What number verse is Exodus 39:17 in the Bible?

Exodus 39:17 is the 2,682nd verse of the Bible. Counting straight through the King James canon — all 31,102 verses from Genesis 1:1 to Revelation 22:21 — Exodus 39:17 sits at position 2,682.

Translation

King James Version

And they put the two wreathen chains of gold in the two rings on the ends of the breastplate.

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KJV (with Strong's)

And they put ^H5414 the two ^H8147 wreathen chains ^H5688 of gold ^H2091 in the two ^H8147 rings ^H2885 on the ends ^H7098 of the breastplate ^H2833.

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Complete Jewish Bible

They put the two twisted gold chains in the two rings at the ends of the breastplate

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Berean Standard Bible

Then they fastened the two gold chains to the two gold rings at the corners of the breastpiece,

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American Standard Version

And they put the two wreathen chains of gold in the two rings at the ends of the breastplate.

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World English Bible Messianic

They put the two braided chains of gold in the two rings at the ends of the breastplate.

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Geneva Bible (1599)

And they put ye two wrethe cheines of gold in the two rings, in the corners of the brest plate.

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Young's Literal Translation

and they put the two thick bands of gold on the two rings on the ends of the breastplate;

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In the KJVVerse 2,682 of 31,102

Study This Verse

SUMMARY

Exodus 39:17 precisely details the attachment of two intricately braided, pure gold chains to the rings located at the upper corners of the high priestly breastplate. This verse underscores the meticulous execution of God's divine instructions for the Tabernacle and its sacred furnishings, emphasizing the intrinsic value, ceremonial purity, and functional integrity required for all elements used in the worship of a holy God. It serves as a powerful testament to the craftsmen's unwavering faithfulness in replicating the heavenly pattern revealed to Moses, ensuring the breastplate, which symbolized Israel's constant presence and representation before God, was securely fastened for the high priest's sacred ministry.

CONTEXT

Literary Context: Exodus 39 is situated within the latter portion of the book, specifically chapters 35-40, which meticulously recount the actual construction and erection of the Tabernacle and its sacred objects, including the priestly garments. This chapter focuses particularly on the making of the ephod and the breastplate, demonstrating an exact adherence to the divine blueprint previously detailed in Exodus 28. Verse 17, therefore, functions as a fulfillment statement, describing a precise step in the assembly of the breastplate, which was designed to be worn over the ephod. It directly echoes the initial command for these specific chains found in Exodus 28:22-25, illustrating the Israelites' faithful obedience to every divine instruction, no matter how minute, in the construction of God's dwelling place. The surrounding verses elaborate on the completion of the breastplate itself, including its settings for the twelve tribal stones, and its overall integration into the high priest's complete attire.
Historical & Cultural Context: The construction of the Tabernacle and its elaborate priestly garments took place during Israel's formative period of wilderness wanderings, a crucial time for the establishment of their national and religious identity. God's comprehensive commands for the Tabernacle, detailed from Exodus 25 onwards, established a portable sanctuary where He would uniquely dwell among His chosen people. The high priest, chosen from the tribe of Levi, served as the singular mediator between God and the nation of Israel. His garments were far more than mere ceremonial attire; they were imbued with profound theological significance, symbolizing holiness, the weight of representation, and the gravity of his sacred office. The prescribed use of pure gold, intricate craftsmanship, and precious stones reflected the immense value and sacredness attributed to God's presence and the act of worship in ancient Near Eastern cultures, where temples and their associated rituals were foundational to societal and religious life. The meticulous nature of these divine instructions emphasized God's unwavering demand for perfection, order, and purity in approaching His holy presence, thereby distinctly setting Israel apart from the surrounding pagan practices.
Key Themes: This verse, though a detail, contributes significantly to several overarching themes within Exodus and the Pentateuch. Firstly, it highlights the theme of Divine Revelation and Obedience, as the precise construction of the Tabernacle and its components, including the breastplate and its chains, directly reflects God's detailed instructions given to Moses on Mount Sinai (e.g., Exodus 25:9). The Israelites' faithful execution of these commands underscores the importance of obedience to God's revealed will. Secondly, it reinforces the theme of Holiness and Purity, emphasized by the use of pure gold and the meticulous craftsmanship, reflecting God's own holy character and the purity required for those who approach Him. Thirdly, the breastplate itself, secured by these chains, is central to the theme of Mediation and Representation, as the high priest carried the names of the twelve tribes before the Lord (Exodus 28:29). This act symbolized God's constant remembrance of His covenant people through their appointed mediator. Finally, the entire Tabernacle project, including these garments, points to the theme of God's Dwelling Among His People, establishing a tangible space for His presence and worship, which ultimately finds its fulfillment in Christ and the Church.

