John 19:25

KJV

Now there stood by the cross of Jesus his mother, and his mother's sister, Mary the [wife] of Cleophas, and Mary Magdalene.

KJV (with Strong's)

Now {G1161} there stood {G2476} by {G3844} the cross {G4716} of Jesus {G2424} his {G846} mother {G3384}, and {G2532} his {G846} mother's {G3384} sister {G79}, Mary {G3137} the wife {G3588} of Cleophas {G2832}, and {G2532} Mary {G3137} Magdalene {G3094}.

Complete Jewish Bible

Nearby Yeshua’s execution stake stood his mother, his mother’s sister Miryam the wife of K’lofah, and Miryam from Magdala.

Berean Standard Bible

Near the cross of Jesus stood His mother and her sister, as well as Mary the wife of Clopas and Mary Magdalene.

American Standard Version

These things therefore the soldiers did. But there were standing by the cross of Jesus his mother, and his mother’s sister, Mary the wife of Clopas, and Mary Magdalene.

Commentary

### SUMMARY
John 19:25 vividly portrays the profound sorrow and unwavering devotion of several women, including Jesus' mother Mary, her sister, Mary the wife of Cleophas, and Mary Magdalene, who stood courageously at the foot of the cross during Jesus' crucifixion. This poignant scene highlights the deep personal cost of redemption, the steadfast faithfulness of these disciples, and Jesus' continued concern for His loved ones even in His final agonies, setting the stage for His subsequent entrustment of His mother to John's care.

### CONTEXT
* **Literary Context:** This verse is situated within the intensely dramatic narrative of Jesus' crucifixion in John's Gospel, specifically following the soldiers' division of Jesus' garments and preceding Jesus' entrustment of His mother to the beloved disciple, John, in [John 19:26-27](/john/19-26-27 "John 19:26-27 - Jesus Entrusts His Mother to John"). The presence of these women at the cross stands in stark contrast to the earlier abandonment by most of Jesus' male disciples, emphasizing their unique courage and loyalty. John's Gospel often highlights specific individuals and their responses to Jesus, and this passage serves as a powerful testament to the devotion of these female followers in a moment of extreme public humiliation and suffering. It also sets up the deeply personal and familial aspect of Jesus' final moments, juxtaposed against the cosmic significance of His sacrifice.
* **Historical & Cultural Context:** Crucifixion was a brutal and public form of execution designed to inflict maximum pain and humiliation, serving as a deterrent against rebellion. Roman law typically forbade relatives from removing the body until permission was granted, but standing near the cross, though dangerous, was not explicitly forbidden. In Jewish culture, women often played significant roles in mourning and burial rituals. The presence of these women, particularly Mary, Jesus' mother, at such a horrific public spectacle, would have been an act of immense courage and profound grief. Their presence defied the social norms that might have dictated retreating from such a shameful display, demonstrating an extraordinary commitment. The mention of specific women also grounds the event in the historical reality of Jesus' life and the community that surrounded Him.
* **Key Themes:** John 19:25 contributes to several overarching themes in John's Gospel and the broader biblical narrative. It powerfully illustrates **unwavering faithfulness** in the face of immense suffering and public shame, as these women remained loyal when others fled. Their presence underscores the **profound sorrow and suffering** experienced by Jesus' closest followers, particularly His mother, fulfilling prophecies like Simeon's words in [Luke 2:35](/luke/2-35 "Luke 2:35 - Simeon's Prophecy to Mary"). The verse also subtly highlights the **humanity of Jesus**, showing His concern for His mother even in His divine mission of salvation, a theme that resonates with His earlier interactions with His family (e.g., [John 2:1-11](/john/2-1-11 "John 2:1-11 - The Wedding at Cana")). Furthermore, it emphasizes the **significant and enduring role of women** in Jesus' ministry, from supporting Him financially ([Luke 8:2-3](/luke/8-2-3 "Luke 8:2-3 - Women Ministering to Jesus")) to being the first witnesses to His [resurrection](/john/20-1 "John 20:1 - Mary Magdalene at the Tomb").

### EXPOSITION AND ANALYSIS
#### Key Word Analysis
* **stood (Greek, _hístēmi'_):** This verb (G2476) means "to stand (transitively or intransitively), used in various applications (literally or figuratively)." Here, it conveys not merely physical presence but a steadfast, resolute posture. Despite the horror and danger of the crucifixion, these women *stood* their ground, indicating a firm resolve and unwavering commitment, rather than simply being present or passing by. It suggests a deliberate act of remaining.
* **cross (Greek, _staurós'_):** The term (G4716) refers to a "stake or post (as set upright), i.e. (specially), a pole or cross (as an instrument of capital punishment)." Figuratively, it denotes "exposure to death, i.e. self-denial; by implication, the atonement of Christ." In this context, it is the literal instrument of Jesus' execution, but its profound theological implications as the site of atonement are deeply embedded in the narrative.
* **mother (Greek, _mḗtēr'_):** This primary word (G3384) denotes a "mother (literally or figuratively, immediate or remote)." Here, it refers to Mary, the biological mother of Jesus. Her presence at the cross is deeply significant, highlighting the personal anguish of a mother witnessing her son's agonizing death, a sorrow that transcends the theological implications of the event.

