Proverbs 14:22

KJV

¶ Do they not err that devise evil? but mercy and truth [shall be] to them that devise good.

KJV (with Strong's)

Do they not err {H8582} that devise {H2790} evil {H7451}? but mercy {H2617} and truth {H571} shall be to them that devise {H2790} good {H2896}.

Complete Jewish Bible

Won't those who plot evil go astray? But grace and truth are for those who plan good.

Berean Standard Bible

Do not those who contrive evil go astray? But those who plan goodness find loving devotion and faithfulness.

American Standard Version

Do they not err that devise evil? But mercy and truth shall be to them that devise good.

Commentary

### SUMMARY
Proverbs 14:22 presents a profound antithesis concerning the moral trajectory and ultimate destiny of individuals based on their inner intentions. It declares that those who deliberately conceive or plot evil will inevitably stray from the path of wisdom and righteousness, encountering negative consequences. Conversely, the verse promises that "mercy and truth"—representing God's steadfast love, covenant loyalty, and unwavering faithfulness—will be the portion of those whose hearts and minds are inclined toward devising good. This proverb powerfully underscores the biblical principle that divine assessment extends beyond mere actions to scrutinize the very thoughts and purposes of the human heart, with corresponding outcomes.

### CONTEXT
* **Literary Context:** Proverbs 14:22 is situated within the collection of Solomon's proverbs (Proverbs 10:1-22:16), a section renowned for its extensive use of antithetical parallelism. This literary structure, which juxtaposes two contrasting ideas to illuminate a moral or theological truth, is perfectly exemplified here by setting the act of "devising evil" against "devising good" and their respective, diametrically opposed outcomes. The verse contributes to the overarching pedagogical goal of the book of Proverbs, which consistently delineates between the "way of the wise" and the "way of the fool," the righteous and the wicked. It functions as a concise, memorable maxim designed to impart practical wisdom for righteous living, demonstrating that alignment with God's wisdom leads to life and blessing, while deviation results in folly and ruin. This particular proverb emphasizes the crucial role of internal disposition—the heart's intentions—in determining one's ultimate path and experience of divine favor or judgment.
* **Historical & Cultural Context:** The book of Proverbs emerges from the ancient Near Eastern wisdom tradition, where sages and wise individuals played a pivotal role in educating the populace, particularly young men, in practical ethics, societal norms, and theological truths. In ancient Israel, wisdom was not merely intellectual acumen but a practical skill for navigating life successfully and righteously within the framework of God's covenant. The emphasis on "devising" (Hebrew *chârash*, meaning to plan or scheme) reflects a cultural understanding that intentions precede actions and that one's inner moral compass profoundly shapes one's destiny. The concepts of "mercy" (Hebrew *chêçêd*) and "truth" (Hebrew *ʼemeth*) were deeply rooted in the covenant relationship between God and Israel. *Chêçêd* signifies God's unwavering loyalty, steadfast love, and covenant faithfulness, while *ʼemeth* denotes His reliability, truthfulness, and consistency. To receive these attributes was to experience the very essence of God's benevolent character and covenant blessing in a tangible way within the community, signifying divine favor and protection.
* **Key Themes:** This proverb powerfully articulates several key themes pervasive throughout the wisdom literature and the broader biblical narrative. Firstly, it emphasizes the **Consequence of Intentions**, asserting that the moral quality of one's inner thoughts and plans directly impacts one's destiny. God is presented as one who discerns the heart, not just outward behavior, a truth echoed in passages like [1 Samuel 16:7](/1_samuel/16-7 "1 Samuel 16:7 - The Lord Looks at the Heart") and [Jeremiah 17:10](/jeremiah/17-10 "Jeremiah 17:10 - The Lord Searches the Heart"). Secondly, it highlights the principle of **Divine Justice and Retribution**, where moral deviation (devising evil) inevitably leads to "err"—a wandering or straying from the right path that results in negative consequences, whether social, personal, or divine judgment. This aligns with the broader biblical teaching that "what a man sows, that he will also reap" ([Galatians 6:7](/galatians/6-7 "Galatians 6:7 - Sowing and Reaping")). Conversely, the proverb affirms **God's Covenant Faithfulness and Blessing** for those who "devise good," promising them "mercy and truth." These divine attributes are cornerstones of God's character, signifying His steadfast love, loyalty, reliability, and benevolent provision, as beautifully portrayed in [Psalm 25:10](/psalms/25-10 "Psalm 25:10 - All the Paths of the Lord are Mercy and Truth") and throughout the Psalms.