EXPOSITION AND ANALYSIS

Key Word Analysis

wreathen chains (Hebrew, ʻăbôth', H5688): This term refers to something intricately twisted, braided, or interwoven, specifically a string, wreath, or chain. Its use here emphasizes the highly skilled craftsmanship involved in creating these gold chains. It implies not merely a simple chain, but one formed by meticulously twisting strands of pure gold together, signifying both exceptional beauty and inherent strength. This level of detail highlights the divine demand for excellence and the preciousness of the materials used in God's sacred service.
gold (Hebrew, zâhâb', H2091): Derived from a root meaning "to shimmer," this word denotes gold, or figuratively, something gold-colored. In the context of the Tabernacle and priestly garments, gold consistently symbolizes purity, divinity, and immense value. Its incorruptible nature also speaks to permanence and the enduring holiness of God and His dwelling place. The use of pure gold for these chains underscores the sacredness and preciousness of every component related to the high priest's ministry.
breastplate (Hebrew, chôshen', H2833): From an unused root likely meaning "to contain" or "to sparkle," this term refers specifically to the gorget or breastplate worn by the high priest. It was not merely an ornamental piece but was uniquely called the "breastplate of judgment" (Exodus 28:15). It held twelve precious stones, each engraved with the name of one of the tribes of Israel, signifying the high priest's solemn role in carrying the people before God in judgment and intercession. The wreathen gold chains were essential for its proper and secure positioning over the high priest's heart.

Verse Breakdown

"And they put the two wreathen chains of gold": This clause identifies the agents of action as the skilled artisans, specifically Bezalel and Oholiab, who were divinely gifted and appointed for the task of constructing the Tabernacle and its furnishings (Exodus 31:1-6). The "two wreathen chains of gold" were crafted with exceptional skill, reflecting the purity, preciousness, and intricate design commanded by God. Their twisted, braided nature ensured both strength and durability, vital for securely fastening such a significant piece of the high priest's attire.
"in the two rings": These rings were specifically designed and securely attached to the upper corners of the breastplate itself (Exodus 28:23). Their purpose was to provide a secure and functional anchor point for the wreathen gold chains, demonstrating the meticulous and integrated design of the entire priestly vestment. Every component, no matter how small, had a precise function, ensuring the breastplate's stability and proper orientation.
"on the ends of the breastplate": This phrase precisely specifies the exact location of the rings and, consequently, the point of attachment for the chains—at the extremities or corners of the breastplate. These chains would then connect the breastplate to the ephod's shoulder pieces, ensuring that the breastplate, with the names of the twelve tribes of Israel, remained securely positioned over the high priest's heart as he ministered before the Lord in the Tabernacle. This secure attachment underscored the constant, unwavering representation of Israel before God.

