1 Kings 6:9

KJV

So he built the house, and finished it; and covered the house with beams and boards of cedar.

KJV (with Strong's)

So he built {H1129} the house {H1004}, and finished {H3615} it; and covered {H5603} the house {H1004} with beams {H1356} and boards {H7713} of cedar {H730}.

Complete Jewish Bible

So he built the house, and after finishing it, he put its roof on - cedar planks over beams.

Berean Standard Bible

So Solomon built the temple and finished it, roofing it with beams and planks of cedar.

American Standard Version

So he built the house, and finished it; and he covered the house with beams and planks of cedar.

Commentary

### SUMMARY
1 Kings 6:9 marks a pivotal moment in the construction of Solomon's Temple, signifying the successful completion of its primary structural framework. This verse highlights King Solomon's meticulous diligence and the successful execution of this monumental task, emphasizing that the "house" was not merely erected but brought to a thorough and complete state. The specific mention of "beams and boards of cedar" underscores the use of premium, costly, and durable materials, reflecting a profound commitment to excellence and sacredness in the construction of God's dwelling place on earth.

### CONTEXT
* **Literary Context:** This verse is intricately woven into the highly detailed narrative of the Temple's construction, which commences at the beginning of [1 Kings 6](/1_kings/6 "1 Kings 6 - Construction of Solomon's Temple") and extends into [1 Kings 7](/1_kings/7 "1 Kings 7 - Solomon's Palace and Temple Furnishings"). The preceding verses, particularly [1 Kings 6:1-8](/1_kings/6-1-8 "1 Kings 6:1-8 - Temple Dimensions and Building Process"), meticulously describe the initiation of the work, the precise architectural dimensions, and the unique building methodology that ensured no sound of iron tools was heard on site. Verse 9 serves as a crucial transition point, marking the completion of the main structural shell and setting the stage for the intricate interior finishing and ornamentation, which are elaborately detailed in subsequent passages like [1 Kings 6:14-36](/1_kings/6-14-36 "1 Kings 6:14-36 - Interior Details of the Temple"). It signifies the successful conclusion of the foundational construction phase, paving the way for the Temple's interior beauty and sacred furnishings.
* **Historical & Cultural Context:** Solomon's Temple represented the pinnacle of Israelite architecture, engineering, and religious devotion, serving as the permanent dwelling place for the Ark of the Covenant and the visible center of the nation's worship. Its construction occurred during a period of unprecedented peace, prosperity, and international influence for Israel under Solomon's reign, as described in [1 Kings 4:20-25](/1_kings/4-20-25 "1 Kings 4:20-25 - Prosperity Under Solomon"). The undertaking was colossal, demanding immense resources, highly skilled labor, and significant international collaboration. The explicit mention of "cedar" is a critical detail, as cedar of Lebanon was the most prized and expensive timber in the ancient Near East, renowned for its exceptional durability, aromatic qualities, and majestic beauty. Its importation from Tyre, facilitated by the strategic alliance with King Hiram as detailed in [1 Kings 5:1-12](/1_kings/5-1-12 "1 Kings 5:1-12 - Solomon's Alliance with Hiram for Temple Materials"), underscores the immense cost, logistical complexity, and the international prestige associated with building a structure deemed worthy of the Lord God.
* **Key Themes:** The construction of the Temple, particularly its structural completion highlighted in [1 Kings 6:9](/1_kings/6-9 "1 Kings 6:9 - Completion of the Temple Structure"), powerfully illustrates several enduring theological and narrative themes. Firstly, it exemplifies the theme of **Divine Mandate and Human Obedience**, as Solomon faithfully and meticulously executes the detailed plans for the Temple that God had revealed to his father, David (see [1 Chronicles 28:11-19](/1_chronicles/28-11-19 "1 Chronicles 28:11-19 - David's Plans for the Temple")). Secondly, the meticulous attention to detail and the deliberate use of the finest materials, especially "cedar," powerfully convey the theme of **Excellence in Worship and Service**. Only the absolute best was considered suitable for God's sacred dwelling, symbolizing profound reverence, honor, and devotion to the Almighty. Thirdly, the phrase "finished it" underscores the critical theme of **Diligence and Completion** in God's work. It is a testament to Solomon's unwavering commitment to seeing this monumental, divinely-inspired project through to its intended and perfect conclusion, a principle echoed in later biblical calls to persevere in faith and service (e.g., [Philippians 1:6](/philippians/1-6 "Philippians 1:6 - God Completes His Work")).

