Ezekiel 48:1

¶ Now these [are] the names of the tribes. From the north end to the coast of the way of Hethlon, as one goeth to Hamath, Hazarenan, the border of Damascus northward, to the coast of Hamath; for these are his sides east [and] west; a [portion for] Dan.

Now these are the names {H8034} of the tribes {H7626}. From the north {H6828} end {H7097} to the coast {H3027} of the way {H1870} of Hethlon {H2855}, as one goeth {H935} to Hamath {H2574}, Hazarenan {H2704}, the border {H1366} of Damascus {H1834} northward {H6828}, to the coast {H3027} of Hamath {H2574}; for these are his sides {H6285} east {H6921} and west {H3220}; a {H259} portion for Dan {H1835}.

"'Following is the list of tribes: "'This is Dan's territory: from the north end, through Hetlon to the entrance of Hamat, Hatzar-'Einan (at the border of Dammesek), northward, next to Hamat; and they will have their sides east and west.

“Now these are the names of the tribes: At the northern frontier, Dan will have one portion bordering the road of Hethlon to Lebo-hamath and running on to Hazar-enan on the border of Damascus with Hamath to the north, and extending from the east side to the west side.

Now these are the names of the tribes: From the north end, beside the way of Hethlon to the entrance of Hamath, Hazar-enan at the border of Damascus, northward beside Hamath (and they shall have their sides east and west), Dan, one portion.

Commentary

Ezekiel 48:1 initiates the detailed description of the land division among the twelve tribes of Israel in Ezekiel's visionary temple and land restoration. This chapter, along with the preceding ones (Ezekiel 40-47), forms the climax of Ezekiel's prophecies, offering a glimpse into an idealized, future state of Israel.

Context

This verse is part of Ezekiel's grand vision of a restored Israel, given to him while in Babylonian exile. Following elaborate descriptions of a new temple, its priesthood, and the holy district (Ezekiel 40-47), chapters 47 and 48 outline the re-division of the land. This is not merely a historical or geographical map for the post-exilic return, but a prophetic and symbolic blueprint for a future, messianic era, emphasizing divine order and God's faithfulness to His covenant promises.

Key Themes

  • Divine Order and Meticulous Planning: The precise naming of the tribes and the detailed geographical boundaries emphasize God's sovereignty and His methodical approach to fulfilling His purposes. Every aspect of the future kingdom is carefully laid out.
  • Restoration of Tribal Inheritance: After centuries of dispersion and loss of tribal identity, this vision underscores the re-establishment of each tribe's unique portion. It speaks to God's commitment to restoring His people to their full inheritance.
  • Symbolic Geography: The specified places like Hethlon, Hamath, Hazarenan, and Damascus define the northern border, signifying a vast and secure territory for the restored nation. These borders extend beyond the historical boundaries of Israel, hinting at an expansive, divinely protected realm.
  • Inclusion of Dan: The tribe of Dan is notably mentioned first among the tribes receiving their northern portion. Historically, Dan was a tribe that often faced challenges or migrated from its original allotted territory in Canaan (Judges 18). Its prominent placement here signifies a complete and inclusive restoration of all twelve tribes, even those who may have been problematic or marginalized in the past.

Linguistic Insights

The phrase "names of the tribes" (Hebrew: sh'mot ha-shvatim) highlights the individual identity and significance of each tribal entity within the collective. The geographical markers are specific and tangible, grounding the visionary prophecy in a concrete, albeit ideal, reality. The repetition of "coast of Hamath" and "border of Damascus northward" provides clear and strong directional cues for the new boundaries.

Practical Application

Ezekiel 48:1 offers a profound message of hope and assurance. It reminds us that even when circumstances seem chaotic or promises appear delayed, God has a meticulous plan for ultimate restoration and order. This vision of a perfectly divided land for each tribe speaks to God's faithfulness to His covenant promises concerning the land and His people. For believers today, it serves as an encouragement that God sees and values every individual and group within His greater plan, ensuring that all who are part of His spiritual Israel will have their place and inheritance in His eternal kingdom.

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Cross-References

  • Ezekiel 47:15

    And this [shall be] the border of the land toward the north side, from the great sea, the way of Hethlon, as men go to Zedad;

  • Ezekiel 47:17

    And the border from the sea shall be Hazarenan, the border of Damascus, and the north northward, and the border of Hamath. And [this is] the north side.

  • Joshua 19:40

    ¶ [And] the seventh lot came out for the tribe of the children of Dan according to their families.

  • Joshua 19:47

    And the coast of the children of Dan went out [too little] for them: therefore the children of Dan went up to fight against Leshem, and took it, and smote it with the edge of the sword, and possessed it, and dwelt therein, and called Leshem, Dan, after the name of Dan their father.

  • Numbers 1:5

    And these [are] the names of the men that shall stand with you: of [the tribe of] Reuben; Elizur the son of Shedeur.

  • Numbers 1:15

    Of Naphtali; Ahira the son of Enan.

  • Genesis 30:3

    And she said, Behold my maid Bilhah, go in unto her; and she shall bear upon my knees, that I may also have children by her.