Literary Devices

The passage employs several literary devices to convey its profound theological meaning and structural significance. Repetition is a prominent feature throughout Exodus, particularly in the detailed recounting of the Tabernacle's construction after its initial instructions. This serves to emphasize the absolute importance of precise obedience to God's commands, highlighting His divine authority and the sacredness of His dwelling. Symbolism is pervasive; the pure gold itself symbolizes purity, divinity, and immense value, while the "wreathen chains" symbolize strength, intricate divine design, and the secure, unbreakable connection between the high priest and the people he represents. The breastplate, which these chains secured, is a powerful symbol of intercession and the high priest's role in carrying God's people before Him. Furthermore, the meticulous detail in this verse, focusing on a seemingly minor component like chains and rings, employs synecdoche, where a part (the chains) stands for the whole (the divinely ordained system of worship and priesthood), underscoring the profound idea that every detail, no matter how small, is significant and purposeful in God's grand, holy design.

THEOLOGICAL AND THEMATIC CONNECTIONS

Exodus 39:17, while detailing a specific construction step, is rich with profound theological significance. It speaks directly to God's absolute demand for precision, order, and holiness in worship, where every component of the Tabernacle and priestly garments was divinely designed and perfectly executed. This meticulousness reflects God's own character—orderly, holy, and sovereign, a God who is concerned with every detail of our approach to Him. The secure attachment of the breastplate, bearing the names of the tribes, to the high priest's heart signifies God's unwavering commitment to His covenant people, who were constantly before Him through their representative. It underscores the vital theme of intercession and the indispensable role of a mediator in bridging the gap between a holy God and sinful humanity, a concept that finds its ultimate, perfect fulfillment in Jesus Christ.

REFLECTION AND APPLICATION

The intricate details of Exodus 39:17 invite us to ponder the profound truth that God cares about every aspect of our lives and our worship. If He commanded such precision for an earthly sanctuary and its garments, how much more does He desire our wholehearted devotion, attention to truth, and integrity in our spiritual walk? This verse reminds us that our connection to God, though now direct and personal through Christ, is still meant to be secure, intentional, and firmly anchored, not haphazard or casual. Just as the wreathen gold chains ensured the breastplate remained firmly in place over the high priest's heart, our faith should be securely fastened to the unshakeable truth of God's Word and the finished work of Christ. It challenges us to consider the "small details" of our obedience, our spiritual disciplines, and our daily interactions, recognizing that faithfulness in seemingly little things often reflects the depth of our reverence for a God who is Himself meticulous, perfect, and purposeful in all His ways.

Questions for Reflection

What does God's demand for such meticulous detail in the Tabernacle's construction reveal about His character and His expectations for our worship today?
How does the secure attachment of the breastplate, with the names of Israel, to the high priest's heart encourage us regarding God's constant care and remembrance of His people?
In what "small details" of your own life, relationships, or spiritual walk might God be calling you to greater precision, intentionality, or faithfulness?

FAQ

Why were the chains made of pure gold, and what is the significance of "wreathen"?

Answer: The chains were made of pure gold to signify the immense value, purity, and divine origin of the priestly garments and everything associated with God's presence. Gold, being a precious and incorruptible metal, consistently symbolized holiness, royalty, and the divine nature throughout the Old Testament. The term "wreathen" (Hebrew: ʻăbôth') indicates that the gold was intricately twisted or braided. This was not merely for aesthetic appeal but also for strength and durability. It highlights the meticulous craftsmanship required by God's commands, ensuring that the breastplate, which bore the names of the twelve tribes of Israel, was securely and permanently attached to the high priest. This symbolized the enduring and precious connection between God and His people, underscoring that God's design is perfect in both form and function, as seen in the detailed instructions given in Exodus 28.

What was the primary purpose of the breastplate, and how did these chains contribute to it?

Answer: The primary purpose of the breastplate, often called the "breastplate of judgment," was to bear the names of the twelve tribes of Israel on twelve precious stones, placed over the high priest's heart as he ministered before the Lord (Exodus 28:29). This symbolized the high priest's crucial role as the representative and intercessor for all Israel before God. The wreathen gold chains described in Exodus 39:17 were absolutely crucial for its secure attachment. They connected the breastplate to the ephod's shoulder pieces, ensuring it remained firmly and perpetually in place over the priest's heart. Without these chains, the breastplate would not have been properly positioned, thereby hindering its symbolic function of constantly presenting the people before God. Thus, the chains were integral to the breastplate's ability to fulfill its divine purpose of intercession and representation.