### EXPOSITION AND ANALYSIS
#### Key Word Analysis
* **finished (Hebrew, _kâlâh'_):** This primitive root signifies bringing something to an end, completing, or consuming. In the context of 1 Kings 6:9, it implies not merely the cessation of work, but the comprehensive and qualitative completion of the Temple's main structure. It denotes that the building was brought to its intended, thorough conclusion, fully erected and structurally sound, ready for the subsequent stages of interior work. The use of _kâlâh_ here emphasizes Solomon's diligence, the successful fulfillment of the building's primary phase, and the high standard to which the work was executed.
* **cedar (Hebrew, _ʼerez'_):** Derived from a root meaning "to be firm" or "to be strong," this term specifically refers to the cedar of Lebanon, a highly esteemed and valuable timber in the ancient world. It was prized for its strength, resistance to decay, beautiful grain, and fragrant aroma. Its extensive use for the Temple's roof and interior lining (as seen in later verses) was a clear statement of opulence, permanence, and sacredness. Cedar was considered a royal and divine material, distinguishing the Temple as a structure of unparalleled importance, quality, and enduring beauty, far surpassing common buildings.

#### Verse Breakdown
* **"So he built the house, and finished it;":** This clause succinctly states King Solomon's primary action and its successful outcome. "The house" unequivocally refers to the Temple, the central edifice dedicated to the Lord. The combined phrase "built... and finished it" highlights Solomon's active and diligent role as the divinely appointed executor of the building project. It emphasizes both the arduous process of construction (building) and the triumphant achievement of its complete and thorough realization (finishing). This signifies a major structural milestone, indicating that the main shell of the Temple was fully erected, structurally sound, and meticulously brought to its intended state of completion.
* **"and covered the house with beams and boards of cedar.":** This second clause provides crucial specific details about the roofing and ceiling materials. "Beams" (Hebrew: _gêb_) refers to the robust, load-bearing timbers that spanned the width of the building, forming the primary support for the roof structure. "Boards" (Hebrew: _sᵉdêrâh_) likely refers to the planks or panels used to cover these beams, forming the ceiling and the underlying surface of the roof. The explicit mention of "cedar" underscores the luxurious, durable, and aromatic nature of these materials. This choice of premium timber signifies the Temple's grandeur, its sacred purpose, and the profound reverence with which it was constructed, as only the finest and most enduring resources were dedicated to God's dwelling place.

#### Literary Devices
The verse employs several effective literary devices to convey its profound message. **Conciseness** is evident in its brief yet impactful declaration of a major architectural achievement, conveying a sense of efficient, purposeful action and the magnitude of the task completed. The **repetition** of "the house" (Hebrew: _bayith_) emphasizes the singular focus and paramount importance of the Temple as the object of Solomon's labor and the narrative's central attention. Most significantly, **Symbolism** is powerfully at play through the mention of "cedar." Cedar wood is not merely a building material; it symbolizes permanence, strength, beauty, incorruptibility, and the highest quality. Its inclusion underscores the sacredness and the unparalleled value placed upon God's dwelling place, reflecting a commitment to offering the very best to the Divine. The act of "finishing" the house itself can also be seen as a symbol of God's faithfulness in enabling His purposes to be brought to fruition through human effort and diligence.

### THEOLOGICAL AND THEMATIC CONNECTIONS
The completion of the Temple's structural shell with "beams and boards of cedar" carries profound theological weight, extending beyond a mere architectural report. It speaks to the enduring principle that God's work, when undertaken by His people, deserves the utmost diligence, excellence, and dedication. Just as Solomon spared no expense or effort in constructing a physical dwelling worthy of God's manifest presence, so too are believers called to offer their "best" in every aspect of their lives, whether in worship, service, or daily conduct. This commitment to excellence is not about human glory or ostentation, but about honoring the God who is Himself perfect, holy, and worthy of ultimate devotion and the highest quality of offering. The Temple, though a physical structure, was a tangible expression of God's desire to dwell among His people, a profound theme that resonates throughout biblical history, from the wilderness Tabernacle to the Incarnation of Christ, and ultimately to the promise of the New Heavens and New Earth where God will dwell eternally with His redeemed.

* [Exodus 25:8](/exodus/25-8 "Exodus 25:8 - Command to Build the Tabernacle") - God's initial command for a sanctuary, setting the precedent for a dwelling place among His people.
* [2 Chronicles 7:1](/2_chronicles/7-1 "2 Chronicles 7:1 - God's Glory Fills the Temple") - Describes God's acceptance and the dramatic filling of the completed Temple with His glory, signifying His divine presence.
* [Haggai 2:3](/haggai/2-3 "Haggai 2:3 - Comparison of the Temples") - A later prophetic reflection on the unparalleled glory and magnificence of the first Temple, underscoring its impressive and divinely ordained nature.

### REFLECTION AND APPLICATION
The meticulous effort and the deliberate use of premium materials in the construction of Solomon's Temple, culminating in its structural completion as described in 1 Kings 6:9, offer timeless and profound lessons for contemporary believers. This passage challenges us to deeply consider the quality and integrity of our own "building" efforts in the spiritual realm. Are we approaching our service to God, our personal spiritual disciplines, our relationships, and our daily vocations with the same diligence, excellence, and commitment to completion that Solomon demonstrated in this sacred task? Just as the Temple was built with the finest cedar, we are called to offer God our "best"—our consecrated time, our unique talents, our material resources, and our sincere, undivided devotion—not merely what is convenient, leftover, or half-hearted. This verse serves as a powerful reminder that true worship extends far beyond formal religious services, permeating every area of life. It urges us to pursue integrity, thoroughness, and a spirit of excellence in all that we do for the Lord, recognizing that our very lives, as temples where God's Spirit dwells, are meant to reflect His glory and worthiness.

