from Shem, Noah's son, through a series of patriarchs, ultimately leading to Terah, the father of Abraham. This genealogical record follows immediately after the narrative of the [Tower of Babel](/genesis/11-1-9 "The Tower of Babel and the Confusion of Languages"), where humanity's unified rebellion led to the divine confusion of languages and the subsequent scattering of peoples across the earth. The inclusion of Peleg, whose name means "division," is particularly poignant as his birth is explicitly linked to this global dispersion in [Genesis 10:25](/genesis/10-25 "Peleg and the division of the earth"). Thus, this verse, like others in the genealogy, serves to bridge the gap between major historical events and to maintain the continuity of the chosen line.
* **Historical & Cultural Context:** The post-Flood world described in Genesis 10-11 depicts humanity's repopulation of the earth, initially united but quickly falling into sin, culminating in the defiant project at Babel. The mention of ages and begetting children reflects the ancient Near Eastern cultural practice of recording genealogies, which served not only as historical records but also as statements of identity, land rights, and divine blessing. Longevity was often seen as a sign of divine favor. The decreasing lifespans observed in this post-Flood period, including Peleg's, reflect a significant shift from the antediluvian era, likely due to a combination of environmental changes after the Flood and the ongoing degenerative effects of sin on human biology. The naming conventions, such as Peleg ("division"), were often prophetic or commemorative of significant events occurring around the time of birth.
* **Key Themes:** This verse, as part of the broader Genesis 11 genealogy, powerfully contributes to several overarching themes. Firstly, it highlights God's **sovereignty and faithfulness** in preserving a specific lineage despite human rebellion and widespread dispersion. Even after the chaos at Babel, God's plan for a chosen people remains on track, meticulously documented. Secondly, it underscores the **importance of lineage in redemptive history**, demonstrating that God's covenant promises are passed down through specific individuals, culminating in the ultimate promise of the Messiah. The meticulous record ensures the integrity of the messianic line, foreshadowing the detailed genealogies of Jesus in the New Testament (e.g., [Matthew 1:1-17](/matthew/1-1-17 "The Genealogy of Jesus Christ") and [Luke 3:23-38](/luke/3-23-38 "The Genealogy of Jesus from Luke")). Finally, the consistent pattern of "lived... and begat" reinforces the theme of **divine continuity and the unfolding of God's purposes** through generations, guiding history towards the establishment of His covenant with Abraham in [Genesis 12](/genesis/12 "The Call of Abram").

### EXPOSITION AND ANALYSIS
#### Key Word Analysis
* **Peleg (Hebrew, _Peleg'_):** (H6389) This proper noun is derived from the Hebrew root meaning "to divide" or "to cleave." As stated in [Genesis 10:25](/genesis/10-25 "The meaning of Peleg's name"), "for in his days was the earth divided." This refers directly to the division of humanity at the [Tower of Babel](/genesis/11-1-9 "The Tower of Babel"), where God confused languages and scattered people across the globe. Thus, Peleg's name serves as a historical marker for this pivotal event of global dispersion.
* **lived (Hebrew, _châyâh'_):** (H2421) This primitive root means "to live," encompassing both literal existence and figurative vitality. In the context of genealogies, it signifies the duration of a patriarch's life, emphasizing the continuity of the human line and God's sustaining power. It is a fundamental verb for existence, highlighting the gift of life itself, even as lifespans progressively shorten in the post-Flood era.
* **begat (Hebrew, _yâlad'_):** (H3205) This primitive root means "to bear young" or, causatively, "to beget." In the patriarchal narratives, it signifies the act of fathering a child, which is crucial for the continuation of the family line and, more significantly, the divinely chosen lineage. This verb is central to the genealogical formula, emphasizing the transmission of life and the unfolding of God's redemptive plan through successive generations.

#### Verse Breakdown
* **"And Peleg lived thirty years,"**: This clause provides the specific age of Peleg at the time his son Reu was born. The precise chronological detail is characteristic of biblical genealogies, anchoring the narrative in a historical framework. It also subtly highlights the decreasing human lifespans post-Flood, as Peleg's age of fatherhood (30) is significantly less than that of earlier patriarchs (e.g., Arphaxad at 35 in [Genesis 11:12](/genesis/11-12 "Arphaxad begetting Salah")).
* **"and begat Reu:"**: This clause identifies the direct successor in the lineage. The act of "begetting" is not merely biological but carries profound theological weight in Genesis, signifying the continuation of the divinely chosen seed line. The name *Reu* (Hebrew: רְעוּ, *Re'u*) means "friend" or "shepherd," which, in contrast to his father's name "division," might subtly hint at future re-gathering or guidance, or simply reflect a common ancient naming practice. This brief statement ensures the unbroken chain leading towards Abraham and, ultimately, the Messiah.

#### Literary Devices
The primary literary device at play in Genesis 11:18, and indeed throughout the genealogies of Genesis 5 and 11, is **Annalistic Style** or **Genealogy**. This involves a precise, formulaic repetition of "lived X years and begat Y," followed by "and lived after he begat Y, Z years, and begat sons and daughters." This structured repetition creates a rhythmic, authoritative tone, emphasizing the historical continuity and divine preservation of the lineage. The names themselves, particularly **Symbolism** in the case of Peleg ("division"), serve as literary markers, linking the individual's life to significant historical events. This brevity and formulaic presentation underscore the theological purpose of the text: to trace the redemptive line rather than provide exhaustive biographical details.