CHRIST-CENTERED FULFILLMENT

Exodus 39:17, with its precise focus on the secure attachment of the breastplate to the high priest's garments, beautifully foreshadows the perfect and permanent redemptive work of Jesus Christ, our ultimate and eternal High Priest. Just as the wreathen gold chains ensured the breastplate, bearing the names of Israel, was held securely over Aaron's heart, so too does Christ, our great High Priest, bear His people on His heart, continually interceding for us before the Father. His priesthood is not temporary or dependent on physical garments or earthly rituals, but is eternal, unchangeable, and perfect (Hebrews 7:24). The meticulous craftsmanship of the gold chains speaks to the divine perfection of Christ's once-for-all sacrifice and His ongoing heavenly ministry; every detail of His redemptive work is flawlessly executed and eternally complete. Through His perfect sacrifice, He has entered the true heavenly sanctuary, not with the blood of animals, but with His own blood, securing eternal redemption for us (Hebrews 9:12). We, the spiritual Israel, are eternally held fast by Him, not by physical chains, but by the unbreakable bond of His covenant love and His perfect mediation, ensuring our constant, secure presence before the throne of grace, where we can draw near with confidence (Hebrews 4:14-16).

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Commentary on Exodus 39 verses 1–31

1 ¶ And of the blue, and purple, and scarlet, they made cloths of service, to do service in the holy place, and made the holy garments for Aaron; as the LORD commanded Moses.

2 And he made the ephod of gold, blue, and purple, and scarlet, and fine twined linen.

3 And they did beat the gold into thin plates, and cut it into wires, to work it in the blue, and in the purple, and in the scarlet, and in the fine linen, with cunning work.

4 They made shoulderpieces for it, to couple it together: by the two edges was it coupled together.

5 And the curious girdle of his ephod, that was upon it, was of the same, according to the work thereof; of gold, blue, and purple, and scarlet, and fine twined linen; as the LORD commanded Moses.

6 And they wrought onyx stones inclosed in ouches of gold, graven, as signets are graven, with the names of the children of Israel.

7 And he put them on the shoulders of the ephod, that they should be stones for a memorial to the children of Israel; as the LORD commanded Moses.

8 And he made the breastplate of cunning work, like the work of the ephod; of gold, blue, and purple, and scarlet, and fine twined linen.

9 It was foursquare; they made the breastplate double: a span was the length thereof, and a span the breadth thereof, being doubled.

10 And they set in it four rows of stones: the first row was a sardius, a topaz, and a carbuncle: this was the first row.

11 And the second row, an emerald, a sapphire, and a diamond.

12 And the third row, a ligure, an agate, and an amethyst.

13 And the fourth row, a beryl, an onyx, and a jasper: they were inclosed in ouches of gold in their inclosings.

14 And the stones were according to the names of the children of Israel, twelve, according to their names, like the engravings of a signet, every one with his name, according to the twelve tribes.

15 And they made upon the breastplate chains at the ends, of wreathen work of pure gold.

16 And they made two ouches of gold, and two gold rings; and put the two rings in the two ends of the breastplate.

17 And they put the two wreathen chains of gold in the two rings on the ends of the breastplate.

18 And the two ends of the two wreathen chains they fastened in the two ouches, and put them on the shoulderpieces of the ephod, before it.

19 And they made two rings of gold, and put them on the two ends of the breastplate, upon the border of it, which was on the side of the ephod inward.

20 And they made two other golden rings, and put them on the two sides of the ephod underneath, toward the forepart of it, over against the other coupling thereof, above the curious girdle of the ephod.

21 And they did bind the breastplate by his rings unto the rings of the ephod with a lace of blue, that it might be above the curious girdle of the ephod, and that the breastplate might not be loosed from the ephod; as the LORD commanded Moses.

