1 Chronicles 4:39

KJV

And they went to the entrance of Gedor, [even] unto the east side of the valley, to seek pasture for their flocks.

KJV (with Strong's)

And they went {H3212} to the entrance {H3996} of Gedor {H1446}, even unto the east side {H4217} of the valley {H1516}, to seek {H1245} pasture {H4829} for their flocks {H6629}.

Complete Jewish Bible

Seeking pasture for their flocks they went to the entrance of Geder, as far as the east side of the valley.

Berean Standard Bible

and they journeyed to the entrance of Gedor, to the east side of the valley, in search of pasture for their flocks.

American Standard Version

And they went to the entrance of Gedor, even unto the east side of the valley, to seek pasture for their flocks.

Commentary

### SUMMARY
1 Chronicles 4:39 describes a significant movement of certain Simeonite families who, facing the practical realities of population growth and limited resources in their inherited territory, embarked on an expedition. Their journey led them to "the entrance of Gedor, [even] unto the east side of the valley," a specific location chosen for its suitability as grazing land. This brief narrative within the broader Simeonite genealogy highlights the tribe's proactive efforts to secure vital sustenance for their burgeoning flocks, underscoring the constant need for provision and diligent resource management in ancient Israelite society.

### CONTEXT
* **Literary Context:** This verse is embedded within the extensive genealogies of 1 Chronicles, specifically within the detailed account of the tribe of Simeon (1 Chronicles 4:24-43). While much of Chronicles consists of lists of names, interspersed within these genealogies are brief, insightful narratives that provide crucial historical and social context. Verses 38-41, which include this verse, form one such narrative segment, detailing the expansion and conquest activities of a specific group of Simeonites. This particular passage explains *why* they expanded, setting the stage for their subsequent military actions described in 1 Chronicles 4:40-41. It demonstrates that the Chronicler was not merely listing names but was concerned with the practical realities and divine orchestration of Israel's tribal history.
* **Historical & Cultural Context:** The tribe of Simeon was originally allotted territory within the larger tribal inheritance of Judah, as detailed in [Joshua 19:1-9](/joshua/19-1 "Joshua 19:1-9 - Simeon's Tribal Inheritance"). This arrangement meant Simeon's land was not contiguous or expansive, potentially leading to resource constraints as their population grew. In ancient Israel, wealth and sustenance were intrinsically linked to agricultural output and, crucially, to livestock. Flocks provided food, clothing, and economic stability. The need for sufficient pasture was therefore a matter of survival and prosperity. The mention of "Gedor" and "the east side of the valley" suggests a specific geographical pursuit, indicating that these Simeonites were actively scouting for fertile, unexploited grazing lands, possibly in areas less populated or previously unutilized, reflecting the semi-nomadic aspects of their livelihood.
* **Key Themes:** The primary theme is **Provision and Sustenance**, highlighting the fundamental human and communal need for resources to survive and thrive. The Simeonites' journey underscores the importance of diligent work and proactive seeking in providing for one's household and community, echoing the broader biblical emphasis on God's provision alongside human responsibility, as seen in passages like [Psalm 23:1](/psalms/23-1 "Psalm 23:1 - The Lord is My Shepherd, I Shall Not Want"). Another key theme is **Territorial Expansion and Resource Management**. As tribes grew, the pressure on existing resources necessitated strategic decisions regarding land use and expansion. This narrative illustrates the dynamic nature of tribal boundaries and the necessity of adapting to changing demographics. Finally, the verse contributes to the theme of **Historical Detail within Genealogy**, demonstrating that even within seemingly dry lists, the Chronicler preserves vital glimpses into the specific experiences, challenges, and determination of the Israelite tribes, reinforcing their unique historical trajectories and their commitment to securing their future and well-being under God's overarching plan.