### EXPOSITION AND ANALYSIS
#### Key Word Analysis
* **err (Hebrew, _tâʻâh'_):** From H8582, this verb means "to vacillate, i.e. reel or stray (literally or figuratively); also causative of both." In this context, it signifies more than a simple mistake; it denotes a profound moral deviation, a going astray from the path of wisdom, righteousness, and divine favor. Those who devise evil are depicted as morally disoriented, wandering off course, and by implication, suffering the negative, often self-destructive, consequences of such deviation. It implies a loss of direction and a departure from truth.
* **devise (Hebrew, _chârash'_):** From H2790, this primitive root means "to scratch, i.e. (by implication) to engrave, plough; hence (from the use of tools) to fabricate (of any material); figuratively, to devise (in a bad sense)." While it can mean to work, fabricate, or even be silent, in this context, especially when paired with "evil" (raʻ) or "good" (ṭôwb), it refers to the deliberate, often internal and premeditated, planning, plotting, or scheming of intentions. It emphasizes the intentionality and forethought behind one's moral choices, highlighting that the heart's hidden designs are known and judged by God.
* **mercy (Hebrew, _chêçêd'_):** From H2617, this rich theological term denotes "kindness; by implication (towards God) piety; rarely (by opposition) reproof, or (subject.) beauty; favour, good deed(-liness, -ness), kindly, (loving-) kindness, merciful (kindness), mercy, pity, reproach, wicked thing." It is most often translated as "steadfast love," "lovingkindness," or "covenant loyalty," representing God's deep, abiding commitment and benevolent action towards His people. Paired with "truth" (ʼemeth, H571, meaning stability, certainty, trustworthiness), *chêçêd* emphasizes the unwavering, faithful, and reliable character of God, which is extended as a tangible blessing to those who align their intentions with His will. Together, "mercy and truth" signify the full expression of God's covenant faithfulness and benevolence.

#### Verse Breakdown
* **"Do they not err that devise evil?"**: This opening clause is a rhetorical question, strongly implying an affirmative answer. It asserts that those who intentionally scheme, plan, or plot wickedness are inevitably led astray from the right path. Their moral compass becomes disoriented, and their actions, born from corrupt intentions, will lead to negative, often self-destructive, consequences. The "err" suggests not just a simple mistake, but a fundamental moral wandering or stumbling that results in a departure from divine wisdom and blessing.
* **"but mercy and truth [shall be] to them that devise good."**: This clause presents a powerful antithetical contrast, highlighting God's moral order. In stark opposition to the fate of the wicked, those who intentionally plan or scheme for good—whose inner motivations are righteous and benevolent—are promised "mercy and truth." This is not merely an abstract concept but a tangible blessing: the steadfast, loyal love and unwavering faithfulness of God will be their portion. This implies divine favor, protection, reliable provision, and the consistent fulfillment of God's promises in their lives, demonstrating His benevolent character towards those who seek to honor Him.

#### Literary Devices
The primary literary device employed in Proverbs 14:22 is **Antithetical Parallelism**. This structure is characteristic of Hebrew wisdom literature, where two contrasting lines or ideas are placed side-by-side to illuminate a moral truth. Here, "devising evil" and its consequence ("err") are set directly against "devising good" and its reward ("mercy and truth"). This sharp dichotomy emphasizes the clear moral choice presented and the distinct, opposing outcomes that follow, reinforcing the principle of divine justice. The verse also begins with a **Rhetorical Question** ("Do they not err...?"), which serves to engage the reader, underscore the self-evident nature of the truth being presented, and implicitly invite agreement. This technique adds persuasive force to the proverb, making its message more impactful and memorable by drawing the listener into the affirmation of its truth.

### THEOLOGICAL AND THEMATIC CONNECTIONS
Proverbs 14:22 profoundly connects to the broader biblical understanding of God's moral order and the supreme importance of the heart. It affirms that God is not only concerned with outward actions but also with the inner intentions and motivations from which those actions spring. This emphasis on the heart's disposition aligns with the prophetic critique of superficial religiosity (e.g., [Isaiah 29:13](/isaiah/29-13 "Isaiah 29:13 - Honoring God with Lips, Not Heart")) and the New Testament's teaching on the internal nature of righteousness, as articulated by Jesus in the Sermon on the Mount. The promise of "mercy and truth" to those who devise good highlights God's covenant faithfulness (*chesed* and *'emeth*) as the ultimate reward for a life lived in alignment with His will. These attributes are foundational to God's character and are consistently extended to those who walk in integrity, demonstrating that His blessings are not arbitrary but flow from His just and loving nature, upholding His covenant promises.

