נָסַס

Core Meaning & Semantic Range

The Hebrew word nâçaç, represented by H5263, is a primitive root defined as to wane, i.e. be sick; faint. This word is exceptionally rare, appearing only 1 time in 1 unique verse in the entire Bible. In its sole biblical appearance, it is part of a powerful simile and is translated as "standardbearer," connecting its root meaning of sickness and fainting to the image of a collapsing figure of strength.

Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis

The single use of H5263 occurs in a prophecy of divine judgment in Isaiah 10:18. The verse describes the complete destruction of an enemy's glory, stating it will be so thorough that "they shall be as when a standardbearer H5263 fainteth H4549." This imagery conveys a total collapse, affecting both "soul and body." The use of H5263 here creates a picture of a figure who should be a symbol of strength and a rallying point instead succumbing to an internal sickness or weakness, leading to utter defeat.

Related Words & Concepts

Several related words help illuminate the concept of fainting and consumption associated with H5263:

• H4549 mâçaç (to liquefy; figuratively, to waste (with disease), to faint (with fatigue, fear or grief); discourage, faint, be loosed, melt (away), refuse, [idiom] utterly): This word appears alongside H5263 in Isaiah 10:18. It vividly describes a state of collapse caused by fear or judgment, as when the hearts of the Canaanites "melted" before Israel Joshua 2:11.
• H3615 kâlâh (a primitive root; to end... cease, consume (away), ... fail, faint, finish): This word shares the meaning of "faint" or "fail" and is used in the same verse to describe the "consuming" of the forest's glory Isaiah 10:18. It is also used to describe personal fainting, as in, "My flesh and my heart faileth" Psalms 73:26.

Theological Significance

The theological significance of H5263, though based on a single occurrence, is potent and clear.

• Total Judgment: The word contributes to a theme of absolute divine judgment. The collapse is not just external but internal, a complete failing of strength and spirit from the inside out, like a sickness.
• Collapse of Strength: By associating sickness and fainting with a "standardbearer," the text illustrates that no amount of human power or pride can withstand God's decreed judgment. Even the ultimate symbol of military might is reduced to a state of helpless failure.
• Figurative Fainting: Paired with words like H4549, H5263 highlights that the "fainting" is often a spiritual and emotional response to God's presence and power, where hearts "melt" and courage fails completely Joshua 5:1.

Summary

In summary, H5263 is a highly specific term whose meaning is almost entirely defined by its context in Isaiah. While its root denotes sickness and waning, its use as "standardbearer" in a simile of fainting creates a stark image of strength utterly undone. It serves as a powerful illustration of the totality of divine judgment, where all human might and morale decay and collapse as if stricken by a debilitating illness.