### EXPOSITION AND ANALYSIS

#### Key Word Analysis
* **Gedor (Hebrew, _Gedor'_):** This refers to a specific geographical location. While its exact modern identification is debated, it was likely situated in the southern part of Judah or Simeon's territory, possibly near the Shephelah or the Negev. The mention of "the entrance of Gedor" suggests a strategic point, perhaps a pass or a well-known gateway to a region, implying a deliberate and targeted search for suitable land.
* **Pasture (Hebrew, _mir`eh'_):** Derived from the verb meaning "to graze," this word directly refers to the grazing land or pasturage for livestock. It signifies the essential resource for animal husbandry and, by extension, the economic well-being and survival of the community. The search for _mir`eh_ was a primary driver for tribal movements in ancient times.
* **Flocks (Hebrew, _tso'n_):** This term refers collectively to sheep and goats, which constituted the primary form of wealth and sustenance for many ancient Near Eastern peoples, including the Israelites. The prosperity and growth of a family or tribe were directly tied to the health and size of their flocks. The Simeonites' concern for their _tso'n_ highlights their economic priorities and their commitment to ensuring their livelihood.

#### Verse Breakdown
* **"And they went to the entrance of Gedor":** This clause describes the initiation of the Simeonites' journey and their specific destination. The verb "went" (וַיֵּלְכוּ, _vayyel'khu_) indicates an intentional, purposeful movement. "The entrance of Gedor" implies a known landmark or a strategic point of access to a region that was perceived as having potential for their needs.
* **"[even] unto the east side of the valley":** This phrase further specifies the exact location within the broader vicinity of Gedor. The "valley" (גַּיְא, _gay'_) likely refers to a wadi or a low-lying area, which would typically retain moisture longer than surrounding hills, making it more suitable for grazing, especially on its eastern, sun-exposed slopes. This detail underscores the precision and practical knowledge involved in their search for optimal grazing conditions.
* **"to seek pasture for their flocks":** This final clause explicitly states the clear and singular purpose of their expedition. The infinitive "to seek" (לְבַקֵּשׁ, _levaqqesh_) emphasizes the active and diligent nature of their quest. Their motivation was not conquest for its own sake, but the fundamental economic necessity of finding adequate grazing land for their growing number of sheep and goats, which were the foundation of their livelihood.

#### Literary Devices
The Chronicler employs **Narrative Insertion** within a predominantly genealogical list, transforming what could be a dry enumeration of names into a vivid glimpse of tribal life. This concise account functions almost as a miniature story, providing context and motivation for the Simeonites' actions. The use of **Economical Language** is evident, as a significant historical and practical event is conveyed in a single, information-rich verse. Despite its brevity, the verse is packed with details about location, purpose, and the underlying socio-economic drivers. Furthermore, the "flocks" can be seen as a form of **Symbolism**, representing not just animals, but the very livelihood, prosperity, and future of the Simeonite families. Their search for pasture thus symbolizes the broader human endeavor to secure sustenance and a future for one's descendants.

### THEOLOGICAL AND THEMATIC CONNECTIONS
The Simeonites' diligent search for pasture for their flocks, while a practical necessity, resonates with deeper theological truths about God's provision and human responsibility. It illustrates that even in the mundane tasks of life—like finding food for animals—there is an interplay between human effort and divine enablement. The narrative implicitly acknowledges that God is the ultimate provider, even as His people are called to be diligent stewards of the resources He has given them. This proactive seeking for sustenance mirrors the spiritual journey of seeking God's kingdom and righteousness, trusting that all necessary things will be added. It reminds us that God often works through human diligence and foresight, guiding His people to places of blessing and abundance, whether physical or spiritual.

* [Genesis 13:5-7](/genesis/13-5 "Genesis 13:5-7 - Abraham and Lot's Herds and Strife")
* [Psalm 23:1](/psalms/23-1 "Psalm 23:1 - The Lord is My Shepherd, I Shall Not Want")
* [Matthew 6:33](/matthew/6-33 "Matthew 6:33 - Seek First the Kingdom of God")

### REFLECTION AND APPLICATION
The ancient journey of the Simeonites to find pasture for their flocks offers a timeless lesson for believers today. We, too, are constantly "seeking pasture" in various aspects of our lives—whether it's for financial stability, emotional well-being, intellectual growth, or spiritual nourishment. This verse encourages a proactive and diligent approach to life's challenges, reminding us that while we trust in God's provision, we are also called to exercise wisdom, foresight, and hard work. Just as the Simeonites identified a need and ventured into new territory, we may be called to step out in faith, explore new opportunities, or adapt our strategies when faced with scarcity or new circumstances. This pursuit of growth and well-being, both physically and spiritually, is a continuous journey that requires both dependence on God and responsible action on our part. It prompts us to consider where we are currently seeking sustenance and how we are stewarding the resources and opportunities God has placed before us.