22 And he made the robe of the ephod of woven work, all of blue.

23 And there was an hole in the midst of the robe, as the hole of an habergeon, with a band round about the hole, that it should not rend.

24 And they made upon the hems of the robe pomegranates of blue, and purple, and scarlet, and twined linen.

25 And they made bells of pure gold, and put the bells between the pomegranates upon the hem of the robe, round about between the pomegranates;

26 A bell and a pomegranate, a bell and a pomegranate, round about the hem of the robe to minister in; as the LORD commanded Moses.

27 And they made coats of fine linen of woven work for Aaron, and for his sons,

28 And a mitre of fine linen, and goodly bonnets of fine linen, and linen breeches of fine twined linen,

29 And a girdle of fine twined linen, and blue, and purple, and scarlet, of needlework; as the LORD commanded Moses.

30 And they made the plate of the holy crown of pure gold, and wrote upon it a writing, like to the engravings of a signet, HOLINESS TO THE LORD.

31 And they tied unto it a lace of blue, to fasten it on high upon the mitre; as the LORD commanded Moses.

In this account of the making of the priests' garments, according to the instructions given (ch. 28), we may observe, 1. That the priests' garments are called here clothes of service, Exo 39:1. Note, Those that wear robes of honour must look upon them as clothes of service; for from those upon whom honour is put service is expected. It is said of those that are arrayed in white robes that they are before the throne of God, and serve him day and night in his temple, Rev 7:13, Rev 7:15. Holy garments were not made for men to sleep in, or to strut in, but to do service in; and then they are indeed for glory and beauty. The Son of man himself came not to be ministered unto, but to minister. 2. That all the six paragraphs here, which give a distinct account of the making of these holy garments, conclude with those words, as the Lord commanded Moses, Exo 39:5, Exo 39:7, Exo 39:21, Exo 39:26, Exo 39:29, Exo 39:31. The like is not in any of the foregoing accounts, as if in these, more than any other of the appurtenances of the tabernacle, they had a particular regard to the divine appointment, both for warrant and for direction. It is an intimation to all the Lord's ministers to make the word of God their rule in all their ministrations, and to act in observance of and obedience to the command of God. 3. That these garments, in conformity to the rest of the furniture of the tabernacle, were very rich and splendid; the church in its infancy was thus taught, thus pleased, with the rudiments of this world; but now under the gospel, which is the ministration of the Spirit, to affect and impose such pompous habits as the church of Rome does, under pretence of decency and instruction, is to betray the liberty wherewith Christ has made us free, and to entangle the church again in the bondage of those carnal ordinances which were imposed only till the time of reformation. 4. That they were all shadows of good things to come, but the substance is Christ, and the grace of the gospel; when therefore the substance has come, it is a jest to be fond of the shadow. (1.) Christ is our great high-priest; when he undertook the work of our redemption, he put on the clothes of service - he arrayed himself with the gifts and graces of the Spirit, which he received not by measure - girded himself with the curious girdle of resolution, to go through with his undertaking - charged himself with the curious girdle of resolution, to go through with his undertaking - charged himself with all God's spiritual Israel, bore them on his shoulders, carried them in his bosom, laid them near his heart, engraved them on the palms of his hands, and presented them in the breast-plate of judgment unto his Father. And (lastly) he crowned himself with holiness to the Lord, consecrating his whole undertaking to the honour of his Father's holiness: now consider how great this man is. (2.) True believers are spiritual priests. The clean linen with which all their clothes of service must be made is the righteousness of saints (Rev 19:8), and Holiness to the Lord must be so written upon their foreheads that all who converse with them may see, and say, that they bear the image of God's holiness, and are devoted to the praise of it.

Matthew Henry (1662–1714) — Commentary on the Whole Bible. This section covers verses 1–31. Public domain.

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Source: Quotations drawn from early Church Fathers and historical Christian theologians (AD 100–1500). Some quotes address the surrounding passage context rather than this verse alone.

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