Esther 5:9

¶ Then went Haman forth that day joyful and with a glad heart: but when Haman saw Mordecai in the king's gate, that he stood not up, nor moved for him, he was full of indignation against Mordecai.

Then went {H3318} Haman {H2001} forth {H3318} that day {H3117} joyful {H8056} and with a glad {H2896} heart {H3820}: but when Haman {H2001} saw {H7200} Mordecai {H4782} in the king's {H4428} gate {H8179}, that he stood not up {H6965}, nor moved {H2111} for him, he {H2001} was full {H4390} of indignation {H2534} against Mordecai {H4782}.

That day Haman went out happy and in good spirits. But when Haman saw Mordekhai at the King's Gate, that he neither rose nor moved for him, Haman was infuriated with Mordekhai.

That day Haman went out full of joy and glad of heart. At the king’s gate, however, he saw Mordecai, who did not rise or tremble in fear at his presence. And Haman was filled with rage toward Mordecai.

Then went Haman forth that day joyful and glad of heart: but when Haman saw Mordecai in the king’s gate, that he stood not up nor moved for him, he was filled with wrath against Mordecai.

Commentary

Context of Esther 5:9

This verse immediately follows Queen Esther's first banquet for King Ahasuerus and Haman. Haman, the king's chief minister, had just been granted an extraordinary honor: a private invitation to a second, exclusive banquet with the King and Queen. This unprecedented favor filled him with immense joy and a sense of triumph. However, his elated mood was abruptly shattered upon encountering Mordecai at the king's gate.

Mordecai, a Jew, had previously refused to bow or pay homage to Haman, a matter of deep conviction for him (Esther 3:2). This long-standing defiance had already fueled Haman's rage to the point where he devised a genocidal plot to annihilate all Jews in the Persian Empire, not just Mordecai (Esther 3:6). The "king's gate" was a public and prominent place, making Mordecai's continued refusal a very public slight in Haman's eyes.

Key Themes

  • The Fragility of Pride-Based Joy: Haman's happiness was entirely dependent on external validation and the perceived respect of others. A single, unresolved grievance quickly overshadowed all his blessings and honors, revealing the shallow nature of his joy.
  • Unbridled Indignation: The verse powerfully illustrates how quickly Haman's delight turned into intense, consuming anger. His inability to tolerate even the slightest perceived disrespect highlights a character flaw that would ultimately lead to his downfall.
  • The Clash of Wills: This verse underscores the fundamental conflict between Haman's overweening pride and Mordecai's steadfast refusal to compromise his principles, setting the stage for the dramatic events that follow in the book of Esther.
  • Foreshadowing of Downfall: Haman's immediate shift from joy to fury over Mordecai's defiance directly propels him to hasten his plans for Mordecai's execution, which ironically becomes the very means of his own ruin. This serves as a classic example of pride preceding a fall.

Linguistic Insights

The KJV phrase "joyful and with a glad heart" uses two terms that emphasize Haman's initial state of extreme contentment and satisfaction. However, this quickly contrasts with "full of indignation." The Hebrew word for "indignation" here is chemah (חֵמָה), a strong term that denotes intense, fierce anger, often boiling wrath or fury. It's not merely annoyance but a deep-seated, passionate rage. This word is frequently used in the Old Testament to describe God's fierce wrath, highlighting the destructive and all-consuming nature of Haman's emotion.

Practical Application

Esther 5:9 offers timeless lessons:

  1. Beware of Unchecked Pride: Haman's story is a stark warning about how pride can blind us to our blessings and destroy our peace. When our happiness depends on others' deference or our perceived status, it becomes vulnerable to the smallest slight.
  2. The Destructive Power of Bitterness: Haman allowed one man's actions to overshadow his greatest triumph. Holding onto anger and resentment can consume our joy and lead us down destructive paths, regardless of how many good things we have in our lives.
  3. Humility as a Virtue: The narrative implicitly contrasts Haman's pride with Mordecai's principled stand, suggesting that true strength and inner peace come not from external validation but from integrity and humility.
  4. God's Orchestration: Even in moments of intense human emotion and conflict, the larger narrative of Esther reveals God's providential hand at work, subtly guiding events to protect His people and bring justice, often through the very schemes intended for harm. This echoes the truth that the hearts of kings and powerful individuals are ultimately in the Lord's hand.
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Cross-References

  • Esther 3:5

    And when Haman saw that Mordecai bowed not, nor did him reverence, then was Haman full of wrath.

  • Matthew 2:16

    ¶ Then Herod, when he saw that he was mocked of the wise men, was exceeding wroth, and sent forth, and slew all the children that were in Bethlehem, and in all the coasts thereof, from two years old and under, according to the time which he had diligently enquired of the wise men.

  • 1 Kings 21:4

    And Ahab came into his house heavy and displeased because of the word which Naboth the Jezreelite had spoken to him: for he had said, I will not give thee the inheritance of my fathers. And he laid him down upon his bed, and turned away his face, and would eat no bread.

  • Esther 3:2

    And all the king's servants, that [were] in the king's gate, bowed, and reverenced Haman: for the king had so commanded concerning him. But Mordecai bowed not, nor did [him] reverence.

  • John 16:20

    Verily, verily, I say unto you, That ye shall weep and lament, but the world shall rejoice: and ye shall be sorrowful, but your sorrow shall be turned into joy.

  • James 4:9

    Be afflicted, and mourn, and weep: let your laughter be turned to mourning, and [your] joy to heaviness.

  • Job 31:31

    If the men of my tabernacle said not, Oh that we had of his flesh! we cannot be satisfied.