#### Questions for Reflection
* **Where are you currently "seeking pasture" in your life, whether for physical, emotional, or spiritual needs?**
* **How does this verse encourage both diligent human effort and trust in divine provision?**
* **In what ways might God be calling you to expand your "territory" or adapt your approach in faith, even if it means venturing into unfamiliar "valleys"?**

### FAQ

**Why are these small narratives, like the Simeonites' journey, included in genealogies in Chronicles?**

Answer: The Chronicler's genealogies are not mere lists; they serve a theological and historical purpose. These brief narratives provide vital context, illustrating the practical realities of tribal life, demonstrating God's ongoing involvement in the history of His people, and highlighting specific instances of their faithfulness, challenges, or divine blessing. They transform abstract names into living history, showing the ebb and flow of Israel's journey and God's faithfulness through it all.

**What does "Gedor" signify in this context, and why is its mention important?**

Answer: "Gedor" is a specific geographical location, likely known for its potential as grazing land. Its mention signifies that the Simeonites' search was not random but a targeted, strategic endeavor based on their knowledge of the land and its resources. It underscores the practical, economic motivation behind their movement and highlights their diligence in identifying and pursuing suitable areas for their livelihood.

**Does this story have spiritual meaning beyond practical provision?**

Answer: Yes, while primarily a historical account of practical provision, it carries spiritual resonance. It illustrates the universal human need for sustenance and the diligent pursuit required to obtain it. Spiritually, it can be seen as an analogy for seeking God's kingdom and righteousness, knowing that He is the ultimate provider of all our needs, both physical and spiritual. Just as the Simeonites sought physical pasture, believers are called to diligently seek the "green pastures" of God's Word and presence for spiritual nourishment, trusting in the Good Shepherd to lead them.

### CHRIST-CENTERED FULFILLMENT
The Simeonites' diligent search for pasture for their flocks, a quest for life-sustaining provision, finds its ultimate fulfillment in Jesus Christ. He is the [Good Shepherd](/john/10-11 "John 10:11 - Jesus, the Good Shepherd") who leads His sheep to true and abundant pasture. While the Simeonites sought physical sustenance for their animals, Jesus offers spiritual sustenance for our souls, declaring, "[I am the door; if anyone enters through Me, he will be saved, and will go in and out and find pasture](/john/10-9 "John 10:9 - Jesus, the Gate for the Sheep")". He provides not merely temporary relief but eternal life and spiritual nourishment that truly satisfies. The "rest" found in the fertile valleys of Gedor for the Simeonites' flocks foreshadows the ultimate rest and peace that Jesus offers to those who are weary and burdened, inviting them to "[Come to Me, all who are weary and heavy-laden, and I will give you rest](/matthew/11-28 "Matthew 11:28-30 - Jesus' Invitation to Rest")". Through Him, we find the "green pastures" of eternal life and the abundant provision for every need, culminating in the [sabbath rest that remains for the people of God](/hebrews/4-9 "Hebrews 4:9 - The Sabbath Rest for God's People").

Note: Commentary is generated by AI with a directive for Biblical fidelity. Always rely on the Holy Spirit for discernment. The Scripture text and cross-references are from verified, non-AI sources.

Cross-References

Joshua 15:58

Halhul, Bethzur, and Gedor,

1 Chronicles 4:4

And Penuel the father of Gedor, and Ezer the father of Hushah. These [are] the sons of Hur, the firstborn of Ephratah, the father of Bethlehem.

1 Chronicles 4:18

And his wife Jehudijah bare Jered the father of Gedor, and Heber the father of Socho, and Jekuthiel the father of Zanoah. And these [are] the sons of Bithiah the daughter of Pharaoh, which Mered took.

Joshua 12:13

The king of Debir, one; the king of Geder, one;