#### Questions for Reflection
* **In what specific areas of your life are you called to demonstrate diligence, thoroughness, and completion, mirroring Solomon's effort in building the Temple?**
* **How does the use of "cedar" in the Temple's construction challenge you to offer your "best"—your most precious resources, time, and talents—to God in your worship, service, and daily living?**
* **Considering that God now dwells not in a physical temple but within His people through the Holy Spirit, what does it mean for you personally to be a "temple" of the Holy Spirit, and how should that profound truth impact your choices, actions, and character?**

### FAQ
**Why was cedar wood so important for the Temple?**

Answer: Cedar wood, particularly from Lebanon, was of paramount importance for the Temple due to a confluence of historical, cultural, and theological factors. Historically and culturally, it was universally recognized as the most prized, luxurious, and expensive timber in the ancient Near East, signifying wealth, permanence, and royal status. Its natural properties—exceptional durability, inherent resistance to decay and insects, and a pleasant, enduring aroma—made it an ideal building material for a structure intended to last for centuries and house the sacred presence of God. Theologically, the deliberate use of such a superior and costly material for the "house" of God profoundly underscored the Israelites' deep reverence, honor, and unwavering commitment to offering the absolute best to the Lord. It was a tangible and visible expression of their devotion, emphasizing the Temple's unique sacredness and its status as the central dwelling place for God's presence among His people, a concept rooted in God's initial command for the Tabernacle (e.g., [Exodus 25:8](/exodus/25-8 "Exodus 25:8 - Command to Build a Sanctuary")).

**What does "finished it" imply beyond simple completion?**

Answer: The phrase "finished it" (Hebrew: _kâlâh_) in 1 Kings 6:9 implies far more than merely ceasing work or reaching a stopping point. It conveys a profound sense of thoroughness, perfection, and the successful culmination of a complex and divinely mandated project according to its precise, intended design. It signifies that the main structural work of the Temple was not only brought to an end but was completed to its proper, fully established, and structurally sound state, ready for the subsequent phases of interior decoration, furnishing, and consecration. This emphasizes that Solomon's efforts were marked by exceptional diligence, precision, and an unwavering commitment to quality, ensuring that the foundational and structural integrity of God's house was fully established and meticulously met the divine specifications given to David (e.g., [1 Chronicles 28:11-19](/1_chronicles/28-11-19 "1 Chronicles 28:11-19 - David's Detailed Plans for the Temple")). It speaks to the high standard of dedication and excellence involved in the sacred work, not just its conclusion.

### CHRIST-CENTERED FULFILLMENT
While 1 Kings 6:9 meticulously describes the completion of a magnificent physical structure, its ultimate Christ-centered fulfillment points to a far greater and more enduring reality: Jesus Christ Himself as the ultimate and perfect Temple. The earthly Temple, built with the finest cedar and meticulous care, served as a profound foreshadowing of God's eternal desire to dwell intimately among His people, a desire perfectly and fully realized in the person of Jesus. As the Incarnate Word, Jesus "tabernacled" among us (as powerfully stated in [John 1:14](/john/1-14 "John 1:14 - The Word Became Flesh")), embodying the very presence, glory, and truth of God in human form. He boldly declared, "Destroy this temple, and in three days I will raise it up," speaking not of the physical edifice, but of the temple of His own body ([John 2:19-21](/john/2-19-21 "John 2:19-21 - Jesus Predicts His Resurrection")). Through His sacrificial death and triumphant resurrection, Christ established a new and living way to God, becoming the true and better Temple, the perfect place where humanity can truly encounter the divine, access God's presence, and find reconciliation. Furthermore, through the indwelling Holy Spirit, believers are now living stones, being built into a spiritual house, with Christ as the indispensable cornerstone ([1 Peter 2:5](/1_peter/2-5 "1 Peter 2:5 - Living Stones, Spiritual House"); [Ephesians 2:21-22](/ephesians/2-21-22 "Ephesians 2:21-22 - Christ as the Cornerstone, Growing into a Holy Temple")), thereby fulfilling God's ultimate purpose to dwell not in buildings made with human hands, but in the hearts and lives of His redeemed people, the Church. The diligence and excellence exemplified in building the physical Temple thus powerfully prefigure the perfect, completed work of Christ in establishing His Church, the spiritual dwelling place of God for all eternity.

Note: Commentary is generated by AI with a directive for Biblical fidelity. Always rely on the Holy Spirit for discernment. The Scripture text and cross-references are from verified, non-AI sources.

Cross-References

1 Kings 6:14

So Solomon built the house, and finished it.

1 Kings 6:38

And in the eleventh year, in the month Bul, which [is] the eighth month, was the house finished throughout all the parts thereof, and according to all the fashion of it. So was he seven years in building it.