#### Verse Breakdown
* **"Now there stood by the cross of Jesus his mother":** This phrase immediately establishes the setting and the primary figure of profound sorrow. The verb "stood" (Greek: _hístēmi_) implies a deliberate and enduring presence, not a casual or fleeting one. Mary, Jesus' mother, is identified first, underscoring the immense personal tragedy she endured as she witnessed her son's crucifixion, a suffering foretold by Simeon in [Luke 2:35](/luke/2-35 "Luke 2:35 - Simeon's Prophecy to Mary"). Her presence highlights the human dimension of Jesus' suffering and sacrifice.
* **"and his mother's sister":** The identity of this individual has been a subject of scholarly debate. If taken literally as a full sister, it would mean Mary had a sister also named Mary (if she is identified with Mary the wife of Cleophas), which was not uncommon but could be confusing. Some traditions identify her as Salome, the mother of James and John, based on comparing the lists of women at the cross in [Mark 15:40](/mark/15-40 "Mark 15:40 - Women at the Cross in Mark") and [Matthew 27:56](/matthew/27-56 "Matthew 27:56 - Women at the Cross in Matthew"). Another interpretation suggests "sister" here refers to a close female relative, such as a cousin or sister-in-law, rather than a literal sibling.
* **"Mary the [wife] of Cleophas":** The KJV supplies "wife," as the Greek text simply has "Mary the of Cleophas" (G3137 + G3588 + G2832). This Mary is often identified as the mother of James the Less and Joses ([Mark 15:40](/mark/15-40 "Mark 15:40 - Women at the Cross in Mark"); [Matthew 27:56](/matthew/27-56 "Matthew 27:56 - Women at the Cross in Matthew")). There is also a tradition that Cleophas (or Clopas) was the brother of Joseph, Jesus' earthly father, which would make this Mary Jesus' aunt by marriage. If "his mother's sister" and "Mary the wife of Cleophas" are the same person, it would mean Jesus' mother had a sister also named Mary, which is possible but less likely. More commonly, they are understood as two distinct individuals, making four women present.
* **"and Mary Magdalene":** Mary Magdalene is consistently mentioned among the women who followed Jesus and ministered to Him ([Luke 8:2](/luke/8-2 "Luke 8:2 - Women Ministering to Jesus")). Her inclusion here is significant as she was a devoted follower who would later be the first to encounter the [risen Christ](/john/20-16 "John 20:16 - Mary Magdalene's Encounter with the Risen Christ"). Her presence underscores her unwavering loyalty and deep personal connection to Jesus, enduring the horror of His death.

#### Literary Devices
John 19:25 employs several powerful literary devices. **Contrast** is evident in the steadfast presence of these women at the cross, standing in stark opposition to the flight of most male disciples (except John). This highlights their exceptional courage and loyalty. **Pathos** is powerfully evoked, particularly through the mention of Jesus' mother, Mary, witnessing her son's agonizing death. This scene appeals directly to the reader's emotions, emphasizing the profound human suffering intertwined with the divine act of atonement. The inclusion of specific names, especially "Mary Magdalene," also serves as a form of **historical grounding**, lending authenticity and eyewitness credibility to the narrative, as she would later be a key witness to the resurrection. The entire scene functions as a form of **foreshadowing**, subtly preparing the reader for Jesus' final words and actions concerning His mother and John, demonstrating His continued care even in the throes of death.

### THEOLOGICAL AND THEMATIC CONNECTIONS
John 19:25 is a profound testament to the nature of true discipleship, revealing that faithfulness is often most evident in moments of profound suffering and public shame. The women at the cross embody a costly commitment, demonstrating that following Jesus means standing with Him even when it is dangerous, unpopular, or heart-wrenching. Their presence underscores the deep personal impact of the crucifixion, not just as a theological event but as a real human tragedy for those who loved Jesus. The scene also subtly highlights the divine compassion of Jesus, who, even in His agony, remains concerned for His mother's welfare, setting the stage for His provision for her through John. This moment reinforces the theme of suffering as an integral part of God's redemptive plan, reminding believers that the path of faith often involves enduring hardship with steadfast hope.