* [Psalm 85:10](/psalms/85-10 "Psalm 85:10 - Mercy and Truth Meet")
* [Proverbs 3:3](/proverbs/3-3 "Proverbs 3:3 - Do Not Let Mercy and Truth Forsake You")
* [Proverbs 16:3](/proverbs/16-3 "Proverbs 16:3 - Commit Your Works to the Lord")

### REFLECTION AND APPLICATION
This proverb serves as a powerful mirror, inviting us to deeply examine the hidden chambers of our hearts. It challenges us to consider not just the visible outcomes of our lives, but the very genesis of our thoughts and plans. Are our inner deliberations characterized by malice, self-interest, and a desire to harm, or by benevolence, integrity, and a genuine desire to do good for others and for God's glory? The assurance that "mercy and truth" will be with those who devise good is a profound comfort and motivation. It reminds us that God's steadfast love and faithfulness are not distant ideals but tangible realities for those whose lives are aligned with His righteous character. Cultivating a heart that consistently plans for good requires intentionality, self-awareness, and a reliance on the Holy Spirit to transform our desires. It means actively seeking God's will and allowing His wisdom to shape our innermost thoughts, trusting that His blessings will follow as we walk in integrity and pursue His purposes.

#### Questions for Reflection
* **What "evil" might I be devising, even subtly, in my thoughts or intentions towards others or in my approach to life?**
* **How can I intentionally cultivate a heart that "devises good" in my daily interactions and long-term planning?**
* **In what ways have I experienced God's "mercy and truth" as a result of seeking to do good, or conversely, the consequences of straying from His path?**
* **What practical steps can I take this week to align my inner thoughts and plans more closely with God's benevolent character and purposes?**

### FAQ
**Does "devise evil" refer only to grand schemes, or also to subtle, everyday intentions?**

Answer: The Hebrew word *chârash* (H2790) for "devise" can refer to any form of plotting or planning, from large-scale conspiracies to more subtle, internal intentions. In the context of Proverbs, which often deals with practical, everyday wisdom for living, it most certainly encompasses the subtle, everyday inclinations and motivations of the heart. The wisdom literature consistently emphasizes the internal disposition as the source of outward behavior. Jesus' teaching in the Sermon on the Mount, particularly regarding anger and lust in [Matthew 5:21-28](/matthew/5-21-28 "Matthew 5:21-28 - Murder and Adultery"), powerfully underscores that sin originates in the heart's intentions, not just outward actions. Therefore, "devising evil" includes any thought, plan, or desire that is contrary to God's righteous character, whether it manifests in a grand scheme or a fleeting, unrighteous thought.

### CHRIST-CENTERED FULFILLMENT
Proverbs 14:22 finds its ultimate and perfect fulfillment in Jesus Christ, who uniquely embodies the one who "devised good" and, in doing so, brought "mercy and truth" to humanity. While humanity consistently errs by devising evil, from the first sin in [Genesis 3](/genesis/3 "Genesis 3 - The Fall of Humanity") to the present day, Jesus lived a life of perfect righteousness, always doing the will of His Father ([John 6:38](/john/6-38 "John 6:38 - Jesus Does the Father's Will")). He came full of "grace and truth" (a direct parallel to "mercy and truth" in [John 1:14](/john/1-14 "John 1:14 - The Word Became Flesh")), embodying God's steadfast love and unwavering faithfulness in human form. His entire ministry, culminating in His sacrificial death on the cross, was a divine "devise good"—a plan conceived in eternal love to rescue humanity from the errant path of sin and reconcile them to God. Through His atoning work, the "mercy and truth" of God meet at the cross, where divine justice is satisfied and God's lovingkindness is poured out upon all who believe ([Romans 5:8](/romans/5-8 "Romans 5:8 - God's Love Demonstrated")). Believers, united with Christ, are now called to walk in His footsteps, empowered by the Holy Spirit to "devise good" and live lives that reflect the very mercy and truth they have received through Him ([Ephesians 2:10](/ephesians/2-10 "Ephesians 2:10 - Created for Good Works")).

Note: Commentary is generated by AI with a directive for Biblical fidelity. Always rely on the Holy Spirit for discernment. The Scripture text and cross-references are from verified, non-AI sources.

Cross-References

Proverbs 12:2

¶ A good [man] obtaineth favour of the LORD: but a man of wicked devices will he condemn.

John 1:17

For the law was given by Moses, [but] grace and truth came by Jesus Christ.

Psalms 61:7

He shall abide before God for ever: O prepare mercy and truth, [which] may preserve him.

2 Chronicles 6:8

But the LORD said to David my father, Forasmuch as it was in thine heart to build an house for my name, thou didst well in that it was in thine heart:

Proverbs 14:17

¶ [He that is] soon angry dealeth foolishly: and a man of wicked devices is hated.

Proverbs 3:29

Devise not evil against thy neighbour, seeing he dwelleth securely by thee.

Isaiah 32:7

The instruments also of the churl [are] evil: he deviseth wicked devices to destroy the poor with lying words, even when the needy speaketh right.