### THEOLOGICAL AND THEMATIC CONNECTIONS
Genesis 11:18, though a simple genealogical note, is imbued with profound theological significance. It stands as a testament to God's unwavering **sovereignty and faithfulness** in guiding human history. Even in the aftermath of humanity's profound rebellion at Babel and the subsequent dispersion, God meticulously preserves a specific lineage. This highlights the divine hand at work, ensuring that His redemptive plan remains on track despite human sin and chaos. The consistent recording of generations underscores the **theological importance of lineage** in the biblical narrative, demonstrating how God's promises are transmitted through a chosen line, ultimately culminating in the arrival of the Messiah. It implicitly anticipates the foundational covenant with Abraham, showing that God was already preparing the way for the nation through whom salvation would come.

* [Genesis 5:3](/genesis/5-3 "Adam's lineage through Seth")
* [Luke 3:35](/luke/3-35 "Reu in Jesus' Genealogy")
* [1 Chronicles 1:19](/1-chronicles/1-19 "Peleg and the Division of the Earth")

### REFLECTION AND APPLICATION
Genesis 11:18, nestled within a seemingly dry list of names and ages, serves as a powerful reminder of God's steadfastness and purpose throughout history. It encourages us to look beyond the surface details of our own lives and circumstances, recognizing that every individual, every family, and every generation plays a part in God's grand, unfolding narrative. Even in periods of societal upheaval, dispersion, or apparent chaos—much like the world after Babel—God's redemptive purposes continue to unfold with precision and certainty. This verse teaches us that God is actively working through the generations, meticulously preserving His chosen path, and that His promises are utterly reliable. Our lives, too, are part of this greater story, called to faithfulness within the lineage of faith, trusting in God's sovereign hand to bring about His ultimate fulfillment.

#### Questions for Reflection
* **How does the seemingly mundane nature of genealogies like Genesis 11:18 highlight God's meticulous attention to detail in His overarching plan?**
* **In what ways does this verse, and the genealogies it belongs to, reassure us of God's faithfulness even when human society is in disarray?**
* **How can understanding the continuity of God's plan through generations impact our perspective on our own lives and our role in His ongoing work?**

### FAQ
**What is the significance of the name Peleg in this context?**

Answer: The name Peleg (פֶּלֶג, *Peleg*) means "division" or "watercourse." Its significance is explicitly stated in [Genesis 10:25](/genesis/10-25 "Meaning of Peleg's Name"), which notes that "in his days was the earth divided." This refers directly to the pivotal event of the [Tower of Babel](/genesis/11-1-9 "The Tower of Babel"), where God confused humanity's languages and scattered them across the earth, creating the distinct nations. Thus, Peleg's name serves as a divinely inspired historical marker for a major turning point in early human history, signifying the origin of the world's linguistic and national divisions.

**Why are these genealogies so brief and focused on just one line?**

Answer: The brevity and singular focus of these genealogies, including the entry in [Genesis 11:18](/genesis/11-18 "The Purpose of Genealogies"), highlight their profound theological purpose rather than serving as a comprehensive historical record of all humanity. They meticulously trace the specific, divinely chosen lineage from Noah through Shem, leading directly to Abraham. This selective focus underscores God's intentional preservation of a particular family line through whom His covenant promises would be fulfilled and the Messiah would eventually come. It demonstrates the precision with which God's redemptive plan unfolds, ensuring the continuity of the "seed" promise from [Genesis 3:15](/genesis/3-15 "The Protoevangelium") to the arrival of Christ.

### CHRIST-CENTERED FULFILLMENT
The seemingly simple genealogical entry of Genesis 11:18 is a vital, unbreakable link in the chain of God's redemptive history, meticulously preserving the lineage that would ultimately lead to the birth of Jesus Christ. Each name, including Peleg and Reu, represents a divinely ordained step in the unfolding plan to bring salvation to humanity. This verse, therefore, points forward to Christ by demonstrating God's unwavering faithfulness in maintaining the promised "seed" line, ensuring that despite human sin, rebellion (as seen at Babel), and dispersion, the path to the Messiah remained secure and certain. The meticulous record in Genesis anticipates the detailed genealogies of Jesus found in the New Testament, such as those in [Matthew 1:1-17](/matthew/1-1-17 "The Genealogy of Jesus Christ") and [Luke 3:23-38](/luke/3-23-38 "The Genealogy of Jesus from Luke"), both of which include Reu. These genealogies confirm that God's plan, initiated in Genesis, culminated in the Incarnation of the Son of God, the ultimate fulfillment of all promises, who came to gather the scattered nations (cf. [John 11:51-52](/john/11-51-52 "Jesus Gathering the Children of God")) and reconcile them to God.

Note: Commentary is generated by AI with a directive for Biblical fidelity. Always rely on the Holy Spirit for discernment. The Scripture text and cross-references are from verified, non-AI sources.

Cross-References

Luke 3:35

Which was [the son] of Saruch, which was [the son] of Ragau, which was [the son] of Phalec, which was [the son] of Heber, which was [the son] of Sala,