* [Luke 2:35](/luke/2-35 "Simeon's Prophecy to Mary")
* [Mark 15:40-41](/mark/15-40-41 "Women at the Cross in Mark")
* [Hebrews 12:2-3](/hebrews/12-2-3 "Jesus Enduring the Cross")

### REFLECTION AND APPLICATION
The scene at the cross in John 19:25 offers a powerful and challenging call to reflection for believers today. The unwavering presence of these women, particularly Mary, in the face of unimaginable sorrow and public humiliation, serves as a profound example of steadfast devotion. It compels us to examine the depth of our own commitment to Christ: are we willing to stand with Him, even when it is costly, unpopular, or painful? Do we remain present with those who are suffering, offering comfort and solidarity, much like these women did for Jesus? This verse reminds us that true discipleship is not merely about moments of triumph but about enduring faithfulness through trials. It also highlights the importance of compassion and care for family and community, even in our darkest hours, mirroring Jesus' concern for His mother. We are called to cultivate a love for Christ that transcends circumstances, mirroring the courage and loyalty displayed by these faithful women at the foot of the cross.

#### Questions for Reflection
* **What does the steadfastness of these women at the cross reveal about the nature of true devotion to Christ?**
* **In what ways might we be called to "stand by the cross" in our own lives, even when it is difficult or unpopular?**
* **How does Jesus' concern for His mother in this moment inform our understanding of His humanity and compassion?**

### FAQ
**Who were the women mentioned in John 19:25, and what is the significance of their presence?**

Answer: John 19:25 names four women present at the foot of the cross: Jesus' mother (Mary), His mother's sister, Mary the wife of Cleophas, and Mary Magdalene. Their presence is highly significant because, unlike most of Jesus' male disciples who had fled, these women demonstrated extraordinary courage, loyalty, and devotion by remaining with Jesus during His agonizing crucifixion. Their steadfastness highlights the depth of their commitment and provides a powerful example of faithfulness in the face of immense suffering and public shame. Their presence also underscores the profound personal sorrow associated with Jesus' death, particularly for His mother.

**Was "Mary the wife of Cleophas" the same person as "his mother's sister"?**

Answer: This is a point of scholarly discussion. The Greek text of [John 19:25](/john/19-25 "John 19:25 - Women at the Cross") can be interpreted in a few ways. If "his mother's sister" and "Mary the wife of Cleophas" refer to the same person, it would imply that Jesus' mother had a sister also named Mary, which is possible but less common. Many scholars and traditions interpret them as two distinct individuals, meaning there were four women present: Mary (Jesus' mother), her unnamed sister, Mary (wife of Cleophas), and Mary Magdalene. This interpretation is often supported by comparing this list with those in [Matthew 27:56](/matthew/27-56 "Matthew 27:56 - Women at the Cross in Matthew") and [Mark 15:40](/mark/15-40 "Mark 15:40 - Women at the Cross in Mark"), where different women are named as being at the cross.

### CHRIST-CENTERED FULFILLMENT
John 19:25, though seemingly a simple list of attendees at the crucifixion, is deeply Christ-centered in its implications. The presence of these faithful women at the foot of the cross underscores the profound reality of Christ's sacrifice: it was a real, physical death that brought immense sorrow to those who loved Him most, yet it was precisely through this suffering that He accomplished redemption. Jesus, the [Son of God](/john/3-16 "John 3:16 - God So Loved the World"), fully embraced His humanity even in His divine mission, as evidenced by His concern for His mother's welfare in the subsequent verses ([John 19:26-27](/john/19-26-27 "John 19:26-27 - Jesus Entrusts His Mother to John")). His endurance on the cross, witnessed by these devoted women, fulfills the Old Testament prophecies of a suffering servant ([Isaiah 53:3-7](/isaiah/53-3-7 "Isaiah 53:3-7 - The Suffering Servant")), whose ultimate act of love would reconcile humanity to God. The very act of standing by the cross, the instrument of His atoning death, points to the centrality of Christ's finished work. His sacrifice, witnessed by these courageous women, is the foundation of our faith, demonstrating the ultimate act of love that overcomes sin and death, paving the way for the new covenant established in His blood ([Luke 22:20](/luke/22-20 "Luke 22:20 - The New Covenant in His Blood")).

Note: Commentary is generated by AI with a directive for Biblical fidelity. Always rely on the Holy Spirit for discernment. The Scripture text and cross-references are from verified, non-AI sources.

Cross-References

Luke 23:49

And all his acquaintance, and the women that followed him from Galilee, stood afar off, beholding these things.

Matthew 27:55

And many women were there beholding afar off, which followed Jesus from Galilee, ministering unto him:

Matthew 27:56

Among which was Mary Magdalene, and Mary the mother of James and Joses, and the mother of Zebedee's children.

Mark 15:40

There were also women looking on afar off: among whom was Mary Magdalene, and Mary the mother of James the less and of Joses, and Salome;

Mark 15:41

(Who also, when he was in Galilee, followed him, and ministered unto him;) and many other women which came up with him unto Jerusalem.

John 20:1

¶ The first [day] of the week cometh Mary Magdalene early, when it was yet dark, unto the sepulchre, and seeth the stone taken away from the sepulchre.

John 20:11

¶ But Mary stood without at the sepulchre weeping: and as she wept, she stooped down, [and looked] into